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Mechanics of Materials—Forming, Characterization and Analysis of Residual Stress
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Mechanics of Materials—Forming, Characterization and Analysis of Residual Stress

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanics of Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2023) | Viewed by 6918

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Szymon Nosewicz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Information and Computational Science, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
Interests: numerical modeling in materials science; modeling of composites and multiphase materials; powder metallurgy; multiscale analysis; experimental validation of numerical methods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Marcin Chmielewski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Łukasiewicz Research Network, Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Center of Functional Materials, 133 Wólczyńska Str, 01-919 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: materials engineering; sintering; metal matrix composites; interface; thermal conductivity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is aimed at gathering and presenting the latest developments in the investigation of the residual stresses phenomenon. Contributions showing the forming mechanism of residual stress in complex structural materials (such as composites, metal alloys, concretes, coating–substrate systems, etc.) during the manufacturing process (powder metallurgy, additive manufacturing, casting, welding, severe plastic deformation, surface finishing) or exposure to harmful conditions (high or low temperature, thermal shocks, corrosion, extremal external loadings, etc.) are welcome. Applications of residual stress characterization within different numerical and experimental approaches are expected. Experimental investigations (XRD, neutron diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, nanoindentation, etc.) and modeling of material stresses, structural defects, deformations/distortion, cracking and, as a consequence, damage at various scales can be presented.

This Special Issue provides an excellent opportunity for those who study residual stress and aim to present their achievements. Research articles, review articles, and communications related to the above-mentioned topics are invited for this Special Issue.

Dr. Szymon Nosewicz
Prof. Dr. Marcin Chmielewski
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • residual stresses
  • thermal damage
  • material defects
  • multiphase materials
  • numerical modeling

