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Integrated Sensor Systems for Environmental Applications
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Integrated Sensor Systems for Environmental Applications

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2025 | Viewed by 6157

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Paddy J. French

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Microelectronics, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
Interests: integrated sensor systems; micromachining; in particular for medical and environmental applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Marios Sophocleous

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
eBOS, Arch. Makariou III and Mesaorias 1, office 101, 2322 Lakatamia, Cyprus
Interests: environment sensing; system integration

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Integrated sensor systems for environmental applications involve the use of various sensors and technologies to monitor and analyze environmental parameters in real-time. These systems are critical for understanding and managing environmental issues, such as pollution, climate change, and ecosystem health. They provide valuable data to scientists, policymakers, and the public, enabling informed decision-making and the implementation of effective environmental management strategies. By harnessing the power of integrated sensor systems, we can better understand environmental dynamics, address environmental challenges, and work towards a more sustainable and resilient future.

This Special Issue therefore aims to collate original research and review articles on recent advances, technologies, solutions, applications, and new challenges in the field of integrated sensor systems.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Sustainability Management;
  • Biodiversity Monitoring;
  • Remote Monitoring and Real-time Data;
  • Radiation Sensors;
  • Air/Water/Soil Quality Monitoring;
  • Weather Monitoring;
  • Pollution Detection;
  • Environmental Data Analysis;
  • Resource Conservation.

Prof. Dr. Paddy J. French
Dr. Marios Sophocleous
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • integrated sensor systems
  • sensor networks
  • environment monitoring
  • gas sensors, lab-on-a-chip

