Anti-Neurodegenerative Agents from Natural Resources

A special issue of Medicines (ISSN 2305-6320).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2018) | Viewed by 6479

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Center for Bioresource and Health, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Korea
Interests: application on dopamine biosynthesis and catabolism; signaling pathway of L-DOPA-induced oxidative neurotoxicity; ameliorative agents for neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and memory deficits, Parkinson’s disease, affective disorders (anxiety and depression), chronic pain, and sleeping disorders, have been gradually increased by aging, and their symptoms should be relieved for quality of life of the patients. Various pharmacological agents have been developed to manage these diseases, but some of the long-term therapy carry significant adverse effects. Due to the limitations of medication, patients resort to complementary and alternative medicines and one of the medicines used is natural herbal resources/medicines.   

Recently, many bioactive components from natural resources have been reported that relive the symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the clinical applications of these components as mono- and combination-therapies and adjuvant agents still remain undeveloped. These reasons might be raised as the bioactive components are not able to show the desirable efficacy and may also induce the neurotoxicity by their long-term administrations in the animal models and clinical trials. The natural resources for neurodegenerative diseases can be proved the functional efficacy in order to develop as the candidates for herbal medicines, adjuvant agents and adjunctive phytonutrient agents.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to publish original research work related to the “Anti-Neurodegenerative Agents from Natural Resources”, mainly on protective activities of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, excitoxicity, apoptosis and cell death, and protein aggregation and misfolding. Papers should contribute significantly to furthering scientific knowledge in the above-mentioned scientific fields.

Prof. Dr. Myung Koo Lee
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • evidence-based and adjuvant medicines
  • adjunctive phytonutrient agents
  • oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction
  • neuroinflammation and excitoxicity
  • apoptosis and cell death
  • clinical application

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 1839 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Anti-Cholinesterase and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Moringa oleifera Plants from Rivers State, Niger Delta, Nigeria
by Lucky Legbosi Nwidu, Ekramy Elmorsy, Jonah Sydney Aprioku, Iyeopu Siminialayi and Wayne Grant Carter
Medicines 2018, 5(3), 71; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines5030071 - 5 Jul 2018
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 5691
Abstract
This study evaluated Moringa oleifera extracts from two locations in Niger Delta for in vitro anti-cholinesterase and antioxidant activities. Methanolic, aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Moringa oleifera were evaluated for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, antioxidant properties, and total phenolic and flavonoid contents [...] Read more.
This study evaluated Moringa oleifera extracts from two locations in Niger Delta for in vitro anti-cholinesterase and antioxidant activities. Methanolic, aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Moringa oleifera were evaluated for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, antioxidant properties, and total phenolic and flavonoid contents using standard procedures. M. oleifera extracts possessed significant and concentration dependent AChE inhibitory activity for methanolic, aqueous, and ethanolic extracts. For the most potent extracts, the percentage AChE inhibition/IC50 (µg/mL) values were Moringa oleifera root methanolic extracts (MORME): ~80%/0.00845; Moringa oleifera root ethanolic extract 1 (MOREE1): ~90%/0.0563; Moringa oleifera root ethanolic extract 2 (MOREE2): ~70%/0.00175; and Moringa oleifera bark ethanolic extract (MOBEE): ~70%/0.0173. The descending order of AChE inhibitory potency of plant parts were: root > bark > leaf > flowers > seed. All M. oleifera methanolic extracts at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL displayed significant (p < 0.05–0.001) DPPH radical scavenging activity, with values of ~20–50% of that of ascorbic acid. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid content (TPC/TFC) of MORME, Moringa Oju bark methanolic extract (MOBME), MOREE1, MOREE2 and Moringa leaf ethanolic leaf extract (MLEE) were (287/254), (212/113), (223/185), (203/343) and (201/102) mg gallic acid equivalents/g and quercetin equivalents/g, respectively. There was an inverse correlation between plant extract AChE inhibition and total phenolic (p < 0.0001) and total flavonoid contents (p < 0.0012). In summary, this study revealed 5 of 19 extracts of M. oleifera that have potent in vitro anti-cholinesterase and antioxidant activities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Neurodegenerative Agents from Natural Resources)
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