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Metals
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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys
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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021) | Viewed by 13301

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Vladislav B. Deev

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Metal Forming, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Moscow, Russia
Interests: solidification; structure; aluminum alloys; casting processes; technology; physical effects on melts; aluminum matrix composite materials; high-entropy alloys; quality improvement; processing of melts; properties of alloys; resource saving
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aluminum alloys are currently one of the most widespread structural materials used in all industries—aerospace, shipbuilding, automotive, building and construction, food industry, etc.—and their production volume is increasing every year. This is caused by the fact that aluminum alloys have a low density, high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and good mechanical properties. The complex of mechanical properties of aluminum alloys is determined by their microstructure, which, in turn, depends on the composition, technology for producing the alloy, and its heat treatment.

It is generally accepted that aluminum alloys are divided into wrought and casting alloys, while the technologies for producing cast billets and shaped products used in industry are very diverse.

In this Special Issue, we will consider different technologies for producing cast and wrought aluminum alloys and their influence on the formation of structure and mechanical properties. We will also cover the influence of crystallization and solidification processes on alloys’ structure, the influence of heat treatment on phase composition, and the properties of alloys. Attention will also be paid to resource-efficient technologies for the production and processing of aluminum alloys (including physical methods of melts processing, the use of grain refining elements, and purification the melts from metallic and nonmetallic inclusions) and their effect on the properties of cast products. A separate section will also be devoted to 3D modeling, digital technologies, and software packages aimed at using numerical calculations for cast product design, research of melting and crystallization processes, and development of compositions of aluminum alloys with the required structure and mechanical properties.

We invite experts from the academic and industrial communities to participate in our Special issue, which will allow us to share experience, bring original scientific results, and outline ways for further development of research in the presented areas.

Prof. Dr. Vladislav B. Deev
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aluminum alloys
  • microstructure
  • phase composition
  • mechanical properties
  • crystallization
  • solidification
  • heat treatment
  • manufacturing technology
  • ingots
  • castings

