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Information
Special Issues
Software Engineering and Green Software
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Software Engineering and Green Software

A special issue of Information (ISSN 2078-2489). This special issue belongs to the section "Information Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 1555

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Luca Ardito

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
Interests: green software; energy awareness; GUI testing; IoT; mobile applications

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nowadays, saving energy is key interdisciplinary challenge. Green IT deals with saving energy in IT systems and is rapidly gaining momentum. Hardware manufacturers and designers have first considered the problem in the IT field, but, in the last decade, software energy efficiency gathered the interest of industry and academic research. From a software engineering point of view, most contributions are devoted to developing frameworks and tools for energy metering and profiling that lead to understanding how the different methods and techniques of software affect energy consumption. Writing energy-efficient software is one of the most challenging issues in this area because it requires a change in mindset for software developers and designers to measure and reduce the effect of software on the energy consumption of the underlying hardware. Energy consumption may also represent a critical problem for end users. In laptops, tablets, and smartphones, energy consumption impacts battery life and, therefore, leads to a user experience issue. For data centres or crypto miners, energy consumption directly affects the electrical bill.

This Special Issue focuses on software engineering and the design of green software; the definition of techniques, practices, and tools to assess and/or develop green software; and on creating awareness among developers and users.

Dr. Luca Ardito
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Information is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • energy-aware software
  • metrics and indicators for software energy consumption
  • requirements elicitation for developing green software
  • energy-consumption software assessment
  • design principles and techniques for green software
  • runtime visualization of software energy consumption
  • creating user awareness on software energy consumption
  • self-managing systems for optimizing energy consumption
  • techniques, tools, and frameworks for developing green software
  • serious games for developing green software
  • gamification techniques for user-responsible usage of high-energy-consumption software
  • green software for automation
  • green software and machine learning
  • green software and blockchain
  • green software and crypto mining

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1030 KiB  
Article
Compact and Low-Latency FPGA-Based Number Theoretic Transform Architecture for CRYSTALS Kyber Postquantum Cryptography Scheme
by Binh Kieu-Do-Nguyen, Nguyen The Binh, Cuong Pham-Quoc, Huynh Phuc Nghi, Ngoc-Thinh Tran, Trong-Thuc Hoang and Cong-Kha Pham
Information 2024, 15(7), 400; https://doi.org/10.3390/info15070400 - 11 Jul 2024
Viewed by 704
Abstract
In the modern era of the Internet of Things (IoT), especially with the rapid development of quantum computers, the implementation of postquantum cryptography algorithms in numerous terminals allows them to defend against potential future quantum attack threats. Lattice-based cryptography can withstand quantum computing [...] Read more.
In the modern era of the Internet of Things (IoT), especially with the rapid development of quantum computers, the implementation of postquantum cryptography algorithms in numerous terminals allows them to defend against potential future quantum attack threats. Lattice-based cryptography can withstand quantum computing attacks, making it a viable substitute for the currently prevalent classical public-key cryptography technique. However, the algorithm’s significant time complexity places a substantial computational burden on the already resource-limited chip in the IoT terminal. In lattice-based cryptography algorithms, the polynomial multiplication on the finite field is well known as the most time-consuming process. Therefore, investigations into efficient methods for calculating polynomial multiplication are essential for adopting these quantum-resistant lattice-based algorithms on a low-profile IoT terminal. Number theoretic transform (NTT), a variant of fast Fourier transform (FFT), is a technique widely employed to accelerate polynomial multiplication on the finite field to achieve a subquadratic time complexity. This study presents an efficient FPGA-based implementation of number theoretic transform for the CRYSTAL Kyber, a lattice-based public-key cryptography algorithm. Our hybrid design, which supports both forward and inverse NTT, is able run at high frequencies up to 417 MHz on a low-profile Artix7-XC7A100T and achieve a low latency of 1.10μs while achieving state-of-the-art hardware efficiency, consuming only 541-LUTs, 680 FFs, and four 18 Kb BRAMs. This is made possible thanks to the newly proposed multilevel pipeline butterfly unit architecture in combination with employing an effective coefficient accessing pattern. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Software Engineering and Green Software)
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