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Polymers
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Polymers for Drug Delivery System
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Polymers for Drug Delivery System

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Analysis and Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 September 2021) | Viewed by 12327

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Dmitri Ossipov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Interests: biomaterials; nanoparticles; polymers; nanomaterials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polymers have become indispensable chemical tools in drug delivery. Poor solubility and instability of some drugs in biological milieus, inability of conventional drugs to reach target tissues and cells in vivo together with their poor capacity to cross tissue, cellular, and intracellular barriers have led scientists to use polymers as drug delivery vehicles. Nanotechnologies and chemical engineering have permitted us to address the shortcomings of conventional drugs based on new properties that are obtained after physical and chemical association of drugs with polymers. These properties include responsiveness of polymeric complexes to release drugs in specific microenvironments such as pH, temperature, specific chemical stimuli, and external forces (light, magnetic field) in a highly controlled manner. This Special Issue will collect recent studies on chemical design of polymers to rationally construct smart nanomedicines with predicted pharmacological properties. Special attention shall be given to investigations of drug–polymer interactions and their impact on drug delivery aspects. Different types of polymer-based vehicles, including nanoparticles, nanogels, hydrogels, and polymeric coatings of stents, will also be considered.  

The Special Issue will include articles that contain new research data within the following areas:

  • Advancements in polymer–drug conjugates;
  • Formulation of polymer–drug nanocomplexes;
  • Mechanistic studies on targeting of polymer-based drug delivery systems;
  • Imaging of biodistribution of polymer–drug conjugates and complexes;
  • Functional in vitro and in vivo assays for drug delivery by polymers.

