Novel 3D Display Technology towards Metaverse

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "E:Engineering and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 8055

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
Interests: 3D display; HUDs; nano-optical devices; nanofabrication

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Three-dimensional display has been humankind’s dream since the birth of science. The fast-growing field of photonics, optoelectronics, and computer science has attracted broad interest in 3D development. We have never been so close to our dream of creating realistic virtual environments. Nevertheless, there are still significant challenges in 3D display. For example, the critical parameters such as field of view, resolution, 3D depth, and form factor cannot currently be satisfied simultaneously. In this Special Issue, particular focus will be paid to 3D-display-related optics and novel micro-nano technology. Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

(1) Novel 3D display architecture, hardware and applications;

(2) Novel micro-nano optical technology for 3D display;

(3) Novel optical devices for 3D display (especially welcome);

(4) 3D imaging and 3D display technology. 

Please note that the papers of this Special Issue should be based on the scope of Micromachines; please refer to: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/micromachines/about

We look forward to receiving your contributions. 

Prof. Dr. Wen Qiao
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • volumetric 3D display
  • holography
  • near eye display
  • head up display
  • light field display, autostereoscopic 3D display
  • novel optical devices
  • retinal display

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 9788 KiB  
Article
Directionally Illuminated Autostereoscopy with Seamless Viewpoints for Multi-Viewers
by Aiqin Zhang, Xuehao Chen, Jiahui Wang, Yong He and Jianying Zhou
Micromachines 2024, 15(3), 403; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15030403 - 16 Mar 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1172
Abstract
Autostereoscopy is usually perceived at finite viewpoints that result from the separated pixel array of a display system. With directionally illuminated autostereoscopy, the separation of the illumination channel from the image channel provides extra flexibility in optimizing the performance of autostereoscopy. This work [...] Read more.
Autostereoscopy is usually perceived at finite viewpoints that result from the separated pixel array of a display system. With directionally illuminated autostereoscopy, the separation of the illumination channel from the image channel provides extra flexibility in optimizing the performance of autostereoscopy. This work demonstrates that by taking advantage of illumination freedom, seamless viewpoints in the sweet viewing region, where the ghosting does not cause significant discomfort, are realized. This realization is based on illuminating the screen with a polyline array of light emitting diodes (LEDs), and continuous viewpoints are generated through independent variation in the radiance of each individual LED column. This new method is implemented in the directionally illuminated display for both single and multiple viewers, proving its effectiveness as a valuable technique for achieving a high-quality and high-resolution autostereoscopic display with seamless viewpoints. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel 3D Display Technology towards Metaverse)
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11 pages, 8640 KiB  
Article
Viewing-Angle-Enhanced and Dual-View Compatible Integral Imaging 3D Display Based on a Dual Pinhole Array
by Hui Deng, Guojiao Lv, Huan Deng and Zesheng Liu
Micromachines 2024, 15(3), 381; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15030381 - 13 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1059
Abstract
Conventional integral imaging (InIm) three-dimensional (3D) display has the defect of a small viewing angle and usually presents a single 3D image. In this paper, we propose a viewing-angle-enhanced and dual-view compatible InIm 3D display system. The crosstalk pixel areas within the conventional [...] Read more.
Conventional integral imaging (InIm) three-dimensional (3D) display has the defect of a small viewing angle and usually presents a single 3D image. In this paper, we propose a viewing-angle-enhanced and dual-view compatible InIm 3D display system. The crosstalk pixel areas within the conventional elemental images (EIs) that result in image crosstalk were effectively utilized either for viewing angle enhancement or for dual-view 3D display. In the viewing-angle-enhanced 3D display mode, a composite elemental image (CEI) that consisted of a normal EI and two view-enhanced EIs was imaged by a dual pinhole array and formed an extended 3D viewing area. A precisely designed mask array was introduced to block the overlapped rays between adjacent viewing areas to eliminate image crosstalk. While in the dual-view 3D display mode, a CEI was composed of image information of two different 3D scenes. With the help of the dual pinhole array and mask array, two different 3D images were reconstructed for the left and right perspectives. Experiments demonstrated that both the left and right sides were increased by 6 degrees from the conventional 3D viewing angle, and also, a dual-view 3D display effect that retains the same viewing angle as the conventional system was achieved. The proposed system has a compact structure and can be freely switched between two display modes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel 3D Display Technology towards Metaverse)
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11 pages, 3431 KiB  
Communication
An Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode Pixel Circuit Featuring Mobility Compensation for Portable Applications
by Ching-Lin Fan, Wei-Yu Lin and Shih-Yang Liu
Micromachines 2023, 14(9), 1785; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14091785 - 18 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1611
Abstract
A 6T1C pixel circuit based on low-temperature polycrystalline oxide (LTPO) technology for portable active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display applications is proposed in this paper. For superior high-end portable applications including 4K high resolution and high PPI (pixels per inch), the proposed pixel [...] Read more.
A 6T1C pixel circuit based on low-temperature polycrystalline oxide (LTPO) technology for portable active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display applications is proposed in this paper. For superior high-end portable applications including 4K high resolution and high PPI (pixels per inch), the proposed pixel circuit employs a single storage capacitor and signal sharing switch-control design and provides low-voltage driving and immunity to the IR-drop issue and OLED degradation. Furthermore, the threshold voltage and mobility-compensating capabilities are improved by both compensation mechanisms, which are based on a negative feedback system, and mobility-related compensation parameters. Simulation results reveal that threshold voltage variations of ±0.33 V in the driving thin-film transistors can be well sensed and compensated while the maximum OLED current shift is 4.25%. The maximum variation in OLED currents within all gray levels is only 1.05% with mobility variations of ±30%. As a result, the proposed 6T1C pixel circuit is a good candidate for portable AMOLED display usage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel 3D Display Technology towards Metaverse)
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Review

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17 pages, 3830 KiB  
Review
Automotive Augmented Reality Head-Up Displays
by Chen Zhou, Wen Qiao, Jianyu Hua and Linsen Chen
Micromachines 2024, 15(4), 442; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15040442 - 26 Mar 2024
Viewed by 3567
Abstract
As the next generation of in-vehicle intelligent platforms, the augmented reality heads-up display (AR-HUD) has a huge information interaction capacity, can provide drivers with auxiliary driving information, avoid the distractions caused by the lower head during the driving process, and greatly improve driving [...] Read more.
As the next generation of in-vehicle intelligent platforms, the augmented reality heads-up display (AR-HUD) has a huge information interaction capacity, can provide drivers with auxiliary driving information, avoid the distractions caused by the lower head during the driving process, and greatly improve driving safety. However, AR-HUD systems still face great challenges in the realization of multi-plane full-color display, and they cannot truly achieve the integration of virtual information and real road conditions. To overcome these problems, many new devices and materials have been applied to AR-HUDs, and many novel systems have been developed. This study first reviews some key metrics of HUDs, investigates the structures of various picture generation units (PGUs), and finally focuses on the development status of AR-HUDs, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of existing technologies, and points out the future research directions for AR-HUDs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel 3D Display Technology towards Metaverse)
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