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Magnetocaloric and Thermoelectric Properties of Inorganic Materials
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Magnetocaloric and Thermoelectric Properties of Inorganic Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 August 2022) | Viewed by 12320

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jerzy Goraus

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
August Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
Interests: intermetallic compounds, particularly rare earth and transition metal compounds with thermoelectric or magnetocaloric properties; ab-initio calculations, mostly within density functional theory; low-temperature physics; web application programming
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Materials for energy conversion and transfer are currently very important for environmental reasons. Magnetocaloric materials can give us better cooling efficiencies than traditional refrigerators. Thermoelectric materials can help us to recover heat that would otherwise be lost. There are also many niche applications of magnetocaloric and thermoelectric effects in areas like cryogenic refrigeration, sensors, small-scale refrigeration, and many others. Therefore, experimental and  theoretical research in this field has been growing  almost exponentially in recent years, with almost 6000  papers devoted to thermoelectric properties in 2018 alone. This Special Issue is devoted to both magnetocaloric and thermoelectric materials, and experimental as well as theoretical studies are welcomed.

Dr. Jerzy Goraus
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • thermoelectric materials
  • figure of merit
  • magnetocaloric materials
  • magnetic entropy
  • structural transition
  • magnetic transition
  • thermopower
  • intermetallic

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 5625 KiB  
Article
Effect of Gd3+ Substitution on Thermoelectric Power Factor of Paramagnetic Co2+-Doped Calcium Molybdato-Tungstates
by Bogdan Sawicki, Marta Karolewicz, Elżbieta Tomaszewicz, Monika Oboz, Tadeusz Groń, Zenon Kukuła, Sebastian Pawlus, Andrzej Nowok and Henryk Duda
Materials 2021, 14(13), 3692; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133692 - 1 Jul 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1668
Abstract
A series of Co2+-doped and Gd3+-co-doped calcium molybdato-tungstates, i.e., Ca1−3x−yCoyxGd2x(MoO4)1−3x(WO4)3x (CCGMWO), where 0 < x ≤ 0.2, y = 0.02 and represents vacancy, were successfully [...] Read more.
A series of Co2+-doped and Gd3+-co-doped calcium molybdato-tungstates, i.e., Ca1−3x−yCoyxGd2x(MoO4)1−3x(WO4)3x (CCGMWO), where 0 < x ≤ 0.2, y = 0.02 and represents vacancy, were successfully synthesized by high-temperature solid-state reaction method. XRD studies and diffuse reflectance UV–vis spectral analysis confirmed the formation of single, tetragonal scheelite-type phases with space group I41/a and a direct optical band gap above 3.5 eV. Magnetic and electrical measurements showed insulating behavior with n-type residual electrical conductivity, an almost perfect paramagnetic state with weak short-range ferromagnetic interactions, as well as an increase of spin contribution to the magnetic moment and an increase in the power factor with increasing gadolinium ions in the sample. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy measurements and dielectric analysis in the frequency representation showed a relatively high value of dielectric permittivity at low frequencies, characteristic of a space charge polarization and small values of both permittivity and loss tangent at higher frequencies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetocaloric and Thermoelectric Properties of Inorganic Materials)
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16 pages, 4442 KiB  
Article
Copper Chalcogenide–Copper Tetrahedrite Composites—A New Concept for Stable Thermoelectric Materials Based on the Chalcogenide System
by Andrzej Mikuła, Krzysztof Mars, Paweł Nieroda and Paweł Rutkowski
Materials 2021, 14(10), 2635; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14102635 - 18 May 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2407
Abstract
For the first time, an alternative way of improving the stability of Cu-based thermoelectric materials is proposed, with the investigation of two different copper chalcogenide–copper tetrahedrite composites, rich in sulfur and selenium anions, respectively. Based on the preliminary DFT results, which indicate the [...] Read more.
For the first time, an alternative way of improving the stability of Cu-based thermoelectric materials is proposed, with the investigation of two different copper chalcogenide–copper tetrahedrite composites, rich in sulfur and selenium anions, respectively. Based on the preliminary DFT results, which indicate the instability of Sb-doped copper chalcogenide, the Cu1.97S–Cu12Sb4S13 and Cu2−xSe–Cu3SbSe3 composites are obtained using melt-solidification techniques, with the tetrahedrite phase concentration varying from 1 to 10 wt.%. Room temperature structural analysis (XRD, SEM) indicates the two-phase structure of the materials, with ternary phase precipitates embed within the copper chalcogenide matrix. The proposed solution allows for successful blocking of excessive Cu migration, with stable electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient values over subsequent thermal cycles. The materials exhibit a p-type, semimetallic character with high stability, represented by a near-constant power factor (PF)—temperature dependences between individual cycles. Finally, the thermoelectric figure-of-merit ZT parameter reaches about 0.26 (623 K) for the Cu1.97S–Cu12Sb4S13 system, in which case increasing content of tetrahedrite is a beneficial effect, and about 0.44 (623 K) for the Cu2−xSe–Cu3SbSe3 system, where increasing the content of Cu3SbSe3 negatively influences the thermoelectric performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetocaloric and Thermoelectric Properties of Inorganic Materials)
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11 pages, 1280 KiB  
Article
