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Second Edition of Aging: From an Evolutionary Perspective to Challenges for Healthy Aging

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Aging".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 March 2023) | Viewed by 4652

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Guest Editor
Competences Centre on Active and Healthy Ageing, Porto4Ageing, University of Porto, 4050-047 Porto, Portugal
Interests: ageing; older people; digital health; FAIR data; fairification
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health follows on from the previous issues, Aging: From an Evolutionary Perspective to Challenges for Healthy Aging (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph/special_issues/Aging_Perspective_Challenges).

Over the past few centuries, we have been facing an unprecedented rise in human life expectancy, which brings novel societal challenges. Aging is a major risk factor for chronic age-related diseases including cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, geriatric syndromes, such as frailty and sarcopenia, polypharmacy, and social isolation. Hence, a healthy and disease-free lifespan has not accompanied the increased lifespan. Public health measures to reduce the risk of cancer and metabolic and cardiovascular disease may be effective and monitored in primary care.

The aging of humans is a biological, physiological, and socially dynamic process. According to the World Health Organization, at the biological level, aging results from the impact of the accumulation of multiple forms of molecular and cellular damage in different tissues over time, as a consequence of failure of conserved signaling and cellular maintenance pathways. Sustaining aging with reduced disability requires an extensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms of aging, which are yet unknown, but where genetics may represent a powerful tool.

Preventive interventions aimed at slowing specific effects of aging remain a complex and inconsistent process, and few intervention regimes have been successful. Going forward, we must further evoke the bio-psychosocial aspects of human aging while planning preventive interventions.

To face the challenges of aging, we need a deeper understanding of the bio-psychosocial bases of this phenomenon. On this basis, in this Special Issue, we aim to gather knowledge regarding aging and identify the gaps that we further need to investigate in order to promote healthy and active aging.

Dr. Marta Almada
Guest Editor

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 967 KiB  
Article
Physical Activity versus Selected Health Behaviors, Subjective Physical and Psychological Health and Multimorbidity in a Large Cohort of Polish Seniors during the COVID-19 Pandemic (Results of the National Test for Poles’ Health )
by Agnieszka Szychowska, Anna Zimny-Zając, Elżbieta Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Tomasz Grodzicki, Wojciech Drygas and Tomasz Zdrojewski
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(1), 556; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010556 - 29 Dec 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2509
Abstract
National Test for Poles’ Health is an online study conducted on a large group of Polish Internet users. For the purpose of this study, 64,732 subjects (48.8% female) over 65 years old were included. Subjects provided answers on the level of physical activity [...] Read more.
National Test for Poles’ Health is an online study conducted on a large group of Polish Internet users. For the purpose of this study, 64,732 subjects (48.8% female) over 65 years old were included. Subjects provided answers on the level of physical activity (PA) they engage in, prevalence of non-communicable diseases (obesity, hypertension, diabetes, heart diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depression, cancer) and subjective physical and psychological health. Additionally, their Body Mass Index (BMI) and prevalence of multimorbidity was assessed. We found that older people who engage in at least 2 h of physical activity/week had significantly lower prevalence of hypertension, obesity and heart diseases than those who engaged in 1–1.5 h/week or less than 1 h/week. Multimorbidity was present in 33.2% of subjects from the most active group and 52.6% of the least active ones. Subjective physical and psychological health was rated as “very good” by 26.6% and 41.2%, respectively, by subjects from the most active group. Only 9.1% of the least active subjects rated their physical health as “very good” and only 27.4% rated their psychological health as such. Regular physical activity may be a helpful tool in combating the reduced well-being of older people affected by the isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Unfortunately, over 65% of respondents claimed to engage in less than 1 h of PA a week or less. Full article
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14 pages, 794 KiB  
Article
Grading Nursing Care Study in Integrated Medical and Nursing Care Institution Based on Two-Stage Gray Synthetic Clustering Model under Social Network Context
by Lan Xu and Yu Zhang
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(17), 10863; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710863 - 31 Aug 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1608
Abstract
Establishing a scientific and sustainable grading nursing care evaluation system is the key to realizing the rational distribution of medical and nursing resources in the combined medical and nursing care services. This study establishes a grading nursing care index system for medical and [...] Read more.
Establishing a scientific and sustainable grading nursing care evaluation system is the key to realizing the rational distribution of medical and nursing resources in the combined medical and nursing care services. This study establishes a grading nursing care index system for medical and nursing institutions from both medical and nursing aspects, and proposes a grading nursing care evaluation model based on a combination of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy entropy and a two- stage gray synthetic clustering model for interval gray number under a social network context. Through case analysis, the proposed method can directly classify the elderly into corresponding grading nursing care grades and realize the precise allocation of medical and nursing resources, which proves the feasibility of the method. Full article
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