Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology of Vegetable Crops

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Biotic and Abiotic Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 January 2025 | Viewed by 986

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
Interests: plant physiology; postharvest physiology; ecophysiology

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Guest Editor
Post-Graduate Program in Agronomy, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia 58.397-000, Brazil
Interests: plant physiology; plant stress; phytohormones

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Guest Editor
College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhejiang 311300, China
Interests: plant physiology; plant environmental stress; plant biotechnology; horticultural plants;vegetable production
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Given the increasingly unpredictable and extreme environmental conditions expected for the next few years, vegetable crops (the primary food production base) will face a challenging scenario. Climate change will generate alterations in temperature, precipitation patterns, soil salinisation, the incidence of ultraviolet rays, a higher frequency of extreme weather events, and the occurrence of pests and diseases, all of which significantly impact the growth, development, and yield of vegetable crops.

Stress physiology in vegetable crops under climate change involves a complex interplay of environmental factors, physiological responses, and molecular mechanisms. At molecular levels, stress responses in vegetable crops involve complex signalling pathways and gene regulatory networks. Key regulators, such as transcription factors, play pivotal roles in activating stress-responsive genes involved in osmotic adjustment, detoxification, and antioxidant defence, coupled with a physiological response.

Additional knowledge surrounding underlying mechanisms associated with physiological responses to abiotic and biotic stresses in vegetal crops is pivotal to developing new plant materials or technologies that are applied to mitigate negative consequences in their fitting and yield. Therefore, this Special Issue welcomes studies that span physiological and molecular mechanisms related to vegetable crop production in a stressful environment.

Prof. Dr. Lucas Cavalcante da Costa
Dr. Juliane Maciel Henschel
Prof. Dr. Zhujun Zhu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • water stress
  • temperature stress
  • oxidative stress
  • salinity stress
  • vegetables crops

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 4639 KiB  
Article
Silicon Nanoparticles Improve Tomato Seed Germination More Effectively than Conventional Silicon under Salt Stress via Regulating Antioxidant System and Hormone Metabolism
by Taojie Wang, Hao Long, Shengming Mao, Zeyu Jiang, Yuanyuan Liu, Yong He, Zhujun Zhu and Guochao Yan
Horticulturae 2024, 10(8), 785; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10080785 - 25 Jul 2024
Viewed by 726
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the major environmental problems in agricultural production, severely limiting crops’ germination, growth and yield. Silicon (Si) is a widely recognized beneficial element in plants, which can promote plant growth especially under stressful conditions. With the emergence of nanotechnology [...] Read more.
Salt stress is one of the major environmental problems in agricultural production, severely limiting crops’ germination, growth and yield. Silicon (Si) is a widely recognized beneficial element in plants, which can promote plant growth especially under stressful conditions. With the emergence of nanotechnology in agriculture, silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) have been shown to be a promising tool in nano-enabled agricultural production. However, the comparative effects of Si and SiNPs in alleviating salt stress in plants remain unclear, which would limit the application of SiNPs in agricultural practice. In this study, the effects of SiNPs and conventional Si (silicate) on tomato (a typical low-Si accumulator) seed germination, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and the expression of genes related to hormone metabolism were investigated. The results showed that SiNPs more effectively promoted seed germination percentage, fresh weight, and Si content than conventional Si. Simultaneously, SiNPs more significantly modulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes and alleviated salt stress-induced oxidative damage in tomato seeds. Moreover, exogenous SiNPs addition promoted the expression of genes responsible for gibberellin (GA) synthesis and abscisic acid (ABA) catabolism, while downregulating the expression of genes related to GA deactivation and ABA synthesis in tomato seeds under salt stress. Overall, our results indicate that SiNPs are more effective than conventional Si in promoting tomato seed germination under salt stress via modulating antioxidant enzyme activity and key endogenous hormone metabolism, which could be based on the higher accumulation of SiNPs in tomato seeds than conventional Si. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology of Vegetable Crops)
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