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Community Nutrition and Obesity Control
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Community Nutrition and Obesity Control

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Global Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 March 2023) | Viewed by 17879

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Julia Díez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad de Alcala, 28801 Madrid, Spain
Interests: food environment; obesity; health inequities; socioeconomic status
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Joaquin Moncho Vasallo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, Universitat d'Alacant, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, 03001 Alicante, Spain
Interests: statistical analysis; public health; epidemiologic studies; multi-variable analysis
Dr. Eva Maria Trescastro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, Universitat d'Alacant, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, 03001 Alicante, Spain
Interests: community nutrition; food and nutrition education; obesogenic environment
Dr. Alba Martínez García

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, 03001 Alicante, Spain
Interests: community nutrition; food and nutrition education; obesogenic environment; food environment; obesity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are organizing a Special Issue on “Community Nutrition and Obesity Control”. Currently, Community Nutrition is understood as the set of activities linked to public health, which within the framework of applied nutrition and health promotion, are developed with a participatory approach in the community. Its main aim is to improve the nutritional and health status of individuals and population groups in a community. The interest of community nutrition programmes lies in the need to carry out interventions that, according to reality and scientific evidence, constitute the most appropriate response to the problem that has generated them and invite the active participation of the population in solving their own problems.

Community Nutrition Programmes and interventions must be implemented and provided with resources and mechanisms that ensure their development and their capacity to correct health inequalities, including overweight and obesity.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide an overview of the latest research around Community Nutrition and their link with the development or prevention of overweight and obesity, and papers from different Institutions are welcome.

We invite authors to submit relevant scientific original articles or reviews related to the Community Nutrition Programs with different approaches, such as epidemiological designs, meta-analyses, innovative technologies and the application of these methods and technologies in different groups of population.

Dr. Julia Díez

Prof. Dr. Joaquin Moncho Vasallo

Dr. Eva Maria Trescastro

Dr. Alba Martínez García

Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

 

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All papers will be peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2300 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

obesity; overweight; community nutrition; applied nutrition programs; food and nutrition education; nutrition programs and policies, public health

