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Research on Smart Materials and Self-Powered Nanogenerators Systems
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Research on Smart Materials and Self-Powered Nanogenerators Systems

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Smart Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2023) | Viewed by 5697

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Tao Jiang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
2. School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Interests: triboelectric nanogenerators; blue energy harvesting; power management; self-powered systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Energy is a fundamental driving force of the global economy, and today, the world energy supply mainly relies on fossil fuels. However, due to the depletion of fossil fuels and the problems of environmental pollution and climate change, the sustainable development of human civilization faces a huge challenge. Therefore, harvesting renewable energies from our ambient environment through the development of micro/nanoscale energy technologies is of great practical value. Nanogenerators, as an effective mechanical energy harvesting technology, provide a promising route to sustainable energy. Developing new smart materials with new nanostructures to be applied in nanogenerator systems is beneficial to the enhancement of the output performance and efficiency of nanogenerators. The piezoelectric nanogenerator and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) were invented by Prof. Zhong Lin Wang in 2006 and 2012, respectively, to convert mechanical energy into electricity. Various TENGs with different structures and functions have been developed, accompanied by a gradual increase in the power density and energy conversion efficiency. Nanogenerators have found major applications in the fields of micro/nanoscale energy, self-powered systems/sensors, blue energy, and high-voltage power sources. This Special Issue on “Advances in Smart Materials and Self-Powered Nanogenerator Systems” aims to cover recent achievements in the fields of smart material applications and nanogenerator-based self-powered systems.

Dr. Tao Jiang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • smart materials
  • new nanomaterials and nanostructures
  • materials fabrication and applications
  • nanogenerators
  • energy harvesting
  • self-powered systems/sensors
  • blue energy
  • energy management and storage

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2967 KiB  
Article
Electron Transfer in Contact Electrification under Different Atmospheres Packaged inside TENG
by Yu Hou, Xuanli Dong, Wei Tang and Ding Li
Materials 2023, 16(14), 4970; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16144970 - 12 Jul 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1619
Abstract
Contact electrification (CE), a common physical phenomenon, is worth discussing. However, there are few reports on the influence of atmosphere on CE, or on the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), based on CE by encapsulating gas inside. Here, we propose physical processes of [...] Read more.
Contact electrification (CE), a common physical phenomenon, is worth discussing. However, there are few reports on the influence of atmosphere on CE, or on the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), based on CE by encapsulating gas inside. Here, we propose physical processes of electron transfer to interpret the impact of the gaseous atmosphere on CE. An atmosphere-filled triboelectric nanogenerator (AF-TENG) encapsulated five different gas-components of air based on the vertical contact separation mode was prepared. The sensitivity (1.02 V·N−1) and the power density (9.63 μW·m−2) of the oxygen-atmosphere-filled AF-TENG were 229.03% and 157.81% higher than these (0.31 V·N−1 and 3.84 μW·m−2) of the nitrogen-atmosphere-filled AF-TENG. As the oxygen atom possesses more atomic energy levels than other atoms, this could act as a “bridge” for more electrons to directly transfer between the two materials. The device package under different atmospheres could not only strengthen understanding of CE and improve the performance of TENG, but also be potentially applicable to prevent and control unnecessary damage caused by static electricity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Smart Materials and Self-Powered Nanogenerators Systems)
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13 pages, 2747 KiB  
Article
High Storable Power Density of Triboelectric Nanogenerator within Centimeter Size
by Yurui Shang, Chengyu Li, Gao Yu, Yuhan Yang, Wenting Zhao and Wei Tang
Materials 2023, 16(13), 4669; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134669 - 28 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1765
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) possess significant attributes, such as a simple structure, high energy conversion efficiency, and ease of fabrication, rendering them crucial for powering mobile and distributed low-power electronic devices. In this study, a multilayer spring TENG with a cushion layer structure is [...] Read more.
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) possess significant attributes, such as a simple structure, high energy conversion efficiency, and ease of fabrication, rendering them crucial for powering mobile and distributed low-power electronic devices. In this study, a multilayer spring TENG with a cushion layer structure is proposed that enhances the output performance of the basic TENG structure. The fundamental topology of the energy harvesting circuit is chosen based on the electrical performance parameters of the generator and optimizes the selection of each electronic component in the actual circuit. This allows the small-size TENG (2 cm3) to have a high storable power density (5.45 mW m−2). Finally, the fabrication method of the small-size TENG and how to choose suitable electronic components based on the intrinsic electrical parameters of the TENG were summarized. This work provides valuable guidance for designing and fabricating self-powered IoT node devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Smart Materials and Self-Powered Nanogenerators Systems)
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12 pages, 2303 KiB  
Article
Broadband and Multi-Cylinder-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Mechanical Energy Harvesting with High Space Utilization
by Xu Chen, Bao Cao, Chao Yang, Haonan Zhang, Lin Fang, Chen Chen, Zixun Wang, Wen He and Peihong Wang
Materials 2023, 16(8), 3034; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16083034 - 12 Apr 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1768
Abstract
The development and utilization of new energy sources is an effective means of addressing the limits of traditional fossil energy resources and the problem of environmental pollution. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) show great potential for applications in harvesting low-frequency mechanical energy from the environment. [...] Read more.
The development and utilization of new energy sources is an effective means of addressing the limits of traditional fossil energy resources and the problem of environmental pollution. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) show great potential for applications in harvesting low-frequency mechanical energy from the environment. Here, we propose a multi-cylinder-based triboelectric nanogenerator (MC-TENG) with broadband and high space utilization for harvesting mechanical energy from the environment. The structure consisted of two TENG units (TENG I and TENG II) assembled by a central shaft. Both an internal rotor and an external stator were included in each TENG unit, operating in oscillating and freestanding layer mode. On one hand, the resonant frequencies of the masses in the two TENG units were different at the maximum angle of oscillation, allowing for energy harvesting in a broadband range (2.25–4 Hz). On the other hand, the internal space of TENG II was fully utilized, and the maximum peak power of the two TENG units connected in parallel reached 23.55 mW. In contrast, the peak power density reached 31.23 Wm−3, significantly higher than that of a single TENG unit. In the demonstration, the MC-TENG could power 1000 LEDs, a thermometer/hygrometer, and a calculator continuously. Therefore, the MC-TENG will have excellent application in the field of blue energy harvesting in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Smart Materials and Self-Powered Nanogenerators Systems)
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