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Metals
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Corrosion and Protection of Metals and Alloys and Electrochemical Evaluation
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Corrosion and Protection of Metals and Alloys and Electrochemical Evaluation

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Corrosion and Protection".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 13842

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Andronikos Balaskas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 HeroonPolytechniou St., Zographos, Athens, GR-15773, Greece
Interests: Corrosion protection;Aluminium alloys;Electrochemistry;Environmentally-friendly corrosion inhibitors;Coatings

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

An enormous effort has been focused on the development of new technologies for corrosion protection of metal materials. New environmentally-friendly technologies and advanced materials will lead the way in the next century. State of the art technologies for metals corrosion protection for various applications such as energy, transport, and construction are currently of high interest. Corrosion protection and characterization for estimation of lifetime of metals is enormous priority for engineering.

The investigation of corrosion mechanism, the corrosion protection mechanism of new technologies, environmentally-friendly corrosion inhibitors, coatings on metals, advanced materials are subjects highly related with this Special Issue on Corrosion and Protection of Metals. Articles related on all aspects of corrosion are invited to contribute to this Special Issue.

 

Dr. Andronikos Balaskas
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Corrosion of aluminium alloys 
  • Corrosion inhibition 
  • Environmentally-friendly corrosion inhibitors 
  • Organic coatings on aluminium alloys 
  • Corrosion evaluation with electrochemical methods