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 101903 KiB  
Article
The Casting Rate Impact on the Microstructure in Al–Mg–Si Alloy with Silicon Excess and Small Zr, Sc Additives
by Evgenii Aryshenskii, Maksim Lapshov, Sergey Konovalov, Jurgen Hirsch, Vladimir Aryshenskii and Svetlana Sbitneva
Metals 2021, 11(12), 2056; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11122056 - 19 Dec 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2249
Abstract
The study investigates the effect of casting speed on the solidification microstructure of the aluminum alloy Al0.3Mg1Si with and without the additions of zirconium and scandium. Casting was carried out in steel, copper, and water-cooled chill molds with a [...] Read more.
The study investigates the effect of casting speed on the solidification microstructure of the aluminum alloy Al0.3Mg1Si with and without the additions of zirconium and scandium. Casting was carried out in steel, copper, and water-cooled chill molds with a crystallization rate of 20 °C/s, 10 °C/s, and 30 °C/s, respectively. For each casting mode, the grain structure was investigated by optical microscopy and the intermetallic particles were investigated by scanning and transmission microscopy; in addition, measurements of the microhardness and the electrical conductivity were carried out. An increase in the solidification rate promotes grain refinement in both alloys. At the same time, the ingot cooling rate differently affects the number of intermetallic particles. In an alloy without scandium–zirconium additives, an increase in the ingot cooling rate leads to a decrease in the number of dispersoids due to an increase in the solubility of the alloying elements in a supersaturated solid solution. With the addition of scandium and zirconium, the amount of dispersoids increases slightly. This is because increasing the solubility of the alloying elements in a supersaturated solid solution is leveled by a growth of the number of grain boundaries, promoting the formation of particles of the (AlSi)3ScZr type, including those of the L12 type. In addition, the increase in the crystallization rate increases the number of primary nonequilibrium intermetallic particles which have a eutectic nature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys)
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12 pages, 6963 KiB  
Article
Microstructure and Phase Formation of Novel Al80Mg5Sn5Zn5X5 Light-Weight Complex Concentrated Aluminum Alloys
by Jon Mikel Sanchez, Alejandro Pascual, Iban Vicario, Joseba Albizuri, Teresa Guraya and Haize Galarraga
Metals 2021, 11(12), 1944; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11121944 - 1 Dec 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2467
Abstract
In this work, three novel complex concentrated aluminum alloys were developed. To investigate the unexplored region of the multicomponent phase diagrams, thermo-physical parameters and the CALPHAD method were used to understand the phase formation of the Al80Mg5Sn5Zn [...] Read more.
In this work, three novel complex concentrated aluminum alloys were developed. To investigate the unexplored region of the multicomponent phase diagrams, thermo-physical parameters and the CALPHAD method were used to understand the phase formation of the Al80Mg5Sn5Zn5Ni5, Al80Mg5Sn5Zn5Mn5, and Al80Mg5Sn5Zn5Ti5 alloys. The ingots of the alloys were manufactured by a gravity permanent mold casting process, avoiding the use of expensive, dangerous, or scarce alloying elements. The microstructural evolution as a function of the variable element (Ni, Mn, or Ti) was studied by means of different microstructural characterization techniques. The hardness and compressive strength of the as-cast alloys at room temperature were studied and correlated with the previously characterized microstructures. All the alloys showed multiphase microstructures with major α-Al dendritic matrix reinforced with secondary phases. In terms of mechanical properties, the developed alloys exhibited a high compression yield strength up to 420 MPa, high compression fracture strength up to 563 MPa, and elongation greater than 12%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys)
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23 pages, 8320 KiB  
Article
Effect of ECAP on the Plastic Strain Homogeneity, Microstructural Evolution, Crystallographic Texture and Mechanical Properties of AA2xxx Aluminum Alloy
by M. El-Shenawy, Mohamed M. Z. Ahmed, Ahmed Nassef, Medhat El-Hadek, Bandar Alzahrani, Yasser Zedan and W. H. El-Garaihy
Metals 2021, 11(6), 938; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11060938 - 9 Jun 2021
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 3428
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) processing on the structural evolution and mechanical properties of AA2xxx aluminum alloy. Finite element analysis (FE) was used to study the deformation behavior of the AA2xxx billets during processing in addition [...] Read more.
This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) processing on the structural evolution and mechanical properties of AA2xxx aluminum alloy. Finite element analysis (FE) was used to study the deformation behavior of the AA2xxx billets during processing in addition investigate the strain homogeneity in the longitudinal and transverse direction. Billets of AA2011 aluminum alloy were processed successfully through ECAP up to 4-passes with rotating the sample 90° along its longitudinal axis in the same direction after each pass (route Bc) at 150 °C. The microstructural evolution and crystallographic texture were analyzed using the electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) and optical microscopy (OM). An evaluation of the hardness and tensile properties was presented and correlated with the EBSD findings and FE simulations. The FE analysis results were in good agreement with the experimental finding and microstructural evolution. Processing through 4-passes produced an ultrafine-grained structure (UFG) and a recrystallized fine grain dominated the structure coupled with a geometric grain subdivision which indicated by grain refining and very high density of substructures. This reduction in grain size was coupled with an enhancement in the hardness, tensile strength by 66.6%, and 52%, respectively compared to the as-annealed counterpart. Processing through 1-pass and 2-passes resulted in a strong texture with significant rotation for the texture components whereas 4-passes processing led to losing the symmetry of the texture with significant reduction in the texture intensity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys)
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30 pages, 22949 KiB  
Article
Investigation of the Intermetallic Compounds Fragmentation Impact on the Formation of Texture during the as Cast Structure Thermomechanical Treatment of Aluminum Alloys
by Evgenii Aryshenskii, Jurgen Hirsch and Sergey Konovalov
Metals 2021, 11(3), 507; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11030507 - 19 Mar 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3224
Abstract
In this work, the influence of the intermetallic particle fragmentation during hot rolling of the as cast structure on the evolution of textures in aluminum alloys 8011, 5182 and 1565 was investigated. For this purpose, laboratory multi-pass rolling of the cast material was [...] Read more.
In this work, the influence of the intermetallic particle fragmentation during hot rolling of the as cast structure on the evolution of textures in aluminum alloys 8011, 5182 and 1565 was investigated. For this purpose, laboratory multi-pass rolling of the cast material was carried out. At various degrees of hot rolling deformation, the process was stopped, and the metal was quenched and sent for optical and electron microscopy to investigate the large intermetallic particles. In addition, the grain structure was studied and an X-ray analysis was carried out in order to determine the main texture components. Some of the samples were held at a temperature above the recrystallization threshold and then cooled in air; the grain structure and texture composition were also studied. In addition, the simulation of the texture evolution was carried out under various modes of rolling of aluminum alloys, taking into account the process of fragmentation of intermetallic particles. The investigation showed that intermetallic compounds with a deformation degree of 1.8, on average, decrease the particle size by 5–7 times. The large eutectic particles remaining after homogenization are drawn out in the direction of deformation and are crushed, increasing their number accordingly. Therefore, the most favorable stage for the formation of recrystallization nuclei on particles is the moment when they are already numerous and their sizes are much larger than subgrains. Simulation of hot rolling of the investigated alloys showed that considering the factor of fragmentation of intermetallic particles during hot deformation of the as-cast structure significantly increases the accuracy of the results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys)
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