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Metals
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Laser Treatment of Metallic Materials
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Laser Treatment of Metallic Materials

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Biobased and Biodegradable Metals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 9563

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Vicente Amigó Borrás

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Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
Interests: biomedical alloys; powder metallurgy; titanium alloys; surface treatments; corrosion and tribocorrosion; biocompatibility
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Conrado Ramos Moreira Afonso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos - SP, Brazil
Interests: surface treatments; metallurgy; beta titanium alloys; microstructural characterization; scanning (SEM)/transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue will cover the most innovative topics and strategies currently being followed in the laser treatment of metallic materials surfaces. With laser treatments, the surface properties of metallic materials can be modified, inducing phase transformations and improving mechanical properties among others, which are necessary for different applications in many industrial sectors, mainly in the aeronautical, automotive, energy, or biomedical sectors. These laser treatments can vary from heat treatments modifying the properties of steels, until modifying the surface chemical composition by laser alloying, or laser surface melting that can allow the modification to a metastable microstructure and the stabilization of different phases. Finally, the development of coatings by laser cladding can not only increase the surface properties against corrosion and wear, but also allow the recovery of the surfaces and improve their properties at the same time.

Therefore, it is not only necessary to understand the modification of the mechanical properties on the metallic materials surface, but also how the beam interacts with matter, changing the microstructure of the metallic alloys with its solidification and cooling kinetics and its relationship with the final surface properties obtained. Not only from the point of view of corrosion, oxidation, tribocorrosion, and wear but also in its surface properties regarding interaction with biological tissues for biomedical applications.

Prof. Dr. Vicente Amigó Borrás
Prof. Dr. Conrado Ramos Moreira Afonso
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Laser-Induced Heat Treatment
  • Laser Treatment of Porous Metals
  • Laser Alloying
  • Laser Cladding
  • Composites Coatings by Laser
  • Laser in Additive Manufacturing: Metals
  • Post-Processing of Laser Coatings
  • Wear Properties
  • Oxidation of Laser Coatings
  • Corrosion and Tribocorrosion
  • Biocompatibility of Coatings
  • Microstructural Modifications by Laser
  • Mechanical Properties of Laser Coatings