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 5328 KiB  
Article
One-Point Calibration of Low-Cost Sensors for Particulate Air Matter (PM) Concentration Measurement
by Luigi Russi, Paolo Guidorzi, Giovanni Semprini, Arianna Trentini and Beatrice Pulvirenti
Sensors 2025, 25(3), 692; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25030692 - 24 Jan 2025
Viewed by 369
Abstract
The use of low-cost sensors has dramatically increased in recent years in all engineering sectors. In the buildings and automotive field, low-cost sensors open very interesting perspectives, because they allow one to monitor temperature and humidity distributions together with air quality in a [...] Read more.
The use of low-cost sensors has dramatically increased in recent years in all engineering sectors. In the buildings and automotive field, low-cost sensors open very interesting perspectives, because they allow one to monitor temperature and humidity distributions together with air quality in a widespread and punctual way and allow for the control of all energy parameters. The main issue remains the validation of the measurements. In this work, we propose an innovative approach to verify the measurements given by some low-cost systems built ad hoc for automotive applications. Two independent low-cost measurement systems were set to measure Particulate Air Matter (PM) concentration, TVOC concentration, CO2 concentration, formaldehyde concentration, air temperature, relative humidity, pressure, air flow velocity, and GPS position. These systems were calibrated for PM concentration measurement by comparison with standard and certified sensors used by the regional authority of the Emilia-Romagna region (ARPAE, Italy) for characterizing air quality. The duration of the analysis, three days, is not representative of the diverse environmental conditions that occur across different seasons. However, the innovation of this approach lies in both the in-field comparison of low-cost and high-quality sensors and the use of proper conversion approaches for mass concentration measurements. A quantitative analysis of the sensors’ performance is given, with a focus on the effects of time granularity, relative humidity, mass conversion from particle counts, and size detection response. The results show that the low-cost sensors’ measurements of air temperature, relative humidity, and particle number concentration are in good agreement with high-quality sensors’ measurements, with a strong impact of relative humidity on performance indicators. Overall, good quality and consistency of the data among the sensors were achieved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Sensor Systems for Environmental Applications)
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21 pages, 3193 KiB  
Article
Methane Quantification Performance of the Quantitative Optical Gas Imaging (QOGI) System Using Single-Blind Controlled Release Assessment
by Chiemezie Ilonze, Jiayang (Lyra) Wang, Arvind P. Ravikumar and Daniel Zimmerle
Sensors 2024, 24(13), 4044; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24134044 - 21 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1708
Abstract
Quantitative optical gas imaging (QOGI) system can rapidly quantify leaks detected by optical gas imaging (OGI) cameras across the oil and gas supply chain. A comprehensive evaluation of the QOGI system’s quantification capability is needed for the successful adoption of the technology. This [...] Read more.
Quantitative optical gas imaging (QOGI) system can rapidly quantify leaks detected by optical gas imaging (OGI) cameras across the oil and gas supply chain. A comprehensive evaluation of the QOGI system’s quantification capability is needed for the successful adoption of the technology. This study conducted single-blind experiments to examine the quantification performance of the FLIR QL320 QOGI system under near-field conditions at a pseudo-realistic, outdoor, controlled testing facility that mimics upstream and midstream natural gas operations. The study completed 357 individual measurements across 26 controlled releases and 71 camera positions for release rates between 0.1 kg Ch4/h and 2.9 kg Ch4/h of compressed natural gas (which accounts for more than 90% of typical component-level leaks in several production facilities). The majority (75%) of measurements were within a quantification factor of 3 (quantification error of −67% to 200%) with individual errors between −90% and 831%, which reduced to −79% to +297% when the mean of estimates of the same controlled release from multiple camera positions was considered. Performance improved with increasing release rate, using clear sky as plume background, and at wind speeds ≤1 mph relative to other measurement conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Sensor Systems for Environmental Applications)
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36 pages, 14539 KiB  
Article
Environmental Quality bOX (EQ-OX): A Portable Device Embedding Low-Cost Sensors Tailored for Comprehensive Indoor Environmental Quality Monitoring
by Jacopo Corona, Stefano Tondini, Duccio Gallichi Nottiani, Riccardo Scilla, Andrea Gambaro, Wilmer Pasut, Francesco Babich and Roberto Lollini
Sensors 2024, 24(7), 2176; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072176 - 28 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2136
Abstract
The continuous monitoring of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) plays a crucial role in improving our understanding of the prominent parameters affecting building users’ health and perception of their environment. In field studies, indoor environment monitoring often does not go beyond the assessment of [...] Read more.
The continuous monitoring of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) plays a crucial role in improving our understanding of the prominent parameters affecting building users’ health and perception of their environment. In field studies, indoor environment monitoring often does not go beyond the assessment of air temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 concentration, lacking consideration of other important parameters due to budget constraints and the complexity of multi-dimensional signal analyses. In this paper, we introduce the Environmental Quality bOX (EQ-OX) system, which was designed for the simultaneous monitoring of quantities of some of the main IEQs with a low level of uncertainty and an affordable cost. Up to 15 parameters can be acquired at a time. The system embeds only low-cost sensors (LCSs) within a compact case, enabling vast-scale monitoring campaigns in residential and office buildings. The results of our laboratory and field tests show that most of the selected LCSs can match the accuracy required for indoor campaigns. A lightweight data processing algorithm has been used for the benchmark. Our intent is to estimate the correlation achievable between the detected quantities and reference measurements when a linear correction is applied. Such an approach allows for a preliminary assessment of which LCSs are the most suitable for a cost-effective IEQ monitoring system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Sensor Systems for Environmental Applications)
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17 pages, 16396 KiB  
Article
Measurement Errors When Measuring Temperature in the Sun
by Florian Teichmann, Alexander Pichlhöfer, Abdulah Sulejmanovski and Azra Korjenic
Sensors 2024, 24(5), 1564; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051564 - 28 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1202
Abstract
In the validation of microclimate simulation software, the comparison of simulation results with on-site measurements is a common practice. To ensure reliable validation, it is crucial to utilize high-quality temperature sensors with a deviation smaller than the average absolute error of the simulation [...] Read more.
In the validation of microclimate simulation software, the comparison of simulation results with on-site measurements is a common practice. To ensure reliable validation, it is crucial to utilize high-quality temperature sensors with a deviation smaller than the average absolute error of the simulation software. However, previous validation campaigns have identified significant absolute errors, particularly during periods of high solar radiation, possibly attributed to the use of non-ventilated radiation shields. This study addresses the issue by introducing a ventilated radiation shield created through 3D printing, aiming to enhance the accuracy of measurements on cloudless summer days with intense solar radiation. The investigation employs two pairs of sensors, each comprising one sensor with a ventilated and one with a non-ventilated radiation shield, placed on a south-oriented facade with two distinct albedos. Results from the measurement campaign indicate that the air temperature measured by the non-ventilated sensor is elevated by up to 2.8 °C at high albedo and up to 1.9 °C at a low albedo facade, compared to measurements with the ventilated radiation shield. An in-depth analysis of means, standard deviations, and 95% fractiles highlights the strong dependency of the non-ventilated sensor error on wind velocity. This research underscores the importance of employing ventilated radiation shields for accurate microclimate measurements, particularly in scenarios involving high solar radiation, contributing valuable insights for researchers and practitioners engaged in microclimate simulation validation processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Sensor Systems for Environmental Applications)
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