Structure, Synthesis and Applications of TiO2 Based Nanomaterials

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Materials and Metal-Organic Frameworks".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2024) | Viewed by 16892

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Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Interests: ceramic materials; cross-disciplinary integration; multi-scale systems
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Dear Colleagues,

Titanium dioxide represents one of the most widely used nanomaterials in contemporary applications, currently used widely in sunscreens, pigments, pharmaceuticals, and surface coatings. Being a versatile wide band-gap semiconducting oxide, TiO2 materials are the subject of extensive research toward new sustainability-enabling technologies envisaged in valuable energy and environmental applications. Titanium dioxide is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium and readily forms from a diverse range of precursors and bottom-up synthesis approaches. As the performance of TiO2 as a functional oxide is mostly driven by the nature and levels of expressed surfaces, the phase formation, dimensions, morphology, and crystallite growth habits of titania-based nanomaterials are critical in determining their efficacy in present and future applications. In particular, polymorph formation of anatase, rutile, brookite, and the recently reported bronze-type TiO2 is of great relevance in the study of these functional nanomaterials. The informed implementation of various synthesis methods is paramount in materials design. Consequently, studies which present the analysis of diverse TiO2-based nanomaterials in terms of their multiscale structure including aspects of polymorph formation, phase assemblage, growth habit and particle/film morphology, are an invaluable resource toward designing the functional materials of tomorrow.

Dr. Dorian A.H. Hanaor
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • titanium dioxide
  • TiO2
  • nanomaterials
  • structure
  • synthesis
  • polymorphism

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 4406 KiB  
Article
Structural, Optical, and Arsenic Removal Properties of Sol–Gel Synthesized Fe-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles
by Francisco Gamarra, Jesús Medina, Wilson Lanchipa, Rocío Tamayo and Elisban Sacari
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(19), 3402; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12193402 - 28 Sep 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2399
Abstract
Pure and Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol–gel method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, BET, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show a dependence between the crystallite size and the amount of [...] Read more.
Pure and Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol–gel method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, BET, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show a dependence between the crystallite size and the amount of dopant, which decreases from 13.02 to 12.81 nm. The same behavior was observed in the optical properties, where the band gap decreased from 3.2 to 2.86 eV. The arsenic (V) adsorption was tested in aqueous solution containing 5 mg/L of arsenic and 0.5 g/L of adsorbent at pH 7 and in dark conditions. The results indicate that the TiO2-B sample shows a higher arsenic removal, reaching 88% arsenic removal from the water at pH 7. Thus, it is also shown that the best performance occurs at pH 5, where it reaches an arsenic removal of 94%. Ion competition studies show that arsenic removal capacity is slightly affected by chloride, carbonate, nitrate, and sulfate ions. According to the results, the synthesized samples are a promising material for treating arsenic-contaminated water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure, Synthesis and Applications of TiO2 Based Nanomaterials)
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22 pages, 8321 KiB  
Article
Study of Interactions between Titanium Dioxide Coating and Wood Cell Wall Ultrastructure
by Petr Svora, Sylwia Svorová Pawełkowicz, Petra Ecorchard, Jiří Plocek, Alena Schieberová, Zdeněk Prošek, Petr Ptáček, Jan Pošta, Piotr Targowski, Petr Kuklík and Ivo Jakubec
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(15), 2678; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12152678 - 4 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2421
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is used as a UV light absorber to protect wood matter from photodegradation. In this paper, interactions between wood and TiO2 coating are studied, and the efficiency of the coating is evaluated. For the experiments, two wood [...] Read more.
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is used as a UV light absorber to protect wood matter from photodegradation. In this paper, interactions between wood and TiO2 coating are studied, and the efficiency of the coating is evaluated. For the experiments, two wood species were chosen: beech (Fagus sylvatica) and pine (Pinus sylvestris). Molecular and physical modifications in coated and uncoated wood exposed to UV radiation were investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV-VIS spectroscopy was used to describe the absorption of UV light by the TiO2 planar particles chosen for the experiment. It was demonstrated that TiO2 coating protects wood against photodegradation to a limited extent. TEM micrographs showed fissures in the wood matter around clusters of TiO2 particles in beech wood. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure, Synthesis and Applications of TiO2 Based Nanomaterials)
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Review

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31 pages, 5501 KiB  
Review
Heterophase Polymorph of TiO2 (Anatase, Rutile, Brookite, TiO2 (B)) for Efficient Photocatalyst: Fabrication and Activity
by Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy, Muhamad Diki Permana, Lintang Kumoro Sakti, Geometry Amal Nur Sheha, Solihudin, Sahrul Hidayat, Takahiro Takei, Nobuhiro Kumada and Iman Rahayu
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(4), 704; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13040704 - 12 Feb 2023
Cited by 132 | Viewed by 11228
Abstract
TiO2 exists naturally in three crystalline forms: Anatase, rutile, brookite, and TiO2 (B). These polymorphs exhibit different properties and consequently different photocatalytic performances. This paper aims to clarify the differences between titanium dioxide polymorphs, and the differences in homophase, biphase, and [...] Read more.
TiO2 exists naturally in three crystalline forms: Anatase, rutile, brookite, and TiO2 (B). These polymorphs exhibit different properties and consequently different photocatalytic performances. This paper aims to clarify the differences between titanium dioxide polymorphs, and the differences in homophase, biphase, and triphase properties in various photocatalytic applications. However, homophase TiO2 has various disadvantages such as high recombination rates and low adsorption capacity. Meanwhile, TiO2 heterophase can effectively stimulate electron transfer from one phase to another causing superior photocatalytic performance. Various studies have reported the biphase of polymorph TiO2 such as anatase/rutile, anatase/brookite, rutile/brookite, and anatase/TiO2 (B). In addition, this paper also presents the triphase of the TiO2 polymorph. This review is mainly focused on information regarding the heterophase of the TiO2 polymorph, fabrication of heterophase synthesis, and its application as a photocatalyst. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure, Synthesis and Applications of TiO2 Based Nanomaterials)
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