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Polymers
Special Issues
Adhesives and Fibers in Dentistry
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Adhesives and Fibers in Dentistry

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Fibers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 March 2023) | Viewed by 16325

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Abdul Samad Khan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Interests: dental adhesives; resin-based composites; bioceramics; glass fibers; vibrational spectroscopy; electrospinning
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Adhesive dentistry is an essential part of modern-day dentistry and esthetic restoration. The history of dental adhesives started in 1949 with the concept of adhesion to dentin through physical and chemical bonds. Since then, it has been constantly evolving, with the aim of facilitating dental procedures, minimizing the duration of clinical steps, and ensuring stronger bonding, to promote conservative dentistry. With advancing technologies, new generations were introduced from non-etch to total-etch (fourth and fifth generations) to self-etch universal adhesives (eighth generation) systems. Some promising advancements include the addition of antibacterial agents, antibacterial resins, the use of bioactive materials, natural or herbal components, whereby all these additions can effectively regulate mineral deposition in dentin, promote remineralization, and inhibit bacterial ingress. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibition is an exciting area to explore and many studies have been conducted; however, their incorporation within dental adhesives has not been fully explored.

The use of fiber-reinforced technology in dentistry dates back to the 1960s. Since then, many studies have been conducted to explore the usage of fibers for multiple clinical applications. The focus has mainly been on inert glass fibers, and therefore it is high time to explore new types of fibers, and improvements and alterations to current fibers are required. Electrospun fibers have been investigated for periodontal regeneration; however, they should be explored in dental restorations.

In this Special Issue of Polymers dedicated to the synthesis, preparation, and characterizations of dental adhesives and use of fibers in dentistry, you are invited to contribute with communications, systematic reviews, and meta-analysis articles.

