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Dental Implant Biomaterials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2021) | Viewed by 10221

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Cátedra Internacional de Investigación en Odontología, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain
Interests: evaluation of bone response to different biomaterials used in dental implants

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The use of dental implants for the rehabilitation of missing teeth has increased treatment options for patients. Loss of teeth in the posterior maxillary area can lead to adverse consequences. It is not uncommon to observe severe maxillary atrophy, which reduces the implant prosthetic alternatives to replace missing teeth.

At present, there are several types of graft materials used in this procedure, each with its advantages and disadvantages. Biomaterials that mimic the structure and composition of bone tissue on the nanoscale are important for the development of bone tissue engineering applications. 

Ideal graft implant material should be biocompatible, increase bone volume in the grafted area to promote initial stability at implant sites, and be resorbed with time and be replaced with native bone. The success of scaffold-based bone regeneration approaches strongly depends on the performance of the biomaterial used.

That is why the goal is to seek an ideal scaffold that provides good mechanical support temporarily while maintaining bioactivity, and which can biodegrade later at a tailorable rate. Hence, long-term studies based on histomorphometric and radiological biomaterials behavior must be carried out to understand the pattern of biodegradation of biomaterials and their influence on implant integration.

It is, therefore, my immense pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript for the Special Issue, “Dental Implant Biomaterials” covering any aspect of the properties and behavior of dental implant materials, including in vitro and in vivo studies.

Dr. María Piedad Ramírez Fernández
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • scaffolds
  • bone grafts
  • bone tissue–material interaction
  • resorption
  • histomorphometric analysis

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4523 KiB  
Article
Surrounding Tissue Response to Surface-Treated Zirconia Implants
by Yohei Iinuma, Masatsugu Hirota, Tohru Hayakawa and Chikahiro Ohkubo
Materials 2020, 13(1), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13010030 - 19 Dec 2019
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3021
Abstract
Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP), which are partially stabilized zirconia, have been used for fabricating dental implants. This study investigated the soft tissue attachment, the collagen fiber orientation to zirconia at different surface conditions, and the bone response using implantation experiments in animals. [...] Read more.
Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP), which are partially stabilized zirconia, have been used for fabricating dental implants. This study investigated the soft tissue attachment, the collagen fiber orientation to zirconia at different surface conditions, and the bone response using implantation experiments in animals. The zirconia implant surfaces were treated with ultraviolet irradiation (UV), a combination of large-grit sandblasting and hydrofluoric acid etching (blastedHF), and a combination of blastedHF and UV (blastedHF+UV). The surface treated with blastedHF and blastedHF+UV appeared rough and hydrophilic. The surface treated with blastedHF+UV appeared to be superhydrophilic. Subsequently, tapered cylindrical zirconia implants were placed in the alveolar sockets of the maxillary molars of rats. The bone-to-implant contact ratio of blastedHF and blastedHF+UV implants was significantly higher than that of the non-treated controls and UV-treated implants. The four different surface-treated zirconia implants demonstrated tight soft tissue attachments. Perpendicularly oriented collagen fibers towards zirconia implants were more prominent in blastedHF and blastedHF+UV implants compared to the controls and UV-treated implants. The area of the soft tissue attachment was the greatest with the perpendicularly oriented collagen fibers of blastedHF+UV-treated implants. In conclusion, blastedHF+UV treatment could be beneficial for ensuring greater soft-tissue attachment for zirconia implants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Implant Biomaterials)
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Review

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15 pages, 896 KiB  
Review
Synthetic Injectable Biomaterials for Alveolar Bone Regeneration in Animal and Human Studies
by Matej Tomas, Marija Čandrlić, Martina Juzbašić, Zrinka Ivanišević, Nikola Matijević, Aleksandar Včev, Olga Cvijanović Peloza, Marko Matijević and Željka Perić Kačarević
Materials 2021, 14(11), 2858; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112858 - 26 May 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2922
Abstract
After tooth extraction, the alveolar ridge undergoes dimensional changes. Different bone regeneration biomaterials are used to reduce bone loss. The aim of this article was to systematically review the literature on the effect of injectable synthetic biomaterials and their advantages and disadvantages for [...] Read more.
After tooth extraction, the alveolar ridge undergoes dimensional changes. Different bone regeneration biomaterials are used to reduce bone loss. The aim of this article was to systematically review the literature on the effect of injectable synthetic biomaterials and their advantages and disadvantages for new bone formation in the maxilla and mandible in animals and humans. A literature search was conducted in November 2020 via MEDLINE PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase. Of the 501 records screened, abstract analysis was performed on 49 articles, resulting in 21 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Animal studies have shown heterogeneity in terms of animal models, follow-up time, composition of the injectable biomaterial, and different outcome variables such as bone–implant contact, newly formed bone, and peri-implant bone density. Heterogeneity has also been demonstrated by human studies. The following outcomes were observed: newly formed bone, connective tissue, residual injectable bone graft substitute, radiographic density, residual bone height, and different follow-up periods. Further studies, especially in humans, based on the histological and biomechanical properties of the injectable delivery form, are needed to draw more concrete conclusions that will contribute to a better understanding of the benefits of this type of biomaterials and their role in bone regeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Implant Biomaterials)
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24 pages, 2307 KiB  
Review
Oral Tissue Interactions and Cellular Response to Zirconia Implant-Prosthetic Components: A Critical Review
by Marcel F. Kunrath, Saurabh Gupta, Felice Lorusso, Antonio Scarano and Sammy Noumbissi
Materials 2021, 14(11), 2825; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112825 - 25 May 2021
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3494
Abstract
Background: Dental components manufactured with zirconia (ZrO2) represent a significant percentage of the implant prosthetic market in dentistry. However, during the last few years, we have observed robust clinical and pre-clinical scientific investigations on zirconia both as a prosthetic and an [...] Read more.
Background: Dental components manufactured with zirconia (ZrO2) represent a significant percentage of the implant prosthetic market in dentistry. However, during the last few years, we have observed robust clinical and pre-clinical scientific investigations on zirconia both as a prosthetic and an implantable material. At the same time, we have witnessed consistent technical and manufacturing updates with regards to the applications of zirconia which appear to gradually clarify points which until recently were not well understood. Methods: This critical review evaluated the “state of the art” in relation to applications of this biomaterial in dental components and its interactions with oral tissues. Results: The physico-chemical and structural properties as well as the current surface treatment methodologies for ZrO2 were explored. A critical investigation of the cellular response to this biomaterial was completed and the clinical implications discussed. Finally, surface treatments of ZrO2 demonstrate that excellent osseointegration is possible and provide encouraging prospects for rapid bone adhesion. Furthermore, sophisticated surface treatment techniques and technologies are providing impressive oral soft tissue cell responses thus leading to superior biological seal. Conclusions: Dental devices manufactured from ZrO2 are structurally and chemically stable with biocompatibility levels allowing for safe and long-term function in the oral environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Implant Biomaterials)
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