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Precise Orbit Determination for Gravity Field Investigations

A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292). This special issue belongs to the section "Satellite Missions for Earth and Planetary Exploration".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 711

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy
Interests: gravity fields; precise orbit determination; planetary science; precise modeling

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Guest Editor
1. Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
2. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
Interests: gravity science; radio science; InSAR; topography; spectroscopy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The investigation of the gravity fields of celestial bodies has significantly advanced via the precise orbit determination (POD) of interplanetary spacecraft. Looking forward, numerous missions equipped with sophisticated radio tracking technologies are poised to further refine our understanding of the gravity fields of previously explored celestial objects and to embark on the initial study of others not yet visited. Beyond these forthcoming missions, a wealth of proposals are currently in review. Preliminary studies and numerical simulations are proving indispensable in evaluating the potential scientific contributions of these proposed ventures. Various types of radiometric data are used, such as range and range-rate measurements, whose performance has significantly improved since the advent of robotic spacecraft exploration, thus offering the more precise detection of gravitational effects. The integration of different data types—including VLBI, DOR, inter-satellite links, and optical landmark tracking—has been used to substantially augment the scientific return of deep-space missions, especially in challenging dynamical environments.

This Special Issue, entitled “Precise Orbit Determination for Gravity Field Investigations”, explores advanced methodologies and applications in the field of spacecraft tracking, planetary gravimetry, and geodesy. The Issue delves into how the precise orbit determination of spacecraft supports and empowers our quest to understanding planetary gravity fields, which in turn informs the models of planetary interior structures and dynamics.

Suggested topics include the following:

  • Advanced techniques for the calibration, analysis, and processing of radiometric data for POD aimed at enabling gravity measurements.
  • Advanced mission concepts, enabling next generation POD.
  • Analysis of static and time-variable gravity fields, influenced by factors like tidal forces, subsurface fluid layers, atmospheric mass motion including thermal tides, the atmospheric deposition of polar caps, and the movement of surface volatiles.
  • Interpretation of gravity measurements for probing the interior structure of a celestial object.
  • Investigations of rotational dynamics, with the aim of constraining the physical characteristics of planetary cores.
  • Integration of various types of data to differentiate plausible interior models of planetary bodies.

Dr. Ivan di Stefano
Dr. Gael Cascioli
Prof. Dr. Baocheng Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • precise orbit determination
  • radio science
  • interplanetary missions
  • planetary science
  • satellite geodesy
  • planetary interiors
  • gravity fields

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 9191 KiB  
Article
Revisiting GRACE Follow-On KBR Antenna Phase Center Calibration by Addressing Multipath Noise
by Haosi Li, Peng Xu, He Tang and Shuang Yi
Remote Sens. 2025, 17(3), 353; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17030353 - 21 Jan 2025
Viewed by 303
Abstract
The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRFO) mission precisely measures the inter-satellite range between the centers of mass of its twin satellites to map the earth’s gravity field. The baseline ranging measurement is achieved using the K-band ranging (KBR) system, which is [...] Read more.
The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRFO) mission precisely measures the inter-satellite range between the centers of mass of its twin satellites to map the earth’s gravity field. The baseline ranging measurement is achieved using the K-band ranging (KBR) system, which is sensitive to satellite attitude variations caused by the offset between the satellite center of mass and the KBR antenna phase center. Accurate decoupling of the KBR range from attitude variations requires precise determination of the KBR’s antenna offset vectors (AOVs). To address this, GRFO conducted eight KBR calibration maneuvers on 17 and 28 September 2020. However, these maneuvers exaggerated the impact of microwave multipath noise, complicating AOV estimation. Existing studies have not fully mitigated this noise. This study introduces a new frequency-domain method to estimate AOVs by leveraging double-difference signals and analyzing their spectral characteristics, along with those of the KBR range during calibration maneuvers, to suppress multipath noise. Our recalibrated AOVs achieve good alignment between the KBR and laser ranging interferometer (LRI) ranging signals. We validate our recalibrated AOVs by comparing the residuals between the LRI and KBR ranging signals corrected using both recalibrated AOVs and documented AOVs. The results show that, for the majority (58.4%) of the analyzed period (from January 2020 to June 2023), the residuals corrected by the recalibrated AOVs are closer to the LRI ranging signal. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in addressing multipath noise and improving the accuracy of KBR range measurements. This work provides a framework for future gravity missions requiring precise calibration of multipath effects in inter-satellite ranging systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Precise Orbit Determination for Gravity Field Investigations)
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