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Nanomaterials
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Multifunctional Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Materials
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Multifunctional Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Materials

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanocomposite Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2021) | Viewed by 21064

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Dania Olmos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Instituto de Químicay Materiales Álvaro Alonso Barba (IQMAA), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
Interests: nanocomposites; polymers; polymer nanocomposites; interphases and interfaces; characterization techniques
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advances in polymer-based nanocomposites have contributed to the development of new multifunctional materials with many potential applications. The properties and functionality of these polymer-based materials can be modified by selectively introducing particles with certain properties for a desired application. In addition, when the size of such particles is reduced, the aspect ratio can play a fundamental role in enhancing the interfacial properties in the overall nanocomposite material. For example, the addition of a nanofiller such as TiO2 to a polymer matrix, when properly dispersed, might lead to a nanocomposite material with good optical properties and modified physico-chemical and mechanical properties, as well as other functional properties, such as electric/magnetic or UV-resistance properties or low permeability to gases, leading to a multifunctional polymer-based nanocomposite material, broadening the field of application. The scope of this Special Issue is to address the recent developments and applications of polymer-based multifunctional nanocomposite materials. Special emphasis will be placed on the following: i) materials for biomedical applications, related to tissue engineering (TE); ii) materials for food packaging and the agro-alimentary industry; iii) flexible materials for smart sensors and actuators; and iv) nanocomposites for energy harvesting.

This Special Issue will cover, but will not be limited to, the following potential topics:

1) Preparation of polymer-based multifunctional nanocomposite materials;

2) Characterization of polymer-based multifunctional nanocomposite materials;

3) Novel approaches to obtaining methods and potential applications;

4) New technological approaches to the development of environmentally sustainable materials (biodegradable materials, energy harvesting, new purification systems, etc.).

Dr. Dania Olmos
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanocomposite
  • polymers
  • thermoplastic
  • thermoset
  • tissue engineering
  • food industry
  • energy harvesting
  • multifunctional materials

