Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
4.1
2.2
Journals
Minerals
Special Issues
Application of Fluxes in Submerged Arc Welding
share announcement

Application of Fluxes in Submerged Arc Welding

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystallography and Physical Chemistry of Minerals & Nanominerals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 February 2023) | Viewed by 1881

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Theresa Coetsee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
Interests: pyrometallurgy; process mineralogy; process development

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Flux design for submerged arc welding (SAW) applications varies according to the specific application, such as fluxes for cladding and hardfacing applications vs. fluxes for the joining of metals in fabrication. Flux chemistry and mineralogy are manipulated to target specific physio-chemical properties in molten flux (slag). Fluxes may contain alloys and metals to be transferred into a weld metal, and fluxes may be formulated to microalloy the weld metal via element transfer from slag to the weld metal. Productivity gains are determined via an increased weld energy input, the application of multiple weld wires, the use of metal/alloy powders in a tubular wire format (metal-cored and flux-cored weld wires) and the application of different feeding arrangements for weld wires, flux and metal/alloy powders. Flux formulations are also tailored to function effectively under process conditions of high SAW productivity. Although much of the information is proprietary, several research groups have published on their ongoing innovative flux development work. These studies report on our improved understanding of flux formulations and the role of novel flux formulations in the SAW process. In this Special Issue, we welcome contributions on flux design aspects linked to the SAW process. The focus is on the link between flux formulations and the resultant effects of these flux design aspects on the SAW process.

Dr. Theresa Coetsee
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • submerged arc welding
  • flux
  • mineralogy
  • slag
  • physico-chemical properties
  • chemistry

Published Papers (1 paper)

Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

18 pages, 13576 KiB  
Article
Insight into the Chemical Behaviour of Chromium in CaF2-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO Flux Applied in Aluminium-Assisted Alloying of Carbon Steel in Submerged Arc Welding
by Theresa Coetsee and Frederik De Bruin
Minerals 2022, 12(11), 1397; https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111397 - 31 Oct 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1511
Abstract
Chromium alloying of weld metal is usually accomplished via weld wire. This is done because chromium has a high affinity for oxygen and is therefore not easily transferred across the arc. The formation chromium (VI) is one of the main concerns in welding [...] Read more.
Chromium alloying of weld metal is usually accomplished via weld wire. This is done because chromium has a high affinity for oxygen and is therefore not easily transferred across the arc. The formation chromium (VI) is one of the main concerns in welding with chromium containing consumables, especially in open arc processes, and less so in SAW (submerged arc welding). This study investigates the chemical behaviour of chromium in the application of unconstrained metal powders of Al, Cr, Cu and Ti in SAW. The application of aluminium in SAW is used to control the oxygen partial pressure in the process to prevent oxidation of elements of high oxygen affinity, such as chromium. The speciation of chromium was investigated in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) post-weld slag samples. In the 2D slag samples, the chromium is contained in low concentrations in the oxy-fluoride matrix phase. The 3D samples showed dome structures in which evidence of vapour formation was identified. Chromium presents as distinct chromium spots throughout the oxy-fluoride dome walls, and it is not observed as solute in the oxy-fluoride phase. Chromium presents as chromium-rich Cr-Mn-Mg-O porous particles of less than 20 µm in size, which may agglomerate into larger masses. The calculated thermochemical predominance diagrams show that the Al(l)-Al2O3(s)-AlF(g) equilibrium can maintain the partial oxygen pressure (PO2) at 10−16.5 atmosphere and the partial fluorine pressure (PF2) at 10−11.4 atmosphere at 2500 °C. Under these gas phase conditions in the arc cavity, chromium is present as metallic chromium and may subsequently vaporise as chromium metal and combine with other vaporised elements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Fluxes in Submerged Arc Welding)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-1
Back to TopTop