Diabetes, Metabolism and Pregnancy Complications
A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Physiology and Pathology".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 317
Special Issue Editor
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
The prevalence of obesity is increasing at an alarming rate and is now recognized as a major contributor to the development of metabolic disorders such as type 2 and gestational diabetes. Excess energy storage as fat in adipocytes is the hallmark of obesity, with adipocytes undergoing cellular hypertrophy and hyperplasia under conditions of a chronic positive energy balance. The accumulation of large adipocytes within white adipose tissue over time in obesity can progressively result in a hypoxic local environment and tissue fibrosis, ultimately leading to reduced adipose tissue plasticity, dysfunction and cell death. Dysfunctional and apoptotic adipocytes are shown to release pro-inflammatory mediators that promote the infiltration of immune cells into the adipose tissue and initiate a local immune response. Hence, obesity, depending on its degree and duration, is typically associated with the development of a chronic low-grade inflammatory state. The sequelae of this inflammation include the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), dyslipidaemia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Gestational diabetes (GDM) is characterised by impaired glucose tolerance detected during pregnancy and is associated with maternal and foetal/neonatal complications such as birth trauma, respiratory distress syndrome, intrauterine growth restriction, preeclampsia, macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycaemia. Neonates born to GDM pregnancies are at an increased risk of developing diabetes, hypertension and other metabolic disorders later in life, contributing to the already alarming increase in obesity and diabetes. Of note, women with GDM are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes within 5-10 years of delivery and are also at an increased risk of GDM recurrence in subsequent pregnancies. This Special Issue will cover recent advances and research in metabolic disease associated with pregnancy complications.
Dr. Seley Gharanei
Guest Editor
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