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Advances in Invasive Fungal Infections 2024
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Advances in Invasive Fungal Infections 2024

A special issue of Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X). This special issue belongs to the section "Fungal Pathogenesis and Disease Control".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 2003

Special Issue Editors

Dr. L. Joseph Wheat

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
MiraVista Diagnost, 4705 Decatur Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46241, USA
Interests: invasive fungal infections; emerging mycoses; resistant fungi; antifungals
Dr. Nicolas Barros

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Transplant Infectious Diseases at IU Health Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
Interests: resistant fungi; antifungals; fungal epidemiology; fungal diagnostics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Invasive fungal infections are an increasing public health concern. The burden of invasive fungal infections has increased in part due to the expansion of the at-risk population. Many factors may increase the risk for developing invasive fungal infections, including waning immunity through immunosuppression, ageing, and the persistence of uncontrolled HIV infection. Furthermore, the rapid emergence of antifungal resistance compounds the limited access to diagnostics and appropriate therapies.

In 2022, the WHO published the first fungal priority pathogens list, which prioritized fungal pathogens that can cause invasive fungal infections, for which drug resistance and other treatment and management challenges exist.

During the past decade, there have been numerous advances in the epidemiology of invasive fungal infections, mechanisms of resistance, diagnostics, and treatment. These include, but are not limited to, the development of new antifungal classes and newer formulations of older antifungals.

In this Special Issue of the Journal of Fungi, we will focus on the most recent advances and developments in the field of invasive fungal infections.

Dr. L. Joseph Wheat
Dr. Nicolas Barros
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Fungi is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • invasive fungal infections
  • emerging mycoses
  • resistant fungi
  • antifungals
  • fungal epidemiology
  • fungal diagnostics

Published Papers (2 papers)

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14 pages, 893 KiB  
Article
A Phase I/IIa Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label Study on the Safety and Efficacy of Nebulized Liposomal Amphotericin for Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis
by Jesús Fortún, Elia Gómez-García de la Pedrosa, Alberto Martínez-Lorca, Patricia Paredes, Pilar Martín-Dávila, Alicia Gómez-López, María José Buitrago, Javier López-Jiménez, Francesca Gioia, Rosa Escudero, Maria Elena Alvarez-Alvarez, Cruz Soriano, Javier Moreno-García, Diana San Miguel, Noelia Vicente and Santiago Moreno
J. Fungi 2024, 10(3), 191; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10030191 - 1 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1437
Abstract
Although nebulized liposomal amphotericin B (NLAB) is being used in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) prophylaxis, no clinical trial has shown its efficacy as a therapeutic strategy. NAIFI is the inaugural randomized, controlled clinical trial designed to examine the safety and effectiveness of NLAB [...] Read more.
Although nebulized liposomal amphotericin B (NLAB) is being used in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) prophylaxis, no clinical trial has shown its efficacy as a therapeutic strategy. NAIFI is the inaugural randomized, controlled clinical trial designed to examine the safety and effectiveness of NLAB (dosage: 25 mg in 6 mL, three times per week for 6 weeks) against a placebo, in the auxiliary treatment of IPA. Throughout the three-year clinical trial, thirteen patients (six NLAB, seven placebo) were included, with 61% being onco-hematological with less than 100 neutrophils/μL. There were no significant differences noted in their pre- and post-nebulization results of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and oxygen saturation between the groups. Neither bronchospasm nor serum amphotericin B levels were reported in any patients given NLAB. 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET-TC) was carried out at the baseline and after 6 weeks. A notable decrease in median SUV (standardized uptake value) was observed in NLAB patients after 6 weeks (−3.6 vs. −0.95, p: 0.039, one tail). Furthermore, a reduction in serum substance galactomannan and beta-D-Glucan was identified within NLAB recipients. NLAB is well tolerated and safe for patients with IPA. Encouraging indirect efficacy data have been derived from image monitoring or biomarkers. However, further studies involving more patients are necessary. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Invasive Fungal Infections 2024)
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19 pages, 1382 KiB  
Systematic Review
Global Epidemiology of Invasive Infections by Uncommon Candida Species: A Systematic Review
by Sandra Pinho, Isabel M. Miranda and Sofia Costa-de-Oliveira
J. Fungi 2024, 10(8), 558; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10080558 (registering DOI) - 7 Aug 2024
Viewed by 209
Abstract
Emerging and uncommon Candida species have been reported as an increasing cause of invasive Candida infections (ICI). We aim to systematize the global epidemiology associated with emergent uncommon Candida species responsible for invasive infections in adult patients. A systematic review (from 1 January [...] Read more.
Emerging and uncommon Candida species have been reported as an increasing cause of invasive Candida infections (ICI). We aim to systematize the global epidemiology associated with emergent uncommon Candida species responsible for invasive infections in adult patients. A systematic review (from 1 January 2001 to 28 February 2023) regarding epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological data associated to invasive Candida infections by uncommon Candida spp. were collected. In total, 1567 publications were identified, and 36 were selected according to inclusion criteria (45 cases). The chosen studies covered: C. auris (n = 21), C. haemulonii (n = 6), C. fermentati (n = 4), C. kefyr (n = 4), C. norvegensis (n = 3), C. nivariensis (n = 3), C. bracarensis (n = 1), C. duobushaemulonii (n = 1), C. blankii (n = 1), and C. khanbhai (n = 1). Over the recent years, there has been an increase in the number of invasive infections caused by uncommon Candida spp. Asia and Europe are the continents with the most reported cases. The challenges in strain identification and antifungal susceptibility interpretation were significant. The absence of clinical breakpoints for the susceptibility profile determination for uncommon Candida spp. makes interpretation and treatment options a clinical challenge. It is crucial that we focus on new and accessible microbiology techniques to make fast and accurate diagnostics and treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Invasive Fungal Infections 2024)
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