Dr. Dmitri Ossipov
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 3480 KiB  
Article
Differentiating Co-Delivery of Bisphosphonate and Simvastatin by Self-Healing Hyaluronan Hydrogel Formed by Orthogonal “Clicks”: An In-Vitro Assessment
by Dmitri A. Ossipov, Mads Lüchow and Michael Malkoch
Polymers 2021, 13(13), 2106; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13132106 - 26 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2010
Abstract
Due to its unique properties resembling living tissues, hydrogels are attractive carriers for the localized and targeted delivery of various drugs. Drug release kinetics from hydrogels are commonly controlled by network properties and the drug-network interactions. However, and simultaneously, the programmable delivery of [...] Read more.
Due to its unique properties resembling living tissues, hydrogels are attractive carriers for the localized and targeted delivery of various drugs. Drug release kinetics from hydrogels are commonly controlled by network properties and the drug-network interactions. However, and simultaneously, the programmable delivery of multiple drugs with opposing properties (hydrophilicity, molecular weight, etc.) from hydrogels with determined network properties is still challenging. Herein, we describe the preparation of injectable self-healing hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels that release hydrophobic simvastatin and hydrophilic aminobisphosphonate (BP) drugs independently in response to acidic and thiol-containing microenvironments, respectively. We apply a prodrug strategy to BP by conjugating it to HA via a self-immolative disulfide linker that is stable in the blood plasma and is cleavable in the cytoplasm. Moreover, we utilize HA-linked BP ligands to reversibly bind Ca2+ ions and form coordination hydrogels. Hydrazone coupling of hydrophobic ligands to HA permits the encapsulation of simvastatin molecules in the resulting amphiphilic HA derivative and the subsequent acid-triggered release of the drug. The conjugation of BP and hydrophobic ligands to HA enables preparation of both bulk self-healing hydrogels and nanogels. Moreover, the developed hydrogel system is shown to be multi-responsive by applying orthogonally cleavable linkers. The presented hydrogel is a potential candidate for the combination treatment of osteoporosis and bone cancers as well as for bone tissue regeneration since it can deliver bone anabolic and anti-catabolic agents in response to bone diseases microenvironments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers for Drug Delivery System)
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15 pages, 6078 KiB  
Article
Size-Dependent Biodistribution of Fluorescent Furano-Allocolchicinoid-Chitosan Formulations in Mice
by Iuliia Gracheva, Maria Konovalova, Dmitrii Aronov, Ekaterina Moiseeva, Alexey Fedorov and Elena Svirshchevskaya
Polymers 2021, 13(13), 2045; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13132045 - 22 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2126
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the biodistribution in mice of functionalized rhodamine B (Rh) labeled colchicine derivative furano-allocolchicinoid (AC, 6) either conjugated to 40 kDa chitosan (AC-Chi, 8) or encapsulated into chitosan nanoparticles ( [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to compare the biodistribution in mice of functionalized rhodamine B (Rh) labeled colchicine derivative furano-allocolchicinoid (AC, 6) either conjugated to 40 kDa chitosan (AC-Chi, 8) or encapsulated into chitosan nanoparticles (AC-NPs). AC-NPs were formed by ionotropic gelation and were 400–450 nm in diameter as estimated in mice by dynamic light scattering and confocal microscopy. AC-Chi and AC-NPs preserved the specific colchicine activity in vitro. AC preparations were once IV injected into C75BL/6 mice; muscles, spleen, kidney, liver, lungs, blood cells and serum were collected at 30 min, 2, 5, 10, and 20 h post injection. To analyze the distribution of the furano-allocolchicinoid preparations in body liquids and tissues, Rh was measured directly in sera or extracted by acidic ethanol from tissue homogenates. Preliminary Rh extraction rate was estimated in vitro in tissue homogenates and was around 25–30% from total quantity added. After in vivo injection, AC-NPs were accumulated more in liver and spleen, while less in kidney and lungs in comparison with free AC and AC-Chi. Therefore, incorporation of colchicine derivatives as well as other hydrophobic substances into nano/micro sized carriers may help redistribute the drug to different organs and, possibly, improve antitumor accumulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers for Drug Delivery System)
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18 pages, 5674 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Betulinic Acid-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Hydrophilic Biopolymer for Improved Biocompatibility on NIH/3T3 Cell Line
by Julia Meihua Tan, Saifullah Bullo, Sharida Fakurazi and Mohd Zobir Hussein
Polymers 2021, 13(9), 1362; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13091362 - 21 Apr 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2096
Abstract
The biocompatibility of carbon nanotubes (CNT) is fairly a challenging task for their applications in nanomedicine. Therefore, the objective of this research was to formulate four types of highly biocompatible betulinic acid-loaded biopolymer nanocomposites, namely chitosan-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWBA-CS), polyethylene glycol-multiwalled carbon nanotubes [...] Read more.
The biocompatibility of carbon nanotubes (CNT) is fairly a challenging task for their applications in nanomedicine. Therefore, the objective of this research was to formulate four types of highly biocompatible betulinic acid-loaded biopolymer nanocomposites, namely chitosan-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWBA-CS), polyethylene glycol-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWBA-PG), Tween 20-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWBA-T2) and Tween 80-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWBA-T8). The physico-chemical properties of the modified nanocomposites were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal analysis (TGA) and Raman spectroscopy, while the surface morphology of the resulting nanocomposites was studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). All data revealed that the external surface of MWBA nanocomposites was successfully coated with the respective polymer molecules through hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions with improved thermal profiles. The cell viability assay, which was performed on cultured normal embryonic mouse fibroblast cells, confirmed their excellent biocompatibility in phosphate-buffered saline aqueous media. Overall, our findings herein suggest that the synthesized biopolymer-coated MWBA nanocomposites are promising nanomaterials for drug delivery applications as they enhance the solubility and dispersibility of CNT with significantly reduced cytotoxic effect, especially in normal cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers for Drug Delivery System)
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16 pages, 3713 KiB  
Article
Polylactide/Polyvinylalcohol-Based Porous Bioscaffold Loaded with Gentamicin for Wound Dressing Applications
by Maliheh Amini Moghaddam, Antonio Di Martino, Tomáš Šopík, Haojie Fei, Jaroslav Císař, Martina Pummerová and Vladimír Sedlařík
Polymers 2021, 13(6), 921; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13060921 - 17 Mar 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2445
Abstract
This study explores the feasibility of modifying the surface liquid spraying method to prepare porous bioscaffolds intended for wound dressing applications. For this purpose, gentamicin sulfate was loaded into polylactide-polyvinyl alcohol bioscaffolds as a highly soluble (hygroscopic) model drug for in vitro release [...] Read more.
This study explores the feasibility of modifying the surface liquid spraying method to prepare porous bioscaffolds intended for wound dressing applications. For this purpose, gentamicin sulfate was loaded into polylactide-polyvinyl alcohol bioscaffolds as a highly soluble (hygroscopic) model drug for in vitro release study. Moreover, the influence of inorganic salts including NaCl (10 g/L) and KMnO4 (0.4 mg/L), and post-thermal treatment (T) (80 °C for 2 min) on the properties of the bioscaffolds were studied. The bioscaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. In addition, other properties including porosity, swelling degree, water vapor transmission rate, entrapment efficiency, and the release of gentamicin sulfate were investigated. Results showed that high concentrations of NaCl (10 g/L) in the aqueous phase led to an increase of around 68% in the initial burst release due to the increase in porosity. In fact, porosity increased from 68.1 ± 1.2 to 94.1 ± 1.5. Moreover, the thermal treatment of the Polylactide-polyvinyl alcohol/NaCl (PLA-PVA/NaCl) bioscaffolds above glass transition temperature (Tg) reduced the initial burst release by approximately 11% and prolonged the release of the drug. These results suggest that thermal treatment of polymer above Tg can be an efficient approach for a sustained release. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers for Drug Delivery System)
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18 pages, 13343 KiB  
Article
Dual-Functional Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Coated with Polyvinyl Alcohol/5-Fluorouracil/Zinc-Aluminium-Layered Double Hydroxide for a Simultaneous Drug and Target Delivery System
by Mona Ebadi, Saifullah Bullo, Kalaivani Buskaran, Mohd Zobir Hussein, Sharida Fakurazi and Giorgia Pastorin
Polymers 2021, 13(6), 855; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13060855 - 10 Mar 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2885
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles are suitable for biomedical applications owing to their ability to anchor to various active agents and drugs, unique magnetic properties, nontoxicity, and biocompatibility. In this work, the physico-chemical and magnetic properties, as well as the cytotoxicity, of Fe3O [...] Read more.
Iron oxide nanoparticles are suitable for biomedical applications owing to their ability to anchor to various active agents and drugs, unique magnetic properties, nontoxicity, and biocompatibility. In this work, the physico-chemical and magnetic properties, as well as the cytotoxicity, of Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated with a polymeric carrier and loaded with a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) anti-cancer drug are discussed. The synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles were coated with polyvinyl alcohol and Zn/Al-layered double hydroxide as the drug host. The XRD, DTA/TG, and FTIR analyzes confirmed the presence of the coating layer on the surface of nanoparticles. The results showed a decrease in saturation magnetization of bare Fe3O4 nanoparticles after coating with the PVA/5FU/Zn/Al-LDH layer. In addition, the presence of the coating prevented the agglomeration of nanoparticles. Furthermore, the pseudo-second-order equation governed the kinetics of drug release. Finally, the coated nanoparticles showed stronger activity against liver cancer cells (HepG2) compared to that of the naked 5-FU drug, and displayed no cytotoxicity towards 3T3 fibroblast cell lines. The results of the present study demonstrate the potential of a nano delivery system for cancer treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers for Drug Delivery System)
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