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 31814 KiB  
Article
Effect of N2–H2 Ratio during Conventional Plasma Nitriding of Intermetallic FeAl40 Alloy on Electrochemical Corrosion Parameters in Sulphuric Acid
by Ngoc Minh Le, Marcel Mandel, Lutz Krüger, Horst Biermann and Anke Dalke
Metals 2022, 12(4), 649; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12040649 - 11 Apr 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1463
Abstract
The intermetallic alloy FeAl40 was plasma nitrided at 575 ∘C for 4 h while varying the N2–H2 gas mixture with nitrogen contents fN2 between 0.1 and 0.9. The effect of the gas mixture on the resulting structure [...] Read more.
The intermetallic alloy FeAl40 was plasma nitrided at 575 ∘C for 4 h while varying the N2–H2 gas mixture with nitrogen contents fN2 between 0.1 and 0.9. The effect of the gas mixture on the resulting structure of the nitrided FeAl40 and the associated electrochemical corrosion behaviour in a 0.25 M H2SO4 (pH = 0.3) electrolyte were investigated using different complementary analytical methods such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray spectroscopy, electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), electrochemical polarisation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Nitriding significantly changed the corrosion mechanism of FeAl40 alloys in acidic environments, ranging from consistently high material loss in untreated base material to strongly inhibited material loss. This phenomenon was the result of a corrosion product layer formed on nitrided FeAl40 during the corrosion process. Therefore, plasma nitriding reduced the corrosion rate to about 5–7 mm/year compared with 22 mm/year of the untreated FeAl40 base material. A high nitrogen content in the N2–H2 plasma of more than fN2 = 0.3 ensured the formation of protective nitrided layers on FeAl40. In addition, an approach to explaining the effect of the nitrided layer on FeAl materials was presented on the basis of thermodynamic considerations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Protection of Metals and Alloys and Electrochemical Evaluation)
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12 pages, 1955 KiB  
Article
An Accurate Model of the Corrosion Current Density of Coatings Using an Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System
by Hesham Alhumade and Hegazy Rezk
Metals 2022, 12(3), 392; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12030392 - 24 Feb 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1686
Abstract
Corrosion resistance coating is fabricated using epoxy/glass flake (E/GF) composites and is utilized to prolong the lifespan of cold-rolled steel (CRS) metal substrates. An in situ synthesis approach was adopted to prepare the composite coating at different levels of synthesis parameters, including a [...] Read more.
Corrosion resistance coating is fabricated using epoxy/glass flake (E/GF) composites and is utilized to prolong the lifespan of cold-rolled steel (CRS) metal substrates. An in situ synthesis approach was adopted to prepare the composite coating at different levels of synthesis parameters, including a load of filler and coating thickness. In addition, this work shows the effects of the chemical functionalization of the filler on the corrosion protection property of the epoxy/functional glass flake (E/FGF) composite coatings. The effects of the modification of the filler, as well as the other synthesis parameters, on the corrosion resistance property are evaluated using a potentiodynamic polarization technique. Here, the corrosion resistance property is evaluated based on the observed current density. The primary goal of this work is to present an accurate model of corrosion current density (CCD). By using measured data, a precise model, which simulates the corrosion resistance properties of the coatings, has been created by an adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) in terms of glass flake loading, chemical functionalization, and coating thickness. The obtained results revealed good agreement between ANFIS-based modelling and the measured dataset. The root mean square errors of the prediction model were 8.1391 × 10−8 and 0.0104 for training and testing, respectively. The coefficient of determination (R2) values of the ANFIS output were found to be 1.0 and 0.9997 for training and testing, respectively. To prove the superiority of the ANFIS-based model of CCD, the achieved results were compared with an analysis of variance (ANOVA). ANOVA utilizes a linear regression approach to get the model. Thanks to ANFIS, compared with ANOVA, the values of R2 are increased by 10% and 18.6% for the training and testing phases, respectively. Finally, the accuracy of the ANFIS model of corrosion current density is validated experimentally. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Protection of Metals and Alloys and Electrochemical Evaluation)
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11 pages, 3740 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Pitting Corrosion of Modified Martensitic Stainless Steel in CO2 Environment Using Point Defect Model
by Ahmed Bahgat Radwan, Abdraman M. Moussa, Noora H. Al-Qahtani, Raymundo Case, Homero Castaneda, Aboubakr M. Abdullah, Muhsen A. M. El-Haddad, Jolly Bhadra and Noora Jabor Al-Thani
Metals 2022, 12(2), 233; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12020233 - 26 Jan 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3178
Abstract
Pitting corrosion is a significant concern for the broader application of stainless steel in modern industries in which metal and metal alloy are detached preferentially from susceptible parts on the surface, resulting in the creation of holes in passivated alloys that are exposed [...] Read more.
Pitting corrosion is a significant concern for the broader application of stainless steel in modern industries in which metal and metal alloy are detached preferentially from susceptible parts on the surface, resulting in the creation of holes in passivated alloys that are exposed to an aqueous, neutral electrolyte containing corrosive species. Exposure of SS to brines leads to the localized loss of surface passivity and the onset of isolated pitting, which render the equipment or piping unfit for service. In the present study, the passive layer behavior and the pitting corrosion of the modified martensitic stainless steel (MMSS) were evaluated in a saturated CO2 environment (pH~5) with different NaCl concentrations and temperatures, using various electrochemical techniques. It was found that by increasing the temperature up to 60 °C, the corrosion resistance of the MMSS increased; however, the corrosion rate dramatically increased at 80 °C, indicating the destruction of the oxide layer. According to the point defect model (PDM) results, the calculated values of polarizability (α), metal cation diffusivity (D), and the rate of annihilation of cation vacancies (jm), reveal a strong dependence on the solution temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Protection of Metals and Alloys and Electrochemical Evaluation)