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 370 KiB  
Article
Food Education, Cookery Books and School Canteens in the Fight against Malnutrition: The Case of the Spanish Edalnu Programme (1961–1986)
by Maria Tormo-Santamaria and Josep Bernabeu-Mestre
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(9), 5427; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095427 - 29 Apr 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2018
Abstract
The Spanish population completed its nutritional transition in the 1960s and 1970s, when it overcame the problems of malnutrition. Among the initiatives that made this possible, the Food and Nutrition Education Programme (Edalnu) (1961–1986) stands out. In addition to correcting the negative influence [...] Read more.
The Spanish population completed its nutritional transition in the 1960s and 1970s, when it overcame the problems of malnutrition. Among the initiatives that made this possible, the Food and Nutrition Education Programme (Edalnu) (1961–1986) stands out. In addition to correcting the negative influence exerted by ignorance to nourish oneself correctly, it was intended to prevent the problems of overfeeding that most developed countries showed. The objective of this research addresses, in this context and from the parameters of applied history, the condition of the complementary pedagogical instrument that the Edalnu awarded to the school canteen in the fight against malnutrition, as well as the nutritional, dietetic, culinary and gastronomic criteria used for its operation. The results show that the school canteens sought to reinforce the food knowledge acquired in the classroom. Based on the dialogue between chefs and experts in nutrition and dietetics, balanced meals adapted to regional gastronomic diversity were prepared, which helped to promote, in line with current criteria, healthy and sustainable eating habits through traditional plant-based recipes, with a predominance of seasonal and local products, and with a complementary contribution of ingredients of animal origin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Community Nutrition and Obesity Control)
12 pages, 1107 KiB  
Article
Nutritional Concerns among Female International Volunteers Based on the Income and Development Status of Their Country of Service
by Megan J. Jensen, Katie N. Brown, Jennifer M. Turley, Marlene I. Graf, Jenna Dyckman, Andrew R. Creer and Susan Fullmer
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(8), 4846; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084846 - 16 Apr 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2197
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of female athlete triad risk factors among female international volunteers based on the development and income status of their country of service. A total of 2164 past volunteers completed a retrospective survey. Countries’ income and development [...] Read more.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of female athlete triad risk factors among female international volunteers based on the development and income status of their country of service. A total of 2164 past volunteers completed a retrospective survey. Countries’ income and development statuses were coded using the respective annual United Nations World Economic Situations and Prospects reports. Independent t-tests, ANOVAs, and Pearson’s Chi-Squared tests were used to assess group differences; corresponding odds ratios were calculated. Volunteers in nondeveloped (OR = 2.25, CI = 1.85–2.75) and non-high-income (OR = 2.17, CI = 1.75–2.70) countries had over twice the odds of experiencing secondary amenorrhea. More volunteers who served in nondeveloped countries reported an increase in exercise while serving (p = 0.005). Those who served in a nondeveloped (OR = 1.52, CI = 1.16–1.98) or non-high-income (OR = 1.45, CI = 1.08–1.94) country had higher odds of weight loss. However, volunteers serving in nondeveloped (OR = 0.52, CI = 0.44–0.63) and non-high-income (OR = 0.50, CI = 0.4–0.61) countries were less likely to report food insecurity compared to those in developed and high-income countries. Bone mineral density was within the expected range regardless of income and development status. Female volunteers who served in nondeveloped and non-high-income countries experienced higher odds of secondary amenorrhea, which was likely influenced by an increase in exercise and higher odds of weight loss. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Community Nutrition and Obesity Control)
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14 pages, 1651 KiB  
Article
Dietary Intake Is Unlikely to Explain Symptom Severity and Syndrome-Specific Microbiome Alterations in a Cohort of Women with Fibromyalgia
by Amir Minerbi, Nicholas J. B. Brereton, Abraham Anjarkouchian, Audrey Moyen, Emmanuel Gonzalez, Mary-Ann Fitzcharles, Yoram Shir and Stéphanie Chevalier
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(6), 3254; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063254 - 10 Mar 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3843
Abstract
Background: Significant alterations were recently identified in the composition and putative function of the gut microbiome in women with fibromyalgia. As diet can influence the composition of the gut microbiome, differences in nutritional intake could, in theory, account for some of these specific [...] Read more.
Background: Significant alterations were recently identified in the composition and putative function of the gut microbiome in women with fibromyalgia. As diet can influence the composition of the gut microbiome, differences in nutritional intake could, in theory, account for some of these specific fibromyalgia microbiome alterations. The current study aims to compare the diet of women with fibromyalgia to that of controls in order to explore possible associations between the intake of certain nutrients, symptom severity and gut microbiome composition. Methods: The study population was comprised of 56 women with fibromyalgia and 68 controls. Dietary intake was assessed using the NIH Automated Self-Administered 24 h recall, following dietitian’s instructions and the completion of a three-day dietary recall. The gut microbiome was assessed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of stool samples. Results: Most demographic and anthropometric characteristics were comparable between groups. The average energy and macronutrient intake (total and relative) and overall diet quality score were not different between patients and controls, nor were the main vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, alcohol, caffeine, sugar or fiber intakes. The daily intake of micronutrients and normalized macronutrients in women with fibromyalgia was largely not correlated with disease-specific measures, including pain intensity, fatigue, cognitive symptoms and quality of sleep, or with the relative quantity of almost any of the gut microbiome bacterial taxa differentially abundant in fibromyalgia. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that dietary intakes, as evaluated by self-reported questionnaires, probably cannot explain the syndrome-specific differences in gut microbiome or the clinical phenotype of fibromyalgia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Community Nutrition and Obesity Control)
