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Advances in Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3) Concrete

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Construction and Building Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2022) | Viewed by 4001

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Engineering and Construction, School of Architecture, Computing and Engineering, University of East London, London, UK
Interests: cement replacement materials; durability of concrete; LC3 cement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cement-industry-related carbon dioxide emissions account for 5–8 percent of total greenhouse gas emissions globally. Each tonne of cement emits about the same amount of CO2. As a result, quick action to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate climate change is required. Many studies on reducing cement use have been conducted as a result of this. Supplemental cementitious materials (SCMs) are materials that are used in concrete to replace some of the cement. SCMs are currently found in nearly every type of cement. However, the quality and quantity of SCMs available for a global cement replacement strategy remain limited. Despite the fact that limestone is plentiful, adding more than 10% of it to cement increases porosity and degrades characteristics. Clay, on the other hand, is widely available, and calcined clay has been proved to be a good cement alternative. Making limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) is a practical choice because clays and limestone are abundantly available all over the world. This Special Issue will cover the rapidly growing body of knowledge about LC3, the background to the development of LC3, detailed reviews of the chemistry of LC3 hydration and synthesis, raw material qualities and manufacturing processes, and environmental aspects of LC3.

Dr. Salim Barbhuiya
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • limestone calcined clay (LC3) cement
  • fly ash
  • GGBS
  • hydration
  • compressive strength
  • durability

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 2709 KiB  
Article
Influence of Low- to Medium-Kaolinite Clay on the Durability of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3) Concrete
by Kiran Ram, Matea Flegar, Marijana Serdar and Karen Scrivener
Materials 2023, 16(1), 374; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010374 - 30 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2757
Abstract
The kaolinite content is principally responsible for the durability performance of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3), which calls into question its global applicability. The clay supply has a significant impact on the LC3 system’s reduced carbon footprint advantage. The influence of kaolinite concentration [...] Read more.
The kaolinite content is principally responsible for the durability performance of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3), which calls into question its global applicability. The clay supply has a significant impact on the LC3 system’s reduced carbon footprint advantage. The influence of kaolinite concentration from two separate clays (collected in East South-East Europe) on the durability performance of concrete was investigated in this study. The low-kaolinitic clay had 18% kaolinite, while the medium-kaolinitic clay contained around 41% kaolinite. The compressive strength, chloride intrusion, electrical conductivity, surface resistivity, and sorptivity index were measured on concrete after 28 days. Furthermore, the pore structure development of these mixtures was investigated in relation to the kaolinite content of the mixtures. The reactivity test was performed on clays to measure their reactivity levels within the cementitious system. The results show that kaolinite content has a moderate effect on compressive strength, but it has a considerable effect on other durability indices. When compared to the Portland cement mixture, the chloride migration and diffusion coefficients were reduced by 50% and 36%, respectively, in the combination with a medium kaolinite content (more than 40%). The low-kaolinitic clay, on the other hand, achieved 60% of the chloride penetration resistance of the medium-kaolinitic clay. Furthermore, low-kaolinitic clay has been demonstrated to be suitable for low-carbon concrete in moderate exposure conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3) Concrete)
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