Clay Minerals: From Paleoclimatic and Paleoenvironmental Indicators to Industrial Raw Materials

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Clays and Engineered Mineral Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 May 2025 | Viewed by 783

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
Interests: clay minerals from a geological and industrial point of view; clay minerals and their isotopic composition as palaeolcimatic indicators; clay minerals as raw materials in the refractory industry

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Guest Editor
Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, Faculty of Geosciences, Complutense University of Madrid, C/Jose António Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: clay minerals from a geological point of view; crystal-chemistry of clay minerals; VNIR- SWIR spectroscopy of clay minerals; physical-chemical properties of clay minerals

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Guest Editor
Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
Interests: low-grade metamorphism in clastic materials, crystalchemical and textural characterization of shales by high resolution techniques (HRTEM, SEM); phyllosilicate changes in low-T environments; mineralogical and geochemical characterization of ferruginous materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Clays and clay minerals constitute important mineral resources from both scientific and industrial perspectives. The genesis of clay minerals take place when low-temperature aqueous solutions interact with rocks on the Earth’s surface. Certain factors such as the environment, the temperature, the amount of water available, or the type of weathered rock determine the clay minerals formed. Therefore, clay minerals can provide information about the paleoclimate or paleoenvironment under which they were formed. On the other hand, clays are also materials of great industrial and economic interest. Currently, clays are used in many types of industries since they constitute important components used in the manufacturing of many products, such as plastics, paper, cement, absorbent materials, ceramic and refractory materials, among others. The physical and chemical characterization of different clays (e.g., kaolin, smectites, fibrous clays) is of great interest since their industrial applications are closely related to their structure and composition. We invite you to contribute to this Special Issue of Minerals entitled “Clay Minerals: From Paleoclimatic and Paleoenvironmental Indicators to Industrial Raw Materials”.

Dr. Elisa Laita
Dr. Javier García-Rivas
Dr. Isabel Abad
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • paleoclimate
  • paleoenvironment
  • weathering
  • industrial clays
  • kaolin
  • fibrous clays

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

28 pages, 7345 KiB  
Article
Palaeoclimatic Inferences from Clayey-Iron Palaeosols: A Weathering Event Recorded in the Middle–Upper Jurassic Unconformity (South Iberian Palaeomargin, Western Tethys)
by Elisa Laita, Isabel Abad and Matías Reolid
Minerals 2024, 14(8), 741; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14080741 - 24 Jul 2024
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Abstract
The study of iron crusts containing iron-coated grains from different sections of the Prebetic (SE Iberia) and the overlying marine sedimentary rocks also containing iron-coated grains in the Prebetic and the Iberian Range (NE Iberia) allowed us to determine the palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental [...] Read more.
The study of iron crusts containing iron-coated grains from different sections of the Prebetic (SE Iberia) and the overlying marine sedimentary rocks also containing iron-coated grains in the Prebetic and the Iberian Range (NE Iberia) allowed us to determine the palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental conditions under which they originated. The iron crusts are mainly composed of clay minerals (kaolinite and illitic phases) and/or goethite and hematite. The kaolinite texture indicates that it is authigenic, whereas the illitic phases are probably detrital. The mineralogy and texture of the iron crusts allow us to classify them as plinthitic palaeosols. The iron-coated grains consisting of a nucleus and a cortex, both composed of a mixture of kaolinite, goethite, and hematite, originated in situ during the plinthite development. Reworking processes caused the fragmentation and incorporation of the iron-coated grains into the overlying ferruginous oolithic limestones and terrigenous-carbonated breccia. New marine iron-coated grains formed later in the ferruginous oolithic limestones. The high Chemical Index of Alteration and Chemical Index of Weathering values and the geochemical ratios (Ba/Sr, Rb/Sr, Sr/Cu, Ga/Rb) from iron deposits reflect intense weathering under warm and humid conditions in the South Iberian Palaeomargin during the Callovian–Oxfordian, which may also take place in the East Iberian Palaeomargin (Iberian Range). Full article
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