Molecular Biology of Papillomaviruses

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Viral Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 1189

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
Interests: mechanisms and DDR regulation of DNA tumor virus genome replication; novel antiviral and anticancer therapeutic approaches; transformation and evolution of cancer
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Guest Editor
Comparative Biosciences Department, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Interests: viral replication; DNA repair; genetic instability in HPV infection and its causes; the viral life cycle

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of the Pathogens journal will focus on the “Molecular Biology of Papillomaviruses”.

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) infect epidermal tissues, often via nearly undetectable lesions, and cause a wide variety of pathologies, including over 1 in 20 human cancers (cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal, as well as others), and a variety of infections that can range from inconvenient to very serious, particularly for immunocompromised individuals or children with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. While there are currently vaccines against a handful of the HPV types that most frequently progress to cancer, there are hundreds of HPV types for which there is no vaccine and no effective treatments.

The continuous advancement of molecular biology techniques and approaches has provided a deeper understanding of the molecular biology of HPV infection, life cycle, and the molecular basis of HPV–host interactions. This Special Issue of the Pathogens journal is intended to cover all aspects of papillomavirus molecular biology, which occurs intracellularly during all stages of the infection/viral life cycle, as well as intracellular effects caused by papillomavirus proteins during transformation and extracellular events (such as how viral proteins or nucleic acids interact with host factors). This Special Issue seeks to provide novel information into HPV molecular biology that may provide insights into HPV biology and potential treatment avenues. 

In addition to primary research articles, reviews will also be considered for inclusion; if you are considering submitting a review, please contact the Guest Editors prior to initiating such efforts so they can ensure there is not extensive overlap between other submissions.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Thomas Melendy
Dr. Kavi Mehta
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • HPV
  • papillomavirus
  • viral replication
  • viral transcription
  • episomal maintenance
  • DNA damage response
  • viral amplification
  • differentiation-dependent amplification
  • viral life cycle
  • HPV host–pathogen interactions
  • genetic instability
  • genome maintenance

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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10 pages, 1023 KiB  
Perspective
Regulation of R-Loops in DNA Tumor Viruses
by Anaiya Crowner, Keely Smith and Marsha DeSmet
Pathogens 2024, 13(10), 863; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13100863 - 2 Oct 2024
Viewed by 876
Abstract
R-loops are triple-stranded nucleic acid structures that occur when newly synthesized single-stranded RNA anneals to duplex DNA upon the collision of replication forks with transcription complexes. These RNA–DNA hybrids facilitate several transcriptional processes in the cell and have been described extensively in the [...] Read more.
R-loops are triple-stranded nucleic acid structures that occur when newly synthesized single-stranded RNA anneals to duplex DNA upon the collision of replication forks with transcription complexes. These RNA–DNA hybrids facilitate several transcriptional processes in the cell and have been described extensively in the literature. Recently, evidence has emerged that R-loops are key regulators of DNA tumor virus transcription and the replication of their lifecycle. Studies have demonstrated that R-loops on the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genome must be resolved to maintain genome maintenance and avoid viral integration, a hallmark of HPV cancers. For Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), R-loops are formed at the oriLyt to establish lytic replication. Structural maintenance of chromosome proteins 5/6 (SMC5/6) bind to these viral R-loops to repress EBV lytic replication. Most viruses in the herpesvirales order, such as KSHV, contain R-loop-forming sequences. In this perspective, we will describe the current, although limited, literature demonstrating the importance of RNA–DNA hybrids to regulate DNA virus transcription. We will also detail potential new areas of R-loop research and how these viruses can be used as tools to study the growing field of R-loops. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Biology of Papillomaviruses)
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