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3272 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Sustained-Release Performance of PLGA Microcapsule Carrier System
by Shuaikai Ren, Chunxin Wang, Liang Guo, Congcong Xu, Yan Wang, Changjiao Sun, Haixin Cui and Xiang Zhao
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(7), 1758; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11071758 - 6 Jul 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4305
Abstract
Microcapsules have been widely studied owing to their biocompatibility and potential for application in various areas, particularly drug delivery. However, the size of microcapsules is difficult to control, and the size distribution is very broad via various encapsulation techniques. Therefore, it is necessary [...] Read more.
Microcapsules have been widely studied owing to their biocompatibility and potential for application in various areas, particularly drug delivery. However, the size of microcapsules is difficult to control, and the size distribution is very broad via various encapsulation techniques. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain microcapsules with uniform and tailored size for the construction of controlled-release drug carriers. In this study, emulsification and solvent evaporation methods were used to prepare a variety of ovalbumin-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microcapsules to determine the optimal preparation conditions. The particle size of the PLGA microcapsules prepared using the optimum conditions was approximately 200 nm, which showed good dispersibility with an ovalbumin encapsulation rate of more than 60%. In addition, porous microcapsules with different pore sizes were prepared by adding a varying amount of porogen bovine serum albumin (BSA) to the internal water phase. The release curve showed that the rate of protein release from the microcapsules could be controlled by adjusting the pore size. These findings demonstrated that we could tailor the morphology and structure of microcapsules by regulating the preparation conditions, thus controlling the encapsulation efficiency and the release performance of the microcapsule carrier system. We envision that this controlled-release novel microcapsule carrier system shows great potential for biomedical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multifunctional Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Materials)
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11 pages, 2684 KiB  
Article
Thermal, Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Carbon Fiber Fabric and Graphene Reinforced Segmented Polyurethane Composites
by Zhe Shi, Cong Zhang, Xin-Gang Chen, Ang Li and Yang-Fei Zhang
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(5), 1289; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11051289 - 13 May 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3033
Abstract
Thermal conductive materials with reliable and high performances such as thermal interface materials are crucial for rapid heat transferring in thermal management. In this work, carbon fiber fabric and graphene reinforced segmented polyurethane composites (CFF-G/SPU) were proposed and prepared to obtain superior thermal, [...] Read more.
Thermal conductive materials with reliable and high performances such as thermal interface materials are crucial for rapid heat transferring in thermal management. In this work, carbon fiber fabric and graphene reinforced segmented polyurethane composites (CFF-G/SPU) were proposed and prepared to obtain superior thermal, mechanical and electrical properties using the hot-pressing method. The composites exhibit excellent tensile strength and can withstand a tensile force of at least 350 N without breaking. The results show that, comparing with the SPU material, the thermal conductivity is increased by 28% for the CFF-G/SPU composite, while the in-plane electrical conductivity is increased by 8 orders of magnitude to 175 S·m−1. The application of CFF-G/SPU composite as a winding thermal interface material with electric-driven self-heating effect presents good performances of fluidity and interface wettability. The composite has great advantages in phase transition and filling the interfacial gap in the short time of few seconds under the condition of electrical field, with the interface temperature difference between two layers significantly reduced. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multifunctional Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Materials)
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18 pages, 5809 KiB  
Article
Construction and Mechanism Analysis of a Self-Assembled Conductive Network in DGEBA/PEI/HRGO Nanocomposites by Controlling Filler Selective Localization
by Yiming Meng, Sushant Sharma, Wenjun Gan, Seung Hyun Hur, Won Mook Choi and Jin Suk Chung
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(1), 228; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11010228 - 16 Jan 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2956
Abstract
Herein, a feasible and effective approach is developed to build an electrically conductive and double percolation network-like structure via the incorporation of highly reduced graphene oxide (HRGO) into a polymer blend of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A/polyetherimide (DGEBA/PEI). With the assistance of the [...] Read more.
Herein, a feasible and effective approach is developed to build an electrically conductive and double percolation network-like structure via the incorporation of highly reduced graphene oxide (HRGO) into a polymer blend of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A/polyetherimide (DGEBA/PEI). With the assistance of the curing reaction-induced phase separation (CRIPS) technique, an interconnected network of HRGO is formed in the phase-separated structure of the DGEBA/PEI polymer blend due to selective localization behavior. In this study, HRGO was prepared from a unique chemical reduction technique. The DGEBA/PEI/HRGO nanocomposite was analyzed in terms of phase structure by content of PEI and low weight fractions of HRGO (0.5 wt.%). The HRGO delivered a high electrical conductivity in DGEBA/PEI polyblends, wherein the value increased from 5.03 × 10−16 S/m to 5.88 S/m at a low content of HRGO (0.5 wt.%). Furthermore, the HRGO accelerated the curing reaction process of CRIPS due to its amino group. Finally, dynamic mechanical analyses (DMA) were performed to understand the CRIPS phenomenon and selective localization of HRGO reinforcement. The storage modulus increased monotonically from 1536 MPa to 1660 MPa for the 25 phr (parts per hundred in the DGEBA) PEI polyblend and reached 1915 MPa with 0.5 wt.% HRGO reinforcement. These simultaneous improvements in electrical conductivity and dynamic mechanical properties clearly demonstrate the potential of this conductive polyblend for various engineering applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multifunctional Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Materials)