Influencing Martensitic Transition in Epitaxial Ni-Mn-Ga-Co Films with Large Angle Grain Boundaries
by Klara Lünser, Anett Diestel, Kornelius Nielsch and Sebastian Fähler
Materials 2020, 13(17), 3674; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13173674 - 20 Aug 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1989
Abstract
Magnetocaloric materials based on field-induced first order transformations such as Ni-Mn-Ga-Co are promising for more environmentally friendly cooling. Due to the underlying martensitic transformation, a large hysteresis can occur, which in turn reduces the efficiency of a cooling cycle. Here, we analyse the [...] Read more.
Magnetocaloric materials based on field-induced first order transformations such as Ni-Mn-Ga-Co are promising for more environmentally friendly cooling. Due to the underlying martensitic transformation, a large hysteresis can occur, which in turn reduces the efficiency of a cooling cycle. Here, we analyse the influence of the film microstructure on the thermal hysteresis and focus especially on large angle grain boundaries. We control the microstructure and grain boundary density by depositing films with local epitaxy on different substrates: Single crystalline MgO(0 0 1), MgO(1 1 0) and Al2O3(0 0 0 1). By combining local electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and global texture measurements with thermomagnetic measurements, we correlate a smaller hysteresis with the presence of grain boundaries. In films with grain boundaries, the hysteresis is decreased by about 30% compared to single crystalline films. Nevertheless, a large grain boundary density leads to a broadened transition. To explain this behaviour, we discuss the influence of grain boundaries on the martensitic transformation. While grain boundaries act as nucleation sites, they also lead to different strains in the material, which gives rise to various transition temperatures inside one film. We can show that a thoughtful design of the grain boundary microstructure is an important step to optimize the hysteresis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetocaloric and Thermoelectric Properties of Inorganic Materials)
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15 pages, 6090 KiB  
Article
Dipole Relaxation in Semiconducting Zn2−xMgxInV3O11 Materials (Where x = 0.0, 0.4, 1.0, 1.6, and 2.0)
by Tadeusz Groń, Monika Bosacka, Elżbieta Filipek, Sebastian Pawlus, Andrzej Nowok, Bogdan Sawicki, Henryk Duda and Jerzy Goraus
Materials 2020, 13(11), 2425; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13112425 - 26 May 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1887
Abstract
This paper reports on the electrical and broadband dielectric spectroscopy studies of Zn2−xMgxInV3O11 materials (where x = 0.0, 0.4, 1.0, 1.6, 2.0) synthesized using a solid-state reaction method. These studies showed n-type semiconducting properties with [...] Read more.
This paper reports on the electrical and broadband dielectric spectroscopy studies of Zn2−xMgxInV3O11 materials (where x = 0.0, 0.4, 1.0, 1.6, 2.0) synthesized using a solid-state reaction method. These studies showed n-type semiconducting properties with activation energies of 0.147–0.52 eV in the temperature range of 250–400 K, symmetric and linear I–V characteristics, both at 300 and 400 K, with a stronger carrier emission for the matrix and much less for the remaining samples, as well as the dipole relaxation, which was the slowest for the sample with x = 0.0 (matrix) and was faster for Mg-doped samples with x > 0.0. The faster the dipole relaxation, the greater the accumulation of electric charge. These effects were analyzed within a framework of the DC conductivity and the Cole–Cole fit function, including the solid-state density and porosity of the sample. The resistivity vs. temperature dependence was well fitted using the parallel resistor model. Our ab initio calculations also show that the bandgap increased with the Mg content. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetocaloric and Thermoelectric Properties of Inorganic Materials)
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10 pages, 4489 KiB  
Article
Heat Treatment and Formation of Magnetocaloric 1:13 Phase in LaFe11.4Si1.2Co0.4 Processed by Laser Beam Melting
by Jwalant Kagathara, Sandra Wieland, Eric Gärtner, Volker Uhlenwinkel and Matthias Steinbacher
Materials 2020, 13(3), 773; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13030773 - 7 Feb 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3747
Abstract
In recent years, magnetocaloric materials have been extensively studied as materials for use in alternative cooling systems. Shaping the magnetocaloric material to thin-walled heat exchanger structures is an important step to achieve efficient magnetocaloric cooling systems. In the present work, experimental investigations were [...] Read more.
In recent years, magnetocaloric materials have been extensively studied as materials for use in alternative cooling systems. Shaping the magnetocaloric material to thin-walled heat exchanger structures is an important step to achieve efficient magnetocaloric cooling systems. In the present work, experimental investigations were carried out on the heat treatment of LaFe11.4Si1.2Co0.4 alloy processed by Laser Beam Melting (LBM) technology. Due to the rapid solidification after melting, LBM results in a refined micro structure, which requires much shorter heat treatment to achieve a high percentage of magnetocaloric 1:13 phase compared to conventional cast material. The influence of the heat treatment parameters (temperature, time, and cooling rate) on the resulting microstructure has been extensively studied. In addition to the conventional heat treatment process, induction technology was investigated and the results were very promising in terms of achieving good magnetocaloric properties after short-time annealing. After only 15 min holding time at 1373 K, the magnetic entropy change (∆S) of -7.9 J/kg/K (0–2 T) was achieved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetocaloric and Thermoelectric Properties of Inorganic Materials)
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