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Improving Bone Tissue Engineering and Regeneration at the Biological and Biomaterials Level

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Stéphane Durual

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Guest Editor

Biomaterials Laboratory, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, The University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
Interests: bone and soft tissue regeneration; endosseous implantology; 3D-printing

Dr. Laurine Marger

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Guest Editor Assistant

Biomaterials Laboratory, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, The University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
Interests: bone and soft tissue regeneration; antibacterial implantology; dental resins adhesion

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bone regeneration, with the rapid advances in tissue engineering, is at the dawn of a new era. Technical progress, particularly with 3D printing adapted or not to the patients' bone defects, now makes it possible to consider not only manufacturing purely bone grafts but also and above all combinations with adjacent tissues, without forgetting the vascularization. An all-in-one graft, with perfect architecture, osteo-conductive, -inductive and -genic, pre-vascularized and multi-tissue... and why not! We should not forget either the pharmacological-, restorative-, bone cementing and fixation-, endosseous implantology- approaches, etc. In this Special Issue, we will propose an overview of the progress made in this field, both in terms of the biology of bone regeneration and the biomaterials used to achieve it.

Dr. Stéphane Durual
Guest Editor

Dr. Laurine Marger
Guest Editor Assistant

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Keywords

bone regeneration biology
bone tissue engineering
biomaterials
scaffolds
endosseous implants
3D-printing
bone fixation

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 9565 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Identification of Type-H-like Blood Vessels in a Dynamic and Controlled Model of Osteogenesis in Rabbit Calvarium

by Laurine Marger, Nicolas Liaudet, Susanne S. Scherrer, Nicolo-Constantino Brembilla, Olivier Preynat-Seauve, Daniel Manoil, Mustapha Mekki and Stéphane Durual

Materials 2022, 15(13), 4703; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15134703 - 5 Jul 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1711

Abstract

Angiogenesis and bone regeneration are closely interconnected processes. Whereas type-H blood vessels are abundantly found in the osteogenic zones during endochondral long bone development, their presence in flat bones’ development involving intramembranous mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we hypothesized that type-H-like capillaries that highly express CD31 and Endomucin (EMCN), may be present at sites of intramembranous bone development and participate in the control of osteogenesis. A rabbit model of calvarial bone augmentation was used in which bone growth was controlled over time (2–4 weeks) using a particulate bone scaffold. The model allowed the visualization of the entire spectrum of stages throughout bone growth in the same sample, i.e., active ossification, osteogenic activity, and controlled inflammation. Using systematic mRNA hybridization, the formation of capillaries subpopulations (CD31–EMCN staining) over time was studied and correlated with the presence of osteogenic precursors (Osterix staining). Type-H-like capillaries strongly expressing CD31 and EMCN were identified and described. Their presence increased gradually from the regenerative zone up to the osteogenic zone, at 2 and 4 weeks. Type-H-like capillaries may thus represent the initial vascular support encountered in flat bones’ development and which organize osteogenic niches. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Bone Tissue Engineering and Regeneration at the Biological and Biomaterials Level)

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Review

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18 pages, 5109 KiB

Open AccessReview

Screw Osteointegration—Increasing Biomechanical Resistance to Pull-Out Effect

by Bogdan Costăchescu, Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu, Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu and Daniel Mihai Teleanu

Materials 2023, 16(16), 5582; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16165582 - 11 Aug 2023

Viewed by 1010

Abstract

Spinal disorders cover a broad spectrum of pathologies and are among the most prevalent medical conditions. The management of these health issues was noted to be increasingly based on surgical interventions. Spinal fixation devices are often employed to improve surgery outcomes, increasing spinal stability, restoring structural integrity, and ensuring functionality. However, most of the currently used fixation tools are fabricated from materials with very different mechanical properties to native bone that are prone to pull-out effects or fail over time, requiring revision procedures. Solutions to these problems presently exploited in practice include the optimal selection of screw shape and size, modification of insertion trajectory, and utilization of bone cement to reinforce fixation constructs. Nevertheless, none of these methods are without risks and limitations. An alternative option to increasing biomechanical resistance to the pull-out effect is to tackle bone regenerative capacity and focus on screw osteointegration properties. Osteointegration was reportedly enhanced through various optimization strategies, including use of novel materials, surface modification techniques (e.g., application of coatings and topological optimization), and utilization of composites that allow synergistic effects between constituents. In this context, this paper takes a comprehensive path, starting with a brief presentation of spinal fixation devices, moving further to observations on how the pull-out strength can be enhanced with existing methods, and further focusing on techniques for implant osteointegration improvement. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Bone Tissue Engineering and Regeneration at the Biological and Biomaterials Level)

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