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15 pages, 7561 KiB  
Article
Effect of Carbonitride Precipitates on the Corrosion Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels under Operating Conditions of Oil-Field Pipelines
by Irina Rodionova, Andrey Amezhnov, Ekaterina Alekseeva, Yuliya Gladchenkova and Irina Vasechkina
Metals 2021, 11(5), 766; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11050766 - 7 May 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1571
Abstract
An investigation into the corrosion resistance of steels with various contents of carbon and microalloying elements was carried out. It was shown that the presence of a large amount of nanosized (2–3 nm and less) precipitates of the interphase type, particularly niobium carbonitride [...] Read more.
An investigation into the corrosion resistance of steels with various contents of carbon and microalloying elements was carried out. It was shown that the presence of a large amount of nanosized (2–3 nm and less) precipitates of the interphase type, particularly niobium carbonitride and vanadium carbonitride, leads to a decrease in the corrosion resistance of hot-rolled sheet products. It was found that, after heat treatment of rolled products at 710 °C, the corrosion resistance of the metal is improved. One of the reasons for this is a decrease in the amount of interphase precipitates, which negatively affect the corrosion resistance of steel, while particles formed in austenite and ferrite do not have such an effect. To ensure high corrosion resistance of steels for oil-field pipelines, microalloying with niobium instead of vanadium is advisable, as well as heat treatment at temperatures above 710 °C. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Protection of Metals and Alloys and Electrochemical Evaluation)
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19 pages, 8774 KiB  
Article
Stress Corrosion Cracking Probability of Selective Laser Melted 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel under the Effect of Grinding Induced Residual Stresses
by Arshad Yazdanpanah, Mattia Lago, Claudio Gennari and Manuele Dabalà
Metals 2021, 11(2), 327; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11020327 - 13 Feb 2021
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 2497
Abstract
Surface quality and dimensional tolerances of the selective laser melting (SLM) process are not good enough for many industrial applications and grinding as a common finishing process introduces many surface modifications. Investigation on the effect of grinding induced surface residual stress (RS) on [...] Read more.
Surface quality and dimensional tolerances of the selective laser melting (SLM) process are not good enough for many industrial applications and grinding as a common finishing process introduces many surface modifications. Investigation on the effect of grinding induced surface residual stress (RS) on early stages of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of SLM manufactured 316L austenitic stainless steel was conducted. Potentiodynamic and galvanostatic tests in a 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution, XRD, SEM and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis were performed. For annealed and specimens with a low RS magnitude, the dominant observation was pit initiation from existing pores and growth in the build direction. For specimens with medium RS level, SCC initiation from pore sites and propagation along melt pool boundaries and for specimens with the highest detected RS, crack initiation from melt pool boundaries, grains, machining marks, and pore sites were observed. Cracks propagated in different directions, i.e., along melt pool boundaries, near-surface transgranular, and transgranular through columnar microstructure. Galvanostatic tests showed three distinctive regions that corresponded to crack and pit initiation and growth. The synergistic effect of high dislocation density along melt pool boundaries, stress concentration in pore sites, molybdenum segregation, and surface RS was the cause of SCC susceptibility of specimens with high RS magnitude. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Protection of Metals and Alloys and Electrochemical Evaluation)
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8 pages, 2393 KiB  
Article
Effect of Cr Addition on Magnetic Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Optimized Co and Fe-Based Amorphous Alloys
by Jonghee Han, Jihyun Hong, Seoyeon Kwon and Haein Choi-Yim
Metals 2021, 11(2), 304; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11020304 - 9 Feb 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2181
Abstract
In the Fe-Co alloy system, the addition of Cr improves the glass-forming ability (GFA) with superior soft magnetic properties such as high saturation magnetization (Ms) and low coercivity (Hc). In addition, Cr is considered to be an important factor [...] Read more.
In the Fe-Co alloy system, the addition of Cr improves the glass-forming ability (GFA) with superior soft magnetic properties such as high saturation magnetization (Ms) and low coercivity (Hc). In addition, Cr is considered to be an important factor for improving the corrosion resistance of Fe-based amorphous alloy. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the GFA, soft magnetic properties, and corrosion resistance of the as-spun ribbons in [Co0.075Fe0.675B0.2Si0.05]100−xCrx (x = 0–8) alloy system. The ribbons were produced using the melt-spinning technique and were characterized by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermomechanical analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometer. The Co-Fe-B-Si-Cr alloys exhibited high thermal stability and a high Ms of 0.93–1.53 T. Corrosion properties were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry. The addition of Cr improved the corrosion resistance of the alloys. The alloys with a higher Cr content exhibited a higher corrosion resistance. The optimum combination with soft magnetic properties and corrosion resistance of Fe-co based amorphous alloys can be utilized for extensive fields of application through a variation of Cr contents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Protection of Metals and Alloys and Electrochemical Evaluation)
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