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Metals
Special Issues
Nano-Mechanical Behavior and Phase Transformation of High Strength Steels
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Nano-Mechanical Behavior and Phase Transformation of High Strength Steels

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Metal Casting, Forming and Heat Treatment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2022) | Viewed by 7488

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Binbin He

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Interests: alloy design; 3D printing; deformation mechanisms; solid state phase transformation; mechanical properties
Dr. Zhiyuan Liang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
Interests: dislocations; deformation twinning; small-scale mechanics; dynamic behavior; strengthening mechanisms

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Despite fierce competition from various metallic materials (aluminum, titanium, etc.), steels remain the most widely used structural materials for broad engineering applications including automotive, aerospace and defense. The competitiveness of steels lies in their vast property space, particularly in the domain of high strength and good ductility (or toughness), which derives from the versatile constituting phases such as bainite, martensite, ferrite, pearlite, austenite, and many others. The size of constituting phases in high strength steels spans over a few orders of magnitude, ranging from nano-bainite (~20 nm), sub-micron martensite (~200 nm) to ultrafine/coarse-grained ferrite (~1 mm–50 mm).

Tailoring of overall mechanical properties requires the understanding of the mechanical behaviors and underlying deformation mechanisms of individual phases, which is usually particularly challenging for conventional bulk characterization techniques. Fortunately, with the development of load- and depth-sensing nano-mechanical testing techniques, the respective mechanical behaviors of constituting phases in steels have been gradually revealed in recent decades. The present Special Issue is thus set up to rejuvenate this research direction to deepen the understanding of the microstructure–property relation of advanced high strength steels so that new steel grades can be designed to tackle the tough problems (e.g., the strength–ductility/toughness trade-off) on the resource-limited Earth.

Prof. Dr. Binbin He
Dr. Zhiyuan Liang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Nano-Mechanical Behavior
  • Microstructure-Property Relation
  • Dislocation Plasticity
  • Transformation-Induced Plasticity
  • Twinning-Induced Plasticity
  • Advanced High-Strength Steels
  • Deformation Mechanisms

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 5512 KiB  
Article
The Erosion–Corrosion Behavior of Eutectic High Chromium Cast Irons Reinforced by TiC Particles
by Tian-Quan Tu, Shen-Lin Liu, Kai-Hong Zheng, Boris B. Khina, Artur I. Pokrovsky and Zhi-Chao Luo
Metals 2022, 12(4), 598; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12040598 - 30 Mar 2022
Viewed by 1987
Abstract
In this work, high chromium cast irons (HCCIs) reinforced by TiC particles are designed and fabricated to improve the erosion–corrosion and wear resistances of materials for the pumping and handling applications. The TiC particles are formed by the in situ solidification method. The [...] Read more.
In this work, high chromium cast irons (HCCIs) reinforced by TiC particles are designed and fabricated to improve the erosion–corrosion and wear resistances of materials for the pumping and handling applications. The TiC particles are formed by the in situ solidification method. The experimental results show that the hardness of as-cast HCCIs is improved significantly with TiC volume fraction. It can be as high as 63 HRC when the TiC volume fraction is 9.8%. The introduction of TiC increases the abrasive wear resistance of the HCCIs in both as-cast and heat-treated states. However, it is unexpected to find that the presence of TiC significantly reduces the erosion–corrosion performance. It suggests that corrosion-enhanced erosion is the dominant mechanism that controls the mass loss of the TiC-strengthened HCCIs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-Mechanical Behavior and Phase Transformation of High Strength Steels)
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10 pages, 2192 KiB  
Article
Crystal Orientation Dependence of the Portevin–Le Chatelier Effect in Instrumented Indentation: A Case Study in Twinning-Induced Plasticity Steels
by Xiuxing Peng, Lingyu Wang, Wei Xu and Zhiyuan Liang
Metals 2022, 12(3), 439; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12030439 - 2 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2031
Abstract
Instrumented indentation can be effectively used to investigate the Portevin–Le Chatelier (PLC) effect at small scales. It has been shown that the PLC effect in single crystals may depend on the crystal orientation, yet the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, the orientation dependence [...] Read more.
Instrumented indentation can be effectively used to investigate the Portevin–Le Chatelier (PLC) effect at small scales. It has been shown that the PLC effect in single crystals may depend on the crystal orientation, yet the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, the orientation dependence of the PLC effect was systematically studied by conducting instrumented indentation tests in the [001]-, [101]- and [111]-oriented grains of a polycrystalline twinning-induced plasticity steel. It is found that the crystal orientation does not affect the PLC effect at relatively high indentation strain rates. In contrast, there is a strong orientation dependence at lower rates, with enhanced difficulty in the formation of serrations in the order of the [001], [111] and [101] orientations. This finding contradicts the previous proposals of the orientation effects, which are associated with the dislocation waiting time. On the basis of both the orientation and rate effects observed here, we proposed that the crystal orientation influences the occurrence of serrations in instrumented indentation by affecting the number of activated slip systems and, therefore, the probability of finding sufficient dislocation sources to accommodate the plastic avalanche. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-Mechanical Behavior and Phase Transformation of High Strength Steels)
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Review

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29 pages, 9026 KiB  
Review
Recent Progress in Understanding the Nano/Micro-Mechanical Behavior of Austenite in Advanced High Strength Steels
by Qingwen Guan, Wenjun Lu and Binbin He
Metals 2021, 11(12), 1927; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11121927 - 29 Nov 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2626
Abstract
Advanced high strength steels (AHSS) are developed to reduce vehicle weight without sacrificing passenger safety. The newly developed AHSS frequently incorporates the austenite as the intrinsic component with large amount and good stability, which is realized by carefully designed alloying elements and thermo-mechanical [...] Read more.
Advanced high strength steels (AHSS) are developed to reduce vehicle weight without sacrificing passenger safety. The newly developed AHSS frequently incorporates the austenite as the intrinsic component with large amount and good stability, which is realized by carefully designed alloying elements and thermo-mechanical processing. To explore the great potential of austenite in enhancing the strain hardening behavior of AHSS, detailed information on the mechanical behavior of single austenite grain is a prerequisite, which can be collected by a small-scale test. The present work reviews the recent progress in understanding the nano/micro-mechanical behavior of austenite in varied AHSS. Three different plasticity modes including dislocation plasticity, martensitic transformation, and deformation twinning can be observed in the austenite grains during small-scale tests, given proper stacking fault energy and crystal orientation. The remaining issues concerned with the nano/micro-mechanical behavior of austenite are discussed. The present review advances the general understanding of the nano/micro-mechanical behavior of austenite grains in AHSS, which may shed light on the precise austenite engineering with the development of new AHSS, realizing the dream of high-performance steels at low cost. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-Mechanical Behavior and Phase Transformation of High Strength Steels)
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