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Marine Drugs
Special Issues
Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Marine Carotenoids
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Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Marine Carotenoids

A special issue of Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Pharmacology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 6594

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Takashi Maoka

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Institute for Production Development, 15 Shimogamo-morimoto-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0805, Japan
Interests: analysis and structural elucidation of carotenoids; chemistry of carotenoids; chemosystematics and chemical ecology of carotenoids
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Masaki Honda

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Science and Technology, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
Interests: E/Z isomerization of carotenoids; chemical processing of carotenoids; analysis of carotenoids
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Masashi Hosokawa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
Interests: molecular nutrition of marine carotenoids; marine lipid chemistry; molecular design of functional lipids
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carotenoids, the most common fat-soluble plant pigments in nature, play important roles in scavenging peroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen in living animals, including humans. Dietary carotenoids are considered to be beneficial for the prevention of various diseases, such as certain cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and eye diseases. Due to the functional characteristics of carotenoids, they are often used in nutritional supplements, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products.

In recent years, marine carotenoids, such as astaxanthin and fucoxanthin, have attracted much attention. This is because some of them exhibit greater antioxidant activity than that of carotenoids with a terrestrial origin. Moreover, several marine carotenoids exhibit unique biological activities not found in terrestrial ones, which is difficult to explain by only antioxidant activity. The mechanisms might be based on the regulatory effect of marine carotenoids on particular biomolecules. Therefore, products using marine carotenoids could be differentiated from those using terrestrial carotenoids.

This Special Issue invites academic and industry scientists to submit reviews and original research articles highlighting the analysis, chemistry, and biochemistry of marine carotenoids. Furthermore, aspects of the recent progress in the processing technology of carotenoids for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications are also included in this Special Issue. I sincerely hope that this Special Issue will encourage other scientists to work on the exciting field of marine carotenoids.

Dr. Takashi Maoka
Dr. Masaki Honda
Prof. Dr. Masashi Hosokawa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Marine Drugs is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • marine carotenoids
  • biological activity
  • antioxidant activity
  • bioavailability
  • metabolic engineering
  • chemical engineering
  • biosynthesis
  • analysis
  • formulation
  • application

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 2888 KiB  
Article
Astaxanthin Exerts Immunomodulatory Effect by Regulating SDH-HIF-1α Axis and Reprogramming Mitochondrial Metabolism in LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells
by Luchuanyang Sun, Sangeun Kim, Ryoichi Mori, Nobuyuki Miyaji, Takeshi Nikawa and Katsuya Hirasaka
Mar. Drugs 2022, 20(11), 660; https://doi.org/10.3390/md20110660 - 25 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2082
Abstract
Astaxanthin (AX) is a carotenoid that exerts potent antioxidant activity and acts in cell membranes and mitochondria, which consist of the bilayer molecules. Targeting mitochondria to ameliorate inflammatory diseases by regulating mitochondrial metabolism has become possible and topical. Although AX has been shown [...] Read more.
Astaxanthin (AX) is a carotenoid that exerts potent antioxidant activity and acts in cell membranes and mitochondria, which consist of the bilayer molecules. Targeting mitochondria to ameliorate inflammatory diseases by regulating mitochondrial metabolism has become possible and topical. Although AX has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in various cells, the mechanisms are quite different. In particular, the role of AX on mitochondrial metabolism in macrophages is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of AX on mitochondria-mediated inflammation and its mechanisms in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. AX attenuated the mitochondrial O2− production and maintained the mitochondrial membrane potential, implying that AX preserved mitochondrial homeostasis to avoid LPS stimulation-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, AX prevented the decrease in mitochondrial complexes I, II, and III, which were caused by LPS stimulation. Especially, AX inhibited the reduction in mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase (SDH; complex II) activity and upregulated the protein and mRNA level of SDH complex, subunit B. Furthermore, AX blocked the IL-1β expression by regulating the SDH-HIF-1α axis and suppressed the energy shift from an OXPHOS phenotype to a glycolysis phenotype. These findings revealed important effects of AX on mitochondrial enzymes as well as on mitochondrial energy metabolism in the immune response. In addition, these raised the possibility that AX plays an important role in other diseases caused by SDH mutation and metabolic disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Marine Carotenoids)
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11 pages, 1852 KiB  
Article
Total Synthesis of Loroxanthin
by Yumiko Yamano, Mari Tanabe, Atsushi Shimada and Akimori Wada
Mar. Drugs 2022, 20(11), 658; https://doi.org/10.3390/md20110658 - 24 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1396
Abstract
The first total synthesis of loroxanthin (1) was accomplished by Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction of C25-apocarotenal 8 having a silyl-protected 19-hydroxy moiety with C15-phosphonate 25 bearing a silyl-protected 3-hydroxy-ε-end group. Preparation of apocarotenal 8 was achieved via Stille coupling [...] Read more.
The first total synthesis of loroxanthin (1) was accomplished by Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction of C25-apocarotenal 8 having a silyl-protected 19-hydroxy moiety with C15-phosphonate 25 bearing a silyl-protected 3-hydroxy-ε-end group. Preparation of apocarotenal 8 was achieved via Stille coupling reaction of alkenyl iodide 10 with alkenyl stananne 9, whereas phosphonate 25 was prepared through treatment of ally alcohol 23 with triethyl phosphite and ZnI2. The ally alcohol 23 was derived from the known (3R,6R)-3-hydroxy C15-aldehyde 20, which was obtained by direct optical resolution of racemate 20 using a semi-preparative chiral HPLC column. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Marine Carotenoids)
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