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Biomimetic Multifunctional Composites for Hard Tissue Regeneration

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2021) | Viewed by 5066

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: crystallization of biologically relevant minerals; bioimplants for hard tissue regeneration; surfactants selfassembly; dynamic light scattering characterization of (bio)nanomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Zlin, Czech Republic
Interests: polymeric biomaterial—synthesis of biopolymers and biodegradable polymers; biodegradation of polymeric materials; preparation of polymeric gel and hydrogels for various application including food packaging; biomineralized scaffold preparation for bone tissue engineering and other biomedical applications

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Population aging and the modern way of life are resulting in an increased frequency of chronic diseases. Among the most significant chronic diseases, hard tissue (bone and teeth) diseases take a special place due to the fact that they are present in all age groups, significantly reduce patient quality of life, and influence society in general. Hard tissue diseases could be a consequence of physical trauma, birth defects, other diseases (cancer), and numerous other reasons. Often, the only treatment for such diseases is implantation, with the aim of regenerating the tissue that has become damaged or diseased. Increased quality of life, improvement of surgical techniques and increased confidence of the patient in implantation procedures are resulting in a constant increase in the number of patients willing to subject themselves to implantation procedures. Nowadays, that number is close to million people worldwide.

However, a number of implants fail prematurely. In addition, due to the continuous population aging, many patients are outliving their implants. Although the frequency of the failures is not high, it is costly. The solution of such problems is being sought in the development of multifunctional materials which, in addition to replacing missing tissue and/or enabling its regeneration as well as having improved mechanical properties, act as local drug delivery system

This is not an easy task, as a single material could not satisfy all the conditions put on the “ideal” biomaterial and, therefore, the solution is being sought in composite materials. This choice is additionally motivated by nature, since expectational functionalities of hard tissues can be ascribed to them essentially being composite organic–inorganic materials.

Another constraint placed on any new biomaterial is that, in addition to high quality, it should be cost-effective in order to be available to as many patients as possible. These apparently opposing demands could both be met by using simple biomimetic methods of preparation.

In this Special Issue, novel trends in the development, characterization, and synthesis of composite materials either mimicking hard tissues in their architecture and/or being produced by biomimetic methods will be presented.

It is my pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript for publication in this Special Issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are all welcome.

Dr. Maja Dutour Sikirić
Prof. Nabanita Saha
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • biomimetics
  • biomineralization
  • biomaterials
  • nanocomposites
  • hard tissue implants
  • biomineralized polymeric hydrogel scaffold
  • preparation methods
  • physicochemical and structural characterization
  • biological characterization

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 6128 KiB  
Article
Structural Characterization Analyses of Low Brass Filler Biomaterial for Hard Tissue Implanted Scaffold Applications
by Yan Yik Lim, Azizi Miskon, Ahmad Mujahid Ahmad Zaidi, Megat Mohamad Hamdan Megat Ahmad and Muhamad Abu Bakar
Materials 2022, 15(4), 1421; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15041421 - 15 Feb 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 2110
Abstract
A biomaterial was created for hard tissue implanted scaffolds as a translational therapeutic approach. The existing biomaterials containing titanium dioxide filler posed a risk of oxygen gas vacancy. This will block the canaliculars, leading to a limit on the nutrient fluid supply. To [...] Read more.
A biomaterial was created for hard tissue implanted scaffolds as a translational therapeutic approach. The existing biomaterials containing titanium dioxide filler posed a risk of oxygen gas vacancy. This will block the canaliculars, leading to a limit on the nutrient fluid supply. To overcome this problem, low brass was used as an alternative filler to eliminate the gas vacancy. Low brass with composition percentages of 0%, 2%, 5%, 15%, and 30% was filled into the polyester urethane liquidusing the metallic filler polymer reinforced method. The structural characterizations of the low brass filler biomaterial were investigated by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy. The results showed the surface membrane strength was higher than the side and cross-section. The composition shapes found were hexagon for polyester urethane and peanut for low brass. Low brass stabilised polyester urethane in biomaterials by the formation of two 5-ringed tetrahedral crystal structures. The average pore diameter was 308.9 nm, which is suitable for articular cartilage cells. The pore distribution was quite dispersed, and its curve had a linear relationship between area and diameter, suggestive of the sphere-shaped pores. The average porosities were different between using FESEM results of 6.04% and the calculated result of 3.28%. In conclusion, this biomaterial had a higher surface membrane strength and rather homogeneous dispersed pore structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Multifunctional Composites for Hard Tissue Regeneration)
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15 pages, 4617 KiB  
Article
Biomimetic Growth of Hydroxyapatite on SiO2 Microspheres to Improve Its Biocompatibility and Gentamicin Loading Capacity
by Alejandra E. Herrera-Alonso, María C. Ibarra-Alonso, Sandra C. Esparza-González, Sofía Estrada-Flores, Luis A. García-Cerda and Antonia Martínez-Luévanos
Materials 2021, 14(22), 6941; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14226941 - 17 Nov 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2381
Abstract
The interest in multifunctional biomaterials to be implanted are also able to release drugs that reduce pain and inflammation or prevent a possible infection has increased. Bioactive materials such as silica (SiO2) containing surface silanol groups contribute to the nucleation and [...] Read more.
The interest in multifunctional biomaterials to be implanted are also able to release drugs that reduce pain and inflammation or prevent a possible infection has increased. Bioactive materials such as silica (SiO2) containing surface silanol groups contribute to the nucleation and growth of hydroxyapatite (HAp) in a physiological environment. Regarding biocompatibility, the spherical shape of particles is the desirable one, since it does not cause mechanical damage to the cell membrane. In this work, the synthesis of SiO2 microspheres was performed by the modified Stöber method and they were used for the biomimetic growth of HAp on their surface. The effect of the type of surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and polyethylene glycol (PEG)), and heat treatment on the morphology and size of SiO2 particles was investigated. Monodisperse, spherical-shaped SiO2 microparticles with an average particle size of 179 nm, were obtained when using PEG (SiO2-PEG). The biomimetic growth of HAp was performed on this sample to improve its biocompatibility and drug-loading capacity using gentamicin as a model drug. Biomimetic growth of HAp was confirmed by FTIR-ATR, SEM-EDX and TEM techniques. SiO2-PEG/HAp sample had a better biocompatibility in vitro and gentamicin loading capacity than SiO2-PEG sample. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Multifunctional Composites for Hard Tissue Regeneration)
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