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Recent Advances in Nanodiamond and Nanocarbon
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Recent Advances in Nanodiamond and Nanocarbon

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Carbon Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2023) | Viewed by 9280

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Chia-Liang Cheng

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Guest Editor
Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan
Interests: nanobiotechnology; nano materials; diamond and carbon related materials; Fourier transform spectroscopy; Raman spectroscopy; surface and material sciences
Dr. Elena Perevedentseva

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan
Interests: nanodiamond and nano-carbon physical-chemical properties; carbon and plasmonic nanostructures bioapplication; nanoparticles interaction with biological systems and nanosafety; applications of luminescence spectroscopy and raman spectroscopy in bio-medical research; high resolution optical microscopy; biological imaging and visualization in micro- and nanoscale

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carbon nanomaterials including nanodiamond, ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) thin films, carbon nanodots, nanocarbon particles, etc. exhibit remarkable potential in diverse areas of research and application owing to their unique material, physical, optical, and surface chemical properties. In the last two decades, increasing attention has been given to carbon nanomaterials, which has led to versatile new applications in surface coatings, quantum information and semiconductor devices, and surface functionalization for various applications in bio-imaging and drug delivery. For these applications, the growth and characterization of materials are crucial.

This Special Issue aims to cover recent advances in the field of carbon nanostructure, ranging from material growth/production and characterization to applications and beyond. The optimization of nanodiamond production/deposition methods, thin film preparations, dispersed nanoparticles, functionalization of surfaces with targeted applications, nanosensors, catalysis, electronic devices, and biocidal coating highlight the development of this material. The latest advances in defect engineering and color center on nanodiamond, quantum technology based on carbon and boron nitrides, as well as devices for power electronics, energy harvest/storage photoelectronics, and sensors. Surface functionalization for bio-imaging and drug delivery, and targeting applications in cellular, animal, and tissue models combining the multimodalities of nanodiamond and detection technology, such as FLIM, OCT, etc., are of interest as they are representative of the potential for specific and controlled drug targeting/delivery, reduced toxicity while maintaining therapeutic effects, and development of new and safer medicine, which are of vital importance to medicine and healthcare.

Prof. Dr. Chia-Liang Cheng
Dr. Elena Perevedentseva
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • carbon nanostructure growth and characterization
  • chemical/physical properties of carbon nanostructure
  • diamond electronic engineering
  • power device and energy storage
  • photoelectronic and devices
  • defect centers and manipulation
  • spintronic of defect centers
  • quantum computing and devices
  • surface of nanodiamond and bioconjugation
  • nanodiamond for bio-imaging
  • biomedical application of nanodiamond
  • controlled drug delivery