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13 pages, 377 KiB  
Article
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children of Immigrant Origin in Spain: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Joaquín Moncho, Alba Martínez-García and Eva Mª Trescastro-López
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(3), 1711; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031711 - 2 Feb 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3086
Abstract
Social determinants of health are a major contributing factor to health inequalities and have important effects on the health of the population. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of overweight/obesity in native and immigrant children aged 2–14 years residing [...] Read more.
Social determinants of health are a major contributing factor to health inequalities and have important effects on the health of the population. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of overweight/obesity in native and immigrant children aged 2–14 years residing in Spain, and to explore its relationship with socioeconomic factors, habits, and living and health conditions. This study used data from the 2017 Spanish National Health Survey, which collects health information on the population residing in Spain. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the risk of overweight/obesity controlling for the variables of interest. The final sample consisted of 2351 households. Children of immigrant origin had a significantly higher overall prevalence of overweight and/or obesity than natives, both in boys (40.5% vs. 29.5%) and girls (44.8% vs. 30.3%), and a higher adjusted risk of overweight/obesity (OR = 1.67). In addition, it has been observed that children of immigrant origin were at higher risk of consuming sugary soft drinks, exercising less, and using screens more. In conclusion, the increased risk of having different habits that may contribute to developing excess weight and of having overweight/obesity in children with a migrant background should guide public health policies and interventions, emphasizing those groups at higher risk and incorporating considerations of socioeconomic inequalities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Community Nutrition and Obesity Control)
13 pages, 381 KiB  
Article
Association between Self-Reported Childhood Difficulties and Obesity and Health-Related Behaviors in Adulthood—A Cross-Sectional Study among 28,047 Adults from the General Population
by Tonje Holte Stea, Herolinda Shatri, Siri Håvås Haugland and Annette Løvheim Kleppang
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(3), 1395; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031395 - 26 Jan 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2645
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the associations between self-reported childhood difficulties, weight status, and lifestyle behaviors among a representative sample of Norwegian adults. This cross-sectional study included 28,047 adults (>18 years old) living in southern Norway. A self-report questionnaire [...] Read more.
The aim of the present study was to examine the associations between self-reported childhood difficulties, weight status, and lifestyle behaviors among a representative sample of Norwegian adults. This cross-sectional study included 28,047 adults (>18 years old) living in southern Norway. A self-report questionnaire was used to assess information about the overall quality of the respondents’ childhood retrospectively in addition to current weight status and current lifestyle behaviors. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for gender, age, and educational level showed that evaluating childhood as difficult was associated with increased odds of obesity (OR: 1.29; 95% CI; 1.16–1.44) in adulthood. Moreover, a difficult childhood was associated with increased odds of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors in adulthood, including low consumption of fruit and berries (1.21; 1.09–1.34) and fish (1.43; 1.30–1.57), high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (1.30; 1.14–1.48), low level of physical activity (1.10; 1.01–1.21), smoking cigarettes (1.78; 1.61–1.97), and using smokeless tobacco (1.20; 1.07–1.36). Overall, results from the present study suggest that experiencing childhood as difficult is associated with an increased risk of obesity and a range of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors in adulthood. Thus, our findings highlight the importance of identifying and providing support to children in difficult life circumstances in addition to customized and targeted public health efforts in adulthood. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Community Nutrition and Obesity Control)
13 pages, 866 KiB  
Article
High Prevalence of Overweight and Its Association with Mid-Upper Arm Circumference among Female and Male Farmers in Tanzania and Mozambique
by Laila Eleraky, Ramula Issa, Sónia Maciel, Hadijah Mbwana, Constance Rybak, Jan Frank and Wolfgang Stuetz
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(17), 9128; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179128 - 30 Aug 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2649
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of overweight/obesity may already have reached the farmers in Tanzania and Mozambique. Here, the measurement of the mid-upper-arm-circumference (MUAC) could become a simple and sensitive tool for early detection of at-risk groups of overweight as well as underweight. Body Mass [...] Read more.
The increasing prevalence of overweight/obesity may already have reached the farmers in Tanzania and Mozambique. Here, the measurement of the mid-upper-arm-circumference (MUAC) could become a simple and sensitive tool for early detection of at-risk groups of overweight as well as underweight. Body Mass Index (BMI) and MUAC of female and male farmers (n = 2106) from different regions of Tanzania and the Zambézia province, Mozambique, were analyzed by region, sex, age, and correlates. MUAC cut-offs, calculated via BMI cut-offs (<18.5, ≥25, and ≥30 kg/m2), and multiple linear regression (MLR), compared to those selected by highest Youden’s index (YI) value, were assessed. The study showed an overall higher prevalence of overweight (19%) than underweight (10%) due to the high number of overweight female farmers (up to 35%) in southern Tanzania. BMI, which was mainly and positively predicted by MUAC, was higher in Tanzania and among female farmers, and decreased significantly from the age of ≥65 years. MUAC cut-offs of <24 cm and ≥30.5 cm, calculated by MLR, detected 55% of farmers being underweight and 74% being overweight, with a specificity of 96%; the higher cut-off <25 cm and lower cut-off ≥29 cm, each selected according to YI, consequently detected more underweight (80%) and overweight farmers (91%), but on the basis of a lower specificity (87–88%). Overweight was evident among female farmers in East Africa. MUAC cut-offs, whether defined via linear regression or Youden’s Index, could prove to be easy-to-use tools for large-scale screenings of both underweight and overweight. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Community Nutrition and Obesity Control)
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