Journal of Fungi

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Dr. Paloma Sánchez-Torres

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Food Biotechnology Department, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
Interests: fungal biotechnology, synthetic biology; fungal control; fungicide resistance; fungal virulence; signal transduction pathways; host–pathogen interaction
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Dear Colleagues,

Fungi are a great threat to the post-harvest industry, causing high economic losses. Management options are limited due to resistance to fungicides. The multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype is the main factor responsible for the failure of antifungal control. The main mechanisms of resistance to antifungals are related to the presence of transport proteins in the plasma membrane, which extrude drugs from the intracellular medium and, therefore, prevent them from reaching the necessary concentration that would allow them to be effective against fungi. However, other mechanisms can be observed, such as point mutations in the binding targets of certain fungicides. Due to the importance of MDRs for the control of fungal pathogens during postharvest, the discovery of new molecules capable of inhibiting efflux transporters and/or new targets of action emerges as a promising strategy to strengthen the antifungal arsenal.

This Special Issue aims to present and promote research on fungicide resistance molecular mechanisms in order to encourage research into alternatives that block the multidrug resistance phenotype.

Dr. Paloma Sánchez-Torres
Guest Editor

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Keywords

postharvest fungi
biocontrol
antifungal proteins and peptides
fungicide resistance
virulence/pathogenesis
signal transduction pathways
host-pathogen interaction
effectors

Published Papers (1 paper)

Research

13 pages, 3332 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Procymidone Application Contributes to Multidrug Resistance of Botrytis cinerea

by Zhaochen Wu, Chuxian Yu, Qiuyan Bi, Junting Zhang, Jianjun Hao, Pengfei Liu and Xili Liu

J. Fungi 2024, 10(4), 261; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10040261 - 29 Mar 2024

Viewed by 628

Abstract

The necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea infects a broad range of plant hosts and causes substantial economic losses to many crops. Although resistance to procymidone has been observed in the field, it remains uncertain why procymidone is usually involved in multidrug resistance (MDR) together with other fungicides. Nine mutants derived from the B. cinerea strain B05.10 through procymidone domestication exhibited high resistance factors (RFs) against both procymidone and fludioxonil. However, the fitness of the mutants was reduced compared to their parental strain, showing non-sporulation and moderate virulence. Furthermore, the RFs of these mutants to other fungicides, such as azoxystrobin, fluazinam, difenoconazole, and pyrimethanil, ranged from 10 to 151, indicating the occurrence of MDR. Transcriptive expression analysis using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) revealed that the mutants overexpressed ABC transporter genes, ranging from 2 to 93.7-fold. These mutants carried single-point mutations W647X, R96X, and Q751X within BcBos1 by DNA sequencing. These alterations in BcBos1 conferred resistance to procymidone and other fungicides in the mutants. Molecular docking analysis suggested distinct interactions between procymidone and Bos1 in the B. cinerea standard strain B05.10 or the resistant mutants, suggesting a higher affinity of the former towards binding with the fungicide. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the biological characteristics of the resistant mutants and conducts an initial investigation into its fungicide resistance traits, providing a reference for understanding the causes of multidrug resistance of B. cinerea in the field. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Molecular Perspectives on Multidrug-Resistance in Postharvest Fungi)

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