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3856 KiB  
Article
Effect of Titanium and Molybdenum Cover on the Surface Restructuration of Diamond Single Crystal during Annealing
by Alexander V. Okotrub, Olga V. Sedelnikova, Dmitriy V. Gorodetskiy, Anastasiya D. Fedorenko, Igor P. Asanov, Yury N. Palyanov, Alina V. Lapega, Olga A. Gurova and Lyubov G. Bulusheva
Materials 2023, 16(4), 1650; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041650 - 16 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1715
Abstract
Diamond is an important material for electrical and electronic devices. Because the diamond is in contact with the metal in these applications, it becomes necessary to study the metal–diamond interaction and the structure of the interface, in particular, at elevated temperatures. In this [...] Read more.
Diamond is an important material for electrical and electronic devices. Because the diamond is in contact with the metal in these applications, it becomes necessary to study the metal–diamond interaction and the structure of the interface, in particular, at elevated temperatures. In this work, we study the interaction of the (100) and (111) surfaces of a synthetic diamond single crystal with spattered titanium and molybdenum films. Atomic force microscopy reveals a uniform coating of titanium and the formation of flattened molybdenum nanoparticles. A thin titanium film is completely oxidized upon contact with air and passes from the oxidized state to the carbide state upon annealing in an ultrahigh vacuum at 800 °C. Molybdenum interacts with the (111) diamond surface already at 500 °C, which leads to the carbidization of its nanoparticles and catalytic graphitization of the diamond surface. This process is much slower on the (100) diamond surface; sp2-hybridized carbon is formed on the diamond and the top of molybdenum carbide nanoparticles, only when the annealing temperature is raised to 800 °C. The conductivity of the resulting sample is improved when compared to the Ti-coated diamond substrates and the Mo-coated (111) substrate annealed at 800 °C. The presented results could be useful for the development of graphene-on-diamond electronics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanodiamond and Nanocarbon)
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14 pages, 5208 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Few-Layer Graphene on the Complex of Hardness, Strength, and Thermo Physical Properties of Polymer Composite Materials Produced by Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D Printing
by Sergey Kidalov, Alexander Voznyakovskii, Aleksei Vozniakovskii, Sofia Titova and Yvgenii Auchynnikau
Materials 2023, 16(3), 1157; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16031157 - 29 Jan 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1932
Abstract
The results of studying the effect of particles of few-layer graphene (FLG) synthesized by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) on the complex of strength and thermo physical properties of polymer composite products obtained by digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing are presented. It was [...] Read more.
The results of studying the effect of particles of few-layer graphene (FLG) synthesized by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) on the complex of strength and thermo physical properties of polymer composite products obtained by digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing are presented. It was discovered to achieve an increase in thermophysical and strength parameters of polymers modified by FLG compared with samples made on the unmodified base resin. This result was achieved due to low defectiveness, namely the absence of Stone–Wales defects in the structure of FLG due to the homogeneous distribution of FLG over the volume of the polymer in the form of highly dispersed aggregates. It was possible to increase hardness by 120%, bending strength by 102%, Charpy impact strength by 205%, and thermal conductivity at 25 °C by 572% at concentrations of few-layer graphene of no more than 2 wt. %. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanodiamond and Nanocarbon)
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20 pages, 5423 KiB  
Article
X-ray Excited Optical Luminescence of Eu in Diamond Crystals Synthesized at High Pressure High Temperature
by Vasily T. Lebedev, Fedor M. Shakhov, Alexandr Ya. Vul, Arcady A. Zakharov, Vladimir G. Zinoviev, Vera A. Orlova and Eduard V. Fomin
Materials 2023, 16(2), 830; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16020830 - 15 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1458
Abstract
Powder diamonds with integrated europium atoms were synthesized at high pressure (7.7 GPa) and temperature (1800 °C) from a mixture of pentaerythritol with pyrolyzate of diphthalocyanine (C64H32N16Eu) being a special precursor. In diamonds prepared by X-ray fluorescence [...] Read more.
Powder diamonds with integrated europium atoms were synthesized at high pressure (7.7 GPa) and temperature (1800 °C) from a mixture of pentaerythritol with pyrolyzate of diphthalocyanine (C64H32N16Eu) being a special precursor. In diamonds prepared by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, we have found a concentration of Eu atoms of 51 ± 5 ppm that is by two orders of magnitude greater than that in natural and synthetic diamonds. X-ray diffraction, SEM, X-ray exited optical luminescence, and Raman and IR spectroscopy have confirmed the formation of high-quality diamond monocrystals containing Eu and a substantial amount of nitrogen (~500 ppm). Numerical simulation has allowed us to determine the energy cost of 5.8 eV needed for the incorporation of a single Eu atom with adjacent vacancy into growing diamond crystal (528 carbons). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanodiamond and Nanocarbon)
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8 pages, 4388 KiB  
Article
CVD Nanocrystalline Diamond Film Doped with Eu
by Elena B. Yudina, Alexander E. Aleksenskii, Sergey A. Bogdanov, Sergey S. Bukalov, Larisa A. Leites, Dmitry B. Radishev, Anatoly L. Vikharev and Alexander Y. Vul’
Materials 2022, 15(16), 5788; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15165788 - 22 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1429
Abstract
This paper submits experimental results of a study directed towards the formation of Eu ions’ luminescent centers in CVD diamond films. A new approach is based on use of diamond nanoparticles with a surface modified with Eu ions for seeding at CVD growth. [...] Read more.
This paper submits experimental results of a study directed towards the formation of Eu ions’ luminescent centers in CVD diamond films. A new approach is based on use of diamond nanoparticles with a surface modified with Eu ions for seeding at CVD growth. Nanocrystalline diamond films (NCD) doped with Eu have been grown from the gas phase on silicon substrates by microwave plasma-assisted CVD at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. The photoluminescence spectra clearly show several electronic transitions of the Eu3+ ions, which confirm the incorporation of Eu ions into the NCD film. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanodiamond and Nanocarbon)
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19 pages, 3688 KiB  
Article
Towards N–N-Doped Carbon Dots: A Combined Computational and Experimental Investigation
by Chiara Olla, Stefania Porcu, Francesco Secci, Pier Carlo Ricci and Carlo Maria Carbonaro
Materials 2022, 15(4), 1468; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15041468 - 16 Feb 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2062
Abstract
The introduction of N doping atoms in the carbon network of Carbon Dots is known to increase their quantum yield and broaden the emission spectrum, depending on the kind of N bonding introduced. N doping is usually achieved by exploiting amine molecules in [...] Read more.
The introduction of N doping atoms in the carbon network of Carbon Dots is known to increase their quantum yield and broaden the emission spectrum, depending on the kind of N bonding introduced. N doping is usually achieved by exploiting amine molecules in the synthesis. In this work, we studied the possibility of introducing a N–N bonding in the carbon network by means of hydrothermal synthesis of citric acid and hydrazine molecules, including hydrated hydrazine, di-methylhydrazine and phenylhydrazine. The experimental optical features show the typical fingerprints of Carbon Dots formation, such as nanometric size, excitation dependent emission, non-single exponential decay of photoluminescence and G and D vibrational bands in the Raman spectra. To explain the reported data, we performed a detailed computational investigation of the possible products of the synthesis, comparing the simulated absorbance spectra with the experimental optical excitation pattern. The computed Raman spectra corroborate the hypothesis of the formation of pyridinone derivatives, among which the formation of small polymeric chains allowed the broad excitation spectra to be experimentally observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nanodiamond and Nanocarbon)
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