Polymers Additive Manufacturing in Sports and Protective Equipment

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Processing and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 2009

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Experimental Mechanics Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
Interests: impact mitigation; elastomeric foams; mechanics of polymers; fuse filament fabrication; stereolithography; experimental mechanics; composite materials; smart materials
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Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Carlos III of Madrid, 28903 Getafe, Spain
Interests: advanced manufacturing; impact dynamics; biomechanics; additive manufacturing; machining of low machinability material; mechanical design; mechanics of polymer materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Carlos III of Madrid, Getafe, 28903 Madrid, Spain
Interests: advanced manufacturing; additive manufacturing; machining of low machinability material; mechanical design; mechanics of polymer materials; post-processing of composite material
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to provide a platform for researchers and practitioners to exchange the latest results and research ideas focusing on polymers additive manufacturing of sports and protective equipment. We invite original research articles on all polymer additive manufacturing processes, including materials extrusion, vat polymerization, powder bed fusion, and material jetting, to accelerate the development and production of innovative polymer-based sports gear and protective equipment. The advantages of polymers are axiomatic, while additive manufacturing processes offer design and optimization opportunities for maximum performance. This Special Issue focuses on the process–structure–property–performance interrelations of novel additively manufactured sports and protective gears. Additionally, emphasis will be on the 3D printing of synthetic replacements of biological tissues, prostheses, and biomimetics. 

Prof. Dr. George Youssef
Prof. Dr. Maria Henar Miguélez
Dr. Jose Díaz-Álvarez
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • polymers
  • additive manufacturing
  • 3D printing
  • sports gear
  • protective equipment
  • protheses
  • biomimetics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 7233 KiB  
Article
Additive Manufacturing of Head Surrogates for Evaluation of Protection in Sports
by Ramiro Mantecón, Borja Valverde-Marcos, Ignacio Rubio, George Youssef, José Antonio Loya, José Díaz-Álvarez and María Henar Miguélez
Polymers 2024, 16(12), 1753; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16121753 - 20 Jun 2024
Viewed by 895
Abstract
Head impacts are a major concern in contact sports and sports with high-speed mobility due to the prevalence of head trauma events and their dire consequences. Surrogates of human heads are required in laboratory testing to safely explore the efficacy of impact-mitigating mechanisms. [...] Read more.
Head impacts are a major concern in contact sports and sports with high-speed mobility due to the prevalence of head trauma events and their dire consequences. Surrogates of human heads are required in laboratory testing to safely explore the efficacy of impact-mitigating mechanisms. This work proposes using polymer additive manufacturing technologies to obtain a substitute for the human skull to be filled with a silicone-based brain surrogate. This assembly was instrumentalized with an Inertial Measurement Unit. Its performance was compared to a standard Hybrid III head form in validation tests using commercial headgear. The tests involved impact velocities in a range centered around 5 m/s. The results show a reasonable homology between the head substitutes, with a disparity in the impact response within 20% between the proposed surrogate and the standard head form. The head surrogate herein developed can be easily adapted to other morphologies and will significantly decrease the cost of the laboratory testing of head protection equipment, all while ensuring the safety of the testing process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers Additive Manufacturing in Sports and Protective Equipment)
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