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 7113 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Laser Treatment as a Method for Fatigue Crack Growth Retardation in Aluminum Alloy 2198-T851
by Cauê Pettermann Carvalho, Milton Sergio Fernandes de Lima, Viktor Pastoukhov and Carlos Antonio Reis Pereira Baptista
Metals 2021, 11(12), 2034; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11122034 - 15 Dec 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1981
Abstract
Among the third-generation Al-Li alloys, AA2198 stands out for its lower density, formability and increased stiffness, being suitable for use in aircraft fuselage sheets and other inner structures in order to reduce weight and improve performance. An important topic related to damage tolerant [...] Read more.
Among the third-generation Al-Li alloys, AA2198 stands out for its lower density, formability and increased stiffness, being suitable for use in aircraft fuselage sheets and other inner structures in order to reduce weight and improve performance. An important topic related to damage tolerant structures is the development of techniques to retard fatigue crack propagation, such as the localized heating by a laser source. The aim of the present work was to find the most suitable parameters for the production of laser heating lines in 2198-T851 alloy sheets in order to reduce the fatigue crack growth rate in this material. Laboratory tests using C(T) specimens under two loading conditions (R = 0.1 and 0.5) provided a useful dataset on the laser heated material. The experimental results indicate a 200 W laser beam power at treatment speeds of 1 and 10 mm/s was sufficient to retard crack growth in the current setup. The more expressive results were obtained for 200 W laser power with a speed of 1 mm/s and cyclic loading with stress ratio R = 0.1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Treatment of Metallic Materials)
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18 pages, 16795 KiB  
Article
Impact of Laser Texturing on Ni-Based Single Crystal Superalloys
by Lucille Despres, Sophie Costil, Jonathan Cormier, Patrick Villechaise and Romain Cariou
Metals 2021, 11(11), 1737; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111737 - 30 Oct 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1873
Abstract
Surface laser texturing is used to ensure mechanical anchoring and strengthen adhesion between the interfaces of bond coatless thermal barrier coating system. To anticipate a possible loss of mechanical properties and to adapt to the perpetual evolutions of chemical compositions of the system, [...] Read more.
Surface laser texturing is used to ensure mechanical anchoring and strengthen adhesion between the interfaces of bond coatless thermal barrier coating system. To anticipate a possible loss of mechanical properties and to adapt to the perpetual evolutions of chemical compositions of the system, we analyzed the microstructural evolutions of different Ni-based single crystal superalloys, induced during infrared nanosecond laser ablation. Localized asperities composed of a melted, re-solidified matter, with a different microstructure from that of the bulk material, were generated. Regarding asperity morphologies, recrystallization within the latter could be avoided. Then, to compare different Ni-base single crystal superalloys, the thermal-affected volumes were characterized for two patterns textured under different energetic conditions. It seems that all the studied single crystal superalloys behaved quite similarly during nanosecond laser ablation. Finally, according to these results, ablation kinetics between the γ and γ′ phases of Ni-based superalloys could not be homogeneous. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Treatment of Metallic Materials)
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9 pages, 3428 KiB  
Article
Real-Time Monitoring of Laser Cleaning for Hot-Rolled Stainless Steel by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
by Xing Li and Yingchun Guan
Metals 2021, 11(5), 790; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11050790 - 13 May 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2665
Abstract
Laser cleaning is a competitive alternative to ablate and remove the hard oxide layer on hot-rolled stainless steel. To meet the practical demand, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied for real-time monitoring of the cleaning process in this study. Furthermore, the as-received and [...] Read more.
Laser cleaning is a competitive alternative to ablate and remove the hard oxide layer on hot-rolled stainless steel. To meet the practical demand, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied for real-time monitoring of the cleaning process in this study. Furthermore, the as-received and laser cleaned surfaces were characterized by an optical micrograph, an X-ray diffractometer, and a laser scanning confocal microscope. The results showed the relative intensity ratio (RIR) of the FeI emission line at 520.9 nm and the CrI emission line at 589.2 could be a quantitative index to monitor the cleaning process. When the oxide layer was not fully cleaned, the LIBS signals of the substrate were not excited, and the ratio was almost invariant as the power of the laser increased. However, it sharply increased once the oxide layer was effectively cleaned, the cleaned surface was bright, and the surface roughness was smaller in this case. Subsequently, as the surface was over-cleaned with the further increase of laser power, the RIR value remained large. The optimal laser cleaning parameters obtained by the monitoring were determined to avoid re-oxidation and reduce the roughness of the cleaned surface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Treatment of Metallic Materials)
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20 pages, 7164 KiB  
Article
Laser Surface Modification in Ti-xNb-yMo Alloys Prepared by Powder Metallurgy
by Inmaculada Tendero, Mariana Correa Rossi, Mauricio Viera, José Manuel Amado, María José Tobar, Ángel Vicente, Armando Yañez and Vicente Amigó
Metals 2021, 11(2), 367; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11020367 - 22 Feb 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2264
Abstract
The main objective was to study the effect of surface modification by laser on Ti-Nb-Mo powder metallurgical alloys to improve their mechano-chemical behavior and their application as a biomedical implant. The used powder mixtures were produced in an inert atmosphere. Uniaxial compaction took [...] Read more.
The main objective was to study the effect of surface modification by laser on Ti-Nb-Mo powder metallurgical alloys to improve their mechano-chemical behavior and their application as a biomedical implant. The used powder mixtures were produced in an inert atmosphere. Uniaxial compaction took place at 600 MPa with high-vacuum sintering at 1250 °C for 3 h. The specimens for the three-point flexure test were prepared and their mechanical properties determined. Microstructural characterization was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to obtain the distribution of phases, porosity, size, and shape of the grains of each alloy. Corrosion behavior was evaluated by electrochemical tests using an artificial saliva electrolyte modified from Fusayama at 37 °C. Chemical characterization was completed by analyzing the ionic release by Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-EOS) after immersion for 730 h in Fusayama solution modified with NaF at 37 °C to simulate a 20-year life span based on a daily 2-min cycle of three toothbrushes. Corrosion behavior confirmed promising possibilities for the biomedicine field. The surface porosity of the samples not submitted to surface treatment deteriorated properties against corrosion and ion release. The obtained phase was β, with a low α”-martensite percentage. The maximum resistance to bending was greater after surface fusion. Plastic deformations were above 7% under some conditions. Microhardness came close to 300 HV in heat-affected zone (HAZ) and 350 HV in fusion zone (FZ) (under the determined condition. The elastic modulus lowered by around 10%. The corrosion rate was lower in Ti-27Nb-8Mo and Ti-35Nb-6Mo. Niobium release was significant, but below the physiological limit. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Treatment of Metallic Materials)
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