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12 pages, 3382 KiB  
Article
Electrical Conduction Behavior of High-Performance Microcellular Nanocomposites Made of Graphene Nanoplatelet-Filled Polysulfone
by Hooman Abbasi, Marcelo Antunes and José Ignacio Velasco
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(12), 2425; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10122425 - 4 Dec 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2014
Abstract
Graphene nanoplatelet (GnP)-filled polysulfone (PSU) cellular nanocomposites, prepared by two different methods—namely, water vapor-induced phase separation (WVIPS) and supercritical CO2 dissolution (scCO2) foaming—were produced with a range of densities from 0.4 to 0.6 g/cm3 and characterized in terms of [...] Read more.
Graphene nanoplatelet (GnP)-filled polysulfone (PSU) cellular nanocomposites, prepared by two different methods—namely, water vapor-induced phase separation (WVIPS) and supercritical CO2 dissolution (scCO2) foaming—were produced with a range of densities from 0.4 to 0.6 g/cm3 and characterized in terms of their structure and electrical conduction behavior. The GnP content was varied from 0 to 10 wt%. The electrical conductivity values were increased with the amount of GnP for the three different studied foam series. The highest values were found for the microcellular nanocomposites prepared by the WVIPS method, reaching as high as 8.17 × 10−2 S/m for 10 wt% GnP. The variation trend of the electrical conductivity for each series was analyzed by applying both the percolation and the tunneling models. Comparatively, the tunneling model showed a better fitting in the prediction of the electrical conductivity. The preparation technique of the cellular nanocomposite affected the resultant cellular structure of the nanocomposite and, as a result, the porosity or gas volume fraction (Vg). A higher porosity resulted in a higher electrical conductivity, with the lightest foams being prepared by the WVIPS method, showing electrical conductivities two orders of magnitude higher than the equivalent foams prepared by the scCO2 dissolution technique. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multifunctional Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Materials)
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11 pages, 2237 KiB  
Article
Effects of Graphene Oxide-Gold Nanoparticles Nanocomposite on Highly Sensitive Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Detection
by Jong-Won Kim, Myeongkun Kim, Kyung Kwan Lee, Kwang Hyo Chung and Chang-Soo Lee
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(10), 1921; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10101921 - 25 Sep 2020
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 4200
Abstract
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become a powerful molecular diagnostic technique over the past few decades, but remains somewhat impaired due to low specificity, poor sensitivity, and false positive results. Metal and carbon nanomaterials, quantum dots, and metal oxides, can improve the [...] Read more.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become a powerful molecular diagnostic technique over the past few decades, but remains somewhat impaired due to low specificity, poor sensitivity, and false positive results. Metal and carbon nanomaterials, quantum dots, and metal oxides, can improve the quality and productivity of PCR assays. Here, we describe the ability of PCR assisted with nanomaterials (nano-PCR) comprising a nanocomposite of graphene oxide (GO) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for sensitive detection of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Graphene oxide and AuNPs have been widely applied as biomedical materials for diagnosis, therapy, and drug delivery due to their unique chemical and physical properties. Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is highly contagious and fatal for cloven-hoofed animals including pigs, and it can thus seriously damage the swine industry. Therefore, a highly sensitive, specific, and practical method is needed to detect FMDV. The detection limit of real-time PCR improved by ~1000 fold when assisted by GO-AuNPs. We also designed a system of detecting serotypes in a single assay based on melting temperatures. Our sensitive and specific nano-PCR system can be applied to diagnose early FMDV infection, and thus may prove to be useful for clinical and biomedical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multifunctional Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Materials)
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21 pages, 3268 KiB  
Article
Bending and Elastic Vibration of a Novel Functionally Graded Polymer Nanocomposite Beam Reinforced by Graphene Nanoplatelets
by Yuewu Wang, Ke Xie, Tairan Fu and Congling Shi
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(12), 1690; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9121690 - 26 Nov 2019
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 3312
Abstract
A novel functionally graded (FG) polymer-based nanocomposite reinforced by graphene nanoplatelets is proposed based on a new distribution law, which is constructed by the error function and contains a gradient index. The variation of the gradient index can result in a continuous variation [...] Read more.
A novel functionally graded (FG) polymer-based nanocomposite reinforced by graphene nanoplatelets is proposed based on a new distribution law, which is constructed by the error function and contains a gradient index. The variation of the gradient index can result in a continuous variation of the weight fraction of graphene nanoplatelets (GPLs), which forms a sandwich structure with graded mechanical properties. The modified Halpin–Tsai micromechanics model is used to evaluate the effective Young’s modulus of the novel functionally graded graphene nanoplatelets reinforced composites (FG-GPLRCs). The bending and elastic vibration behaviors of the novel nanocomposite beams are investigated. An improved third order shear deformation theory (TSDT), which is proven to have a higher accuracy, is implemented to derive the governing equations related to the bending and vibrations. The Chebyshev–Ritz method is applied to describe various boundary conditions of the beams. The bending displacement, stress state, and vibration frequency of the proposed FG polymer-based nanocomposite beams under uniformly distributed loads are provided in detail. The numerical results show that the proposed distributions of GPL nanofillers can lead to a more effective pattern of improving the mechanical properties of GPL-reinforced composites than the common ones. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multifunctional Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Materials)
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