Dr. Abdul Samad Khan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 1848 KiB  
Article
Biological and Physicochemical Characterization of Self-Adhesive Protective Coating Dental Restorative Material after Incorporation of Antibacterial Nanoparticles
by Nazish Gul, Qura Tul Ain Idrees, Muhammad Amber Fareed, Salman Aziz Mian, Hafiz Muhammad Owais Nasim, Fariha Naz, Bashayer Aldahlan and Abdul Samad Khan
Polymers 2022, 14(20), 4280; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14204280 - 12 Oct 2022
Viewed by 1629
Abstract
This study evaluated the physicochemical and antibacterial properties of EQUIATM coat liquid (E) after incorporation of zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. ZnO and TiO2 (1 wt.% and 2 wt.%) were dispersed in EQUIA coat. Principal component [...] Read more.
This study evaluated the physicochemical and antibacterial properties of EQUIATM coat liquid (E) after incorporation of zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. ZnO and TiO2 (1 wt.% and 2 wt.%) were dispersed in EQUIA coat. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were performed to visualize systemic variation. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by colony-forming units and crystal violet staining using Streptococcusmutans and Lactobacillusacidophilus after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, and the microstructure was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The weight change was analyzed at 1 and 21 days. The PCA for TiO2- and ZnO-based groups showed 100% variance at all spectral ranges at 600–800/cm and 800–1200/cm, whereas 1200–1800/cm and 2700–3800/cm spectral regions demonstrated 99% variance. The absorbance values were significant (p < 0.05) for both nanoparticles-based adhesives, and the specimens with 2 wt.% ZnO showed the maximum response by minimum bacterial attachment, and the control group showed the least response by maximum attachment. The weight change percentage was reduced after the incorporation of antibacterial nanoparticles. It is suggested that EQUIATM coat containing nanoparticles exhibits promising results, and it may be recommended to clinically use as an improved coating material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adhesives and Fibers in Dentistry)
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12 pages, 1801 KiB  
Article
Colour Stability of 3D-Printed and Prefabricated Denture Teeth after Immersion in Different Colouring Agents—An In Vitro Study
by Mariya Dimitrova, Bozhana Chuchulska, Stefan Zlatev and Rada Kazakova
Polymers 2022, 14(15), 3125; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153125 - 31 Jul 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2415
Abstract
This study investigated the colour stability of three dimensional (3D)-printed and conventional denture teeth after immersion in different colourants. A total of 60 artificial maxillary central incisors were selected from three types of materials: 3D-printed dental resin (NextDent, 3D Systems, Soesterberg, The Netherlands), [...] Read more.
This study investigated the colour stability of three dimensional (3D)-printed and conventional denture teeth after immersion in different colourants. A total of 60 artificial maxillary central incisors were selected from three types of materials: 3D-printed dental resin (NextDent, 3D Systems, Soesterberg, The Netherlands), prefabricated acrylic teeth in Ivostar Shade (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), and SpofaDent Plus in shade A2 (SpofaDental, Jičín, Czechia). These were immersed in four types of colourants at room temperature (23 °C ± 1 °C), including artificial saliva (pH = 6.8) as a control group, coffee, red wine, and Coca-Cola (n = 5). The temperature and the pH of the colouring agents were maintained throughout all immersion periods. After 7 days (T1), 14 days (T2), and 21 days (T3), the ∆E values were measured with a SpectroShade Micro (SpectroShade, Oxnard, CA, USA) spectrophotometer. Their means were then calculated and compared by two-way ANOVA. The independent factors, immersion time and different staining solutions, as well as the interaction between these factors, significantly influenced ΔE. The highest and the lowest mean ∆Es were recorded for prefabricated teeth in red wine, and 3D-printed teeth in artificial saliva, respectively. All the specimens demonstrated an increased colour change at T1 compared to T3, and the difference in mean ∆E was statistically significant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adhesives and Fibers in Dentistry)
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11 pages, 1950 KiB  
Article
Effect of Active Bonding Application after Selective Dentin Etching on the Immediate and Long-Term Bond Strength of Two Universal Adhesives to Dentin
by Louis Hardan, Giovanna Orsini, Rim Bourgi, Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez, Marco Nicastro, Florin Lazarescu, Dimitar Filtchev, Elizabeth Cornejo-Ríos, Juan Eliezer Zamarripa-Calderón, Krzysztof Sokolowski and Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
Polymers 2022, 14(6), 1129; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14061129 - 11 Mar 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2731
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the influence of active bonding applications (ABA) for different time intervals after selective dentin etching (SDE) for 3 s on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to dentin of two universal adhesive systems (UAs): one containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) [...] Read more.
The objective was to evaluate the influence of active bonding applications (ABA) for different time intervals after selective dentin etching (SDE) for 3 s on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to dentin of two universal adhesive systems (UAs): one containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) (Scotchbond Universal, SBU), and one that was HEMA-free (Prime&Bond Universal, PBU). Dentin bovine specimens were divided into four groups: self-etch as control (SE), SDE + ABA for 15 s (SDE15), SDE + ABA for 20 s (SDE20), and SDE + ABA for 25 s (SDE25). The μTBS test was performed after a water storage of 24 h and 6 months. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used in order to examine the resin–dentin interface. For the PBU, the µTBS was significantly influenced only by the aging factor (p < 0.026). A statistically significant decrease in the µTBS after 6 months of aging was observed only for the SDE15 group. For SBU, µTBS was significantly influenced by the protocol application and the aging time (p ≤ 0.041). The groups SDE15, SDE20, and SDE25 achieved statistically significant higher values (after 24 h and 6 months). No considerable variances were noticed in the homogeneity and continuity of the hybrid layer (HL) among the groups. In conclusion, SDE and ABA improved the µTBS only of a HEMA-containing universal adhesive. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adhesives and Fibers in Dentistry)
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Review

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19 pages, 703 KiB  
Review
PEEK in Fixed Dental Prostheses: Application and Adhesion Improvement
by Biyao Wang, Minghao Huang, Pengrui Dang, Jiahui Xie, Xinwen Zhang and Xu Yan
Polymers 2022, 14(12), 2323; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14122323 - 8 Jun 2022
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 8361
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been widely applied in fixed dental prostheses, comprising crowns, fixed partial dentures, and post-and-core. PEEK’s excellent mechanical properties facilitate better stress distribution than conventional materials, protecting the abutment teeth. However, the stiffness of PEEK is not sufficient, which can be [...] Read more.
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been widely applied in fixed dental prostheses, comprising crowns, fixed partial dentures, and post-and-core. PEEK’s excellent mechanical properties facilitate better stress distribution than conventional materials, protecting the abutment teeth. However, the stiffness of PEEK is not sufficient, which can be improved via fiber reinforcement. PEEK is biocompatible. It is nonmutagenic, noncytotoxic, and nonallergenic. However, the chemical stability of PEEK is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, PEEK is nondegradable and intraoral corrosion is minimized. On the other hand, the inert surface makes adhesive bonding difficult. Numerous strategies for improving the adhesive properties of PEEK have been explored, including acid etching, plasma treatment, airborne particle abrasion, laser treatment, and adhesive systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adhesives and Fibers in Dentistry)
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