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3486 KiB  
Article
Mechanical and Thermal Properties of W-Ta-B Coatings Deposited by High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS)
by Rafał Psiuk, Tomasz Mościcki, Justyna Chrzanowska-Giżyńska, Łukasz Kurpaska, Joanna Radziejewska, Piotr Denis, Dariusz Garbiec and Marcin Chmielewski
Materials 2023, 16(2), 664; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16020664 - 10 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1283
Abstract
We present the deposition and characterization of tungsten-tantalum diboride (W,Ta)B2 coatings prepared by the high-power impulse magnetron sputtering technique. We evaluated the influence of pulse duration and substrate bias on the properties of (W,Ta)B2 films. A high hardness of up to [...] Read more.
We present the deposition and characterization of tungsten-tantalum diboride (W,Ta)B2 coatings prepared by the high-power impulse magnetron sputtering technique. We evaluated the influence of pulse duration and substrate bias on the properties of (W,Ta)B2 films. A high hardness of up to 35 GPa measured by nanoindentation was simultaneously obtained with good elastic properties. Changing the pulse duration greatly affected the B/(W+Ta) atomic ratio, which influenced the properties of the coatings. The deposited films are thermally stable at up to 1000 °C in vacuum and are able to withstand oxidation at 500 °C. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanics of Materials—Forming, Characterization and Analysis of Residual Stress)
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18 pages, 4720 KiB  
Article
Numerical Simulation of Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Stress in Lightweight Refractory Concrete with Cenospheres
by Darius Mačiūnas, Szymon Nosewicz, Rimantas Kačianauskas, Renata Boris and Rimvydas Stonys
Materials 2023, 16(1), 190; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010190 - 25 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2268
Abstract
The main objective of this paper was to investigate the heat transfer of modified lightweight refractory concrete at the microscopic scale. In this work, such material was treated as a porous composite based on the compound of calcium aluminate cement and aluminosilicate cenospheres. [...] Read more.
The main objective of this paper was to investigate the heat transfer of modified lightweight refractory concrete at the microscopic scale. In this work, such material was treated as a porous composite based on the compound of calcium aluminate cement and aluminosilicate cenospheres. The presence of air inclusions within the cenospheres was an essential factor in the reduction in thermal performance. Due to the intricacy of the subject investigated, our research employed numerical, theoretical, and experimental approaches. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging was performed to study the composite microstructure with a special focus on geometry, dimensions, and the distribution of cenospheres. Based on the experimental analysis, simplified geometrical models were generated to reproduce the main features of the composite matrix and cenospheres. A finite element framework was used to determine the effective thermal conductivity of such domains as well as the thermal stresses generated in the sample during the heat flow. A considerable difference in thermal properties was revealed by comparing the simulation results of the pure composite matrix and the samples, indicating a varying arrangement of cenosphere particles. The numerical results were complemented by a theoretical study that applied analytical models derived from the two-phase mixture theory—parallel and Landauer. A satisfactory agreement between numerical and theoretical results was achieved; however, the extension of both presented approaches is required. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanics of Materials—Forming, Characterization and Analysis of Residual Stress)
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17 pages, 10411 KiB  
Article
Properties of Cold Sprayed Titanium and Titanium Alloy Coatings after Laser Surface Treatment
by Rafał Zybała, Bartosz Bucholc, Kamil Kaszyca, Krystian Kowiorski, Dominika Soboń, Wojciech Żórawski, Dorota Moszczyńska, Rafał Molak and Zbigniew Pakieła
Materials 2022, 15(24), 9014; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15249014 - 16 Dec 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1392
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) has seen remarkable development in recent years due to relatively high efficiency of the process. Cold spraying (CS) is a particular method of AM, in which titanium and titanium alloy powders are used. CS is a very competitive technology enabling [...] Read more.
Additive manufacturing (AM) has seen remarkable development in recent years due to relatively high efficiency of the process. Cold spraying (CS) is a particular method of AM, in which titanium and titanium alloy powders are used. CS is a very competitive technology enabling the deposition of coatings, repairing machine parts, and manufacturing new components. For specific applications, the surface of cold-sprayed materials may require further processing. This paper reports an attempt to employ laser surface treatment (LST) of cold-sprayed coatings on an aluminium alloy substrate. The influence of laser beam interaction time on the coatings’ properties was analysed. The microstructure was investigated and observed employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To evaluate residual stress after CS and LST, the sin2ψ technique was used. Investigations were also performed on Vickers hardness, contact angle, and surface roughness. Significant changes in the surface morphology of the coatings and elevated residual stress levels dependent on the laser beam interaction time were observed. Increased Vickers hardness was recorded for titanium alloy Ti6Al4V. LST also led to increased surface hydrophilicity of the modified materials Ti and Ti6Al4V. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanics of Materials—Forming, Characterization and Analysis of Residual Stress)
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21 pages, 9927 KiB  
Article
Possibilities to Use Physical Simulations When Studying the Distribution of Residual Stresses in the HAZ of Duplex Steels Welds
by Jaromír Moravec, Šárka Bukovská, Martin Švec and Jiří Sobotka
Materials 2021, 14(22), 6791; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14226791 - 10 Nov 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1242
Abstract
Dual phase steels combine very good corrosion resistance with relatively high values of mechanical properties. In addition, they can maintain good plastic properties and toughness at both room temperature and lower temperatures as well. Despite all the advantages mentioned above, their utility properties [...] Read more.
Dual phase steels combine very good corrosion resistance with relatively high values of mechanical properties. In addition, they can maintain good plastic properties and toughness at both room temperature and lower temperatures as well. Despite all the advantages mentioned above, their utility properties can be reduced by technological processing, especially by the application of the temperature cycles. As a result, in the material remain residual stresses with local stress peaks, which are quite problematic especially during cyclic loading. Moreover, determining the level and especially the distribution of such residual stresses is very difficult for duplex steels both due to the structure duality and in light of the very small width of the heat-affected zone (HAZ). This is why the paper presents the possibilities of using physical simulations to study the effect of temperature cycles in residual stresses’ magnitude and distribution, where it is possible to study the HAZ in more detail as well as on a much larger sample width due to the utilization of special samples. In the thermal–mechanical simulator Gleeble 3500, temperature-stress cycles were applied to testing samples, generating stress fields with local peaks in the testing samples. In addition, the supplied steel X2CrMnNiN21-5-1 had different phase rations in the individual directions. Therefore, as the residual stresses were measured in several directions and at the same time, it was possible to safely confirm the suitability of the used measurement method. Moreover, the effect of the stress and strain on the change of partial phases’ ratios was observed. It has been experimentally confirmed that annealing temperatures of at least 700 °C are required to eliminate local stress peaks after welding. However, an annealing temperature of 550 °C seems to be optimal to maintain sufficient mechanical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanics of Materials—Forming, Characterization and Analysis of Residual Stress)
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