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Sexuality, Ethnicity, Gender and HIV: Community Responses

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Infectious Disease Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020) | Viewed by 7437

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Sexuality Studies, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
Interests: quantitative and qualitative methods in researching HIV issues as they relate to gender; gender-specified HIV/ STD prevention programs; intimate partner violence; structural concerns of transgender people

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Despite biomedical advancements in the treatment of HIV, those with limited wealth and power remain difficult to reach and treat. HIV prevention likewise remains challenging among poorer and more disenfranchised communities. Those most affected by HIV continue to be those with stigmatized sexualities, women, transgender individuals, communities of colour, immigrants, and individuals with substance use. However, vulnerable and disenfranchised communities have found resilience in small acts of resistance and survival.

In order to eradicate HIV, a number of issues relating to sexuality, ethnicity, and gender need to be explored, addressed, and responded to. Communities most affected by HIV have found innovative ways of reaching and addressing issues of HIV. The International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH; Guest Editor Rita M Melendez, PhD) seeks the submission of scholarly articles that explore community responses to sexuality, ethnicity, gender, and HIV. We seek articles that come from all areas of the world that address new and innovative community approaches to HIV prevention and treatment. The focus can be on any at-risk or vulnerable populations: some examples include women, LGBT youth, homeless individuals, MSM, transgender individuals, immigrants, and substance users. Diverse topics are welcome and should discuss how the community has responded to an HIV challenge. Examples may include: innovative program developments, community organization, and the recruitment and maintenance of hard-to-reach individuals.

Prof. Rita Melendez
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • community
  • HIV
  • gender
  • ethnicity
  • sexuality
  • resilience

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 378 KiB  
Article
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Intentions towards HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis among Nursing Students in Spain
by Guillermo López-Díaz, Almudena Rodríguez-Fernández, Eva María Domínguez-Martís, Diego Gabriel Mosteiro-Miguéns, David López-Ares and Silvia Novío
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(19), 7151; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197151 - 29 Sep 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3518
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Among the preventive approaches proposed to control this disease is pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), whose effectiveness depends on the medication adherence. The aim of the present study was [...] Read more.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Among the preventive approaches proposed to control this disease is pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), whose effectiveness depends on the medication adherence. The aim of the present study was to determine the knowledge and attitudes about PrEP among a sample of Spanish nursing students as well as their intentions of receiving it in case it was indicated. An observational cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out. A total of 570 nursing students from the University of Santiago de Compostela (Spain), ≥18 years old and of both sexes were invited to self-complete a questionnaire between February and March 2020. A total of 352 students decided to participate in the study. Participants had low knowledge [overall knowledge score 1(0–2)] and a neutral attitude towards PrEP. The intention of receiving PrEP improved significantly after the completion of the questionnaire and the administration of information about PrEP (p = 0.039; before: 23.58% and after: 93.77%). Nursing staff play an important role in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, so their training in preventive strategies, such as PrEP, could help to reduce the incidence of new cases of HIV infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sexuality, Ethnicity, Gender and HIV: Community Responses)
14 pages, 1310 KiB  
Article
The Disparities in Mental Health Between Gay and Bisexual Men Following Positive HIV Diagnosis in China: A One-Year Follow-Up Study
by Rui Luo, Vincent M.B. Silenzio, Yunxiang Huang, Xi Chen and Dan Luo
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(10), 3414; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103414 - 14 May 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3396
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the change in mental health (depression and anxiety) among HIV-positive gay and bisexual men (GBM) one year after diagnosis and the disparities in trajectories of mental health between them. The potential factors contributing to the disparities were also [...] Read more.
This study aimed to determine the change in mental health (depression and anxiety) among HIV-positive gay and bisexual men (GBM) one year after diagnosis and the disparities in trajectories of mental health between them. The potential factors contributing to the disparities were also investigated. This was a one-year follow-up study focusing on the mental health of newly diagnosed HIV-positive individuals. Participants rated their depression, anxiety, stress, and social support levels at baseline and one year later. Information on the utilization of mental healthcare and the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) after diagnosis was collected at one-year follow-up. A total of 171 and 87 HIV-positive gay and bisexual men, respectively, completed two-time points surveys in this study. The depressive and anxiety symptoms experienced by HIV-positive GBM improvement one year after diagnosis. These improvements tended to be smaller in gay participants. Other factors including mental health care utilization and ART status during the one-year follow-up period, changes in social stress scores and objective social support scores were also associated with the changes in depression and anxiety, and all these factors, except for change in objective support, were found to be statistically different between HIV-positive GBM. Special attention should be given to the mental health of HIV-positive gay men. Promoting HIV-positive gay men to assess to mental health services and ART may be important for these populations to improve mental health. Enhancing social support and reducing stress levels may also be necessary for the vulnerable HIV-positive sexual minority groups. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sexuality, Ethnicity, Gender and HIV: Community Responses)
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