Nanostructured Materials for Emerging Pollutant Removal and Environmental Remediation

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Nanoscience and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 March 2024) | Viewed by 2776

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School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Interests: solid waste treatment; adsorption and advanced oxidation technology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanostructured materials have been widely applied in various fields. Recently, nanomaterials have been widely applied in emerging pollutant removal and environmental remediation due to a particular focus on environmental protection. This Special Issue of Nanomaterials is devoted to the design, synthesis, and applications of nanomaterials towards this aim.

This topic provides timely and authoritative information on the nanomaterials being applied in adsorption and oxidation process for emerging pollutant removal and environmental remediation. The overall scope includes fundamental and practical aspects of adsorption and oxidation processes: mathematics, thermodynamics, chemistry, and physics, as well as processes, applications, model engineering, and equipment design. Specifically, it includes the following areas:

  1. Gas-, liquid-, and solid-phase interface process in Emerging Pollutant Removal and Environmental Remediation;
  2. Catalytic Oxidation or reduction reactions in the presence of nanocatalysts;
  3. Adsorption for removing the emerging pollutants and heavy metals by nano-adsorbents;
  4. Biological and biochemical processes in the presence of nanomaterials in Environmental Remediation;
  5. Theorgy calculation for the removal of emerging pollutants and heavy metals by nanomaterials.

As nanotechnology continues to develop, the synthesis, characterization, and application of nanomaterials have attracted significant interest from researchers. The exploration of new and advanced technologies used to synthesize and characterize nanomaterials are particularly encouraged in this issue.

Nanomaterials (ISSN 2076-4991) is an international and interdisciplinary scholarly open access journal. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, communications, and short notes that are relevant to any field of study related to nanomaterials. Thus, theoretical and experimental articles will be accepted, along with articles that deal with the synthesis and use of nanomaterials. Articles that synthesize information from multiple fields, and which place discoveries within a broader context, are preferred. There is no restriction on the length of the papers; our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be presented for research articles, and computed data or files may also be provided as supplementary materials. Nanomaterials is committed to a high scientific standard; all manuscripts undergo a rigorous reviewing process and decisions are based on the recommendations of independent reviewers.

Prof. Dr. Lingjun Kong
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • nanomaterials
  • adsorption
  • catalytic
  • emerging pollutants
  • decontamination

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 5707 KiB  
Article
Effect of Stabilized nZVI Nanoparticles on the Reduction and Immobilization of Cr in Contaminated Soil: Column Experiment and Transport Modeling
by Hesham M. Ibrahim, Abdallah A. Al-Issa, Abdullah S. Al-Farraj, Abdulaziz G. Alghamdi and Ali M. Al-Turki
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(10), 862; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14100862 - 15 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 935
Abstract
Batch and transport experiments were used to investigate the remediation of loamy sand soil contaminated with Cr(VI) using zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) stabilized by carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-nZVI). The effect of pH, ionic strength (IS), and flow rate on the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) were [...] Read more.
Batch and transport experiments were used to investigate the remediation of loamy sand soil contaminated with Cr(VI) using zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) stabilized by carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-nZVI). The effect of pH, ionic strength (IS), and flow rate on the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) were investigated under equilibrium (uniform transport) and non-equilibrium (two-site sorption) transport using the Hydrus-1D model. The overall removal efficiency ranged from 70 to over 90% based on the chemical characteristics of the CMC-nZVI suspension and the transport conditions. The concentration and pH of the CMC-nZVI suspension had the most significant effect on the removal efficiency and transport of Cr(VI) in the soil. The average removal efficiency of Cr(VI) was increased from 24.1 to 75.5% when the concentration of CMC-nZVI nanoparticles was increased from 10 to 250 mg L−1, mainly because of the increased total surface area at a larger particle concentration. Batch experiments showed that the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) was much larger under acidic conditions. The average removal efficiency of Cr(VI) reached 90.1 and 60.5% at pH 5 and 7, respectively. The two-site sorption model described (r2 = 0.96–0.98) the transport of Cr(VI) in soil quite well as compared to the uniform transport model (r2 = 0.81–0.98). The average retardation of Cr(VI) was 3.51 and 1.61 at pH 5 and 7, respectively, indicating earlier arrival for the breakthrough curves and a shorter time to reach maximum relative concentration at lower pH. The methodology presented in this study, combining column experiment and modeling transport using the Hydrus-1D model, successfully assessed the removal of Cr(VI) from polluted soils, offering innovative, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly remediation methodologies. Full article
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14 pages, 5941 KiB  
Article
Sustainable and Low-Cost Electrodes for Photocatalytic Fuel Cells
by Naveed ul Hassan Alvi and Mats Sandberg
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(7), 636; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14070636 - 6 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1335
Abstract
Water pollutants harm ecosystems and degrade water quality. At the same time, many pollutants carry potentially valuable chemical energy, measured by chemical oxygen demand (COD). This study highlights the potential for energy harvesting during remediation using photocatalytic fuel cells (PCFCs), stressing the importance [...] Read more.
Water pollutants harm ecosystems and degrade water quality. At the same time, many pollutants carry potentially valuable chemical energy, measured by chemical oxygen demand (COD). This study highlights the potential for energy harvesting during remediation using photocatalytic fuel cells (PCFCs), stressing the importance of economically viable and sustainable materials. To achieve this, this research explores alternatives to platinum cathodes in photocathodes and aims to develop durable, cost-effective photoanode materials. Here, zinc oxide nanorods of high density are fabricated on carbon fiber surfaces using a low-temperature aqueous chemical growth method that is simple, cost-efficient, and readily scalable. Alternatives to the Pt cathodes frequently used in PCFC research are explored in comparison with screen-printed PEDOT:PSS cathodes. The fabricated ZnO/carbon anode (1.5 × 2 cm2) is used to remove the model pollutant used here and salicylic acid from water (30 mL, 70 μM) is placed under simulated sunlight (0.225 Sun). It was observed that salicylic acid was degraded by 23 ±0.46% at open voltage (OV) and 43.2 ± 0.86% at 1 V with Pt as the counter electrode, degradation was 18.5 ± 0.37% at open voltage (OV) and 44.1 ± 0.88% at 1 V, while PEDOT:PSS was used as the counter electrode over 120 min. This shows that the PEDOT:PSS exhibits an excellent performance with the full potential to provide low-environmental-impact electrodes for PCFCs. Full article
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