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Sensors and Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Neurodegenerative Disease Diagnosis

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2025 | Viewed by 6727

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Applied Physics, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Interests: neurodegenerative disease; ophthalmology and visual science; artificial intelligence technologies; algorithm, sensing

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Applied Physics, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
2. Institute of Nanoscience and Materials of Aragon (INMA), CSIC—University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Interests: nonlinear plasmonics; 2D metamaterials; condensed matter nanophotonics; numerical methods
Department of Applied Physics, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Interests: artificial intelligence; neurodegenerative disease; retinal

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, research groups have focused on developing new early-diagnosis and monitoring strategies for neurodegenerative disease based on objective biomarkers. They have especially concentrated on alternative non-invasive techniques that are less expensive, safer, and more comfortable for patients than a lumbar puncture to remove cerebrospinal fluid or MRI with intravenous contrast. Artificial intelligence has demonstrated its ability to process large quantities of data for creating diagnosis algorithms, which are able to predict or detect these pathologies. These algorithms can be developed using raw data from different diagnosis devices and to improve their diagnostic capacity.

This Special Issue focuses on the application of data-processing algorithms obtained from diagnostic sensor equipment applied to diagnosing and monitoring neurodegenerative diseases with the aim of helping in early detection.

Dr. Sofia Zaira Otin Mallada
Dr. Sergio G Rodrigo
Dr. Jorge Ares
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • artificial intelligence
  • neurodegenerative disease
  • Alzheimer disease
  • Parkinson disease
  • multiple sclerosis
  • biomarker
  • algorithm
  • sensing

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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27 pages, 4633 KiB  
Article
Assistance Device Based on SSVEP-BCI Online to Control a 6-DOF Robotic Arm
by Maritza Albán-Escobar, Pablo Navarrete-Arroyo, Danni Rodrigo De la Cruz-Guevara and Johanna Tobar-Quevedo
Sensors 2024, 24(6), 1922; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24061922 - 17 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1748
Abstract
This paper explores the potential benefits of integrating a brain–computer interface (BCI) utilizing the visual-evoked potential paradigm (SSVEP) with a six-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) robotic arm to enhance rehabilitation tools. The SSVEP-BCI employs electroencephalography (EEG) as a method of measuring neural responses inside the occipital [...] Read more.
This paper explores the potential benefits of integrating a brain–computer interface (BCI) utilizing the visual-evoked potential paradigm (SSVEP) with a six-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) robotic arm to enhance rehabilitation tools. The SSVEP-BCI employs electroencephalography (EEG) as a method of measuring neural responses inside the occipital lobe in reaction to pre-established visual stimulus frequencies. The BCI offline and online studies yielded accuracy rates of 75% and 83%, respectively, indicating the efficacy of the system in accurately detecting and capturing user intent. The robotic arm achieves planar motion by utilizing a total of five control frequencies. The results of this experiment exhibited a high level of precision and consistency, as indicated by the recorded values of ±0.85 and ±1.49 cm for accuracy and repeatability, respectively. Moreover, during the performance tests conducted with the task of constructing a square within each plane, the system demonstrated accuracy of 79% and 83%. The use of SSVEP-BCI and a robotic arm together shows promise and sets a solid foundation for the development of assistive technologies that aim to improve the health of people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spina bifida, and other related diseases. Full article
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14 pages, 1202 KiB  
Article
Deep Multi-Branch CNN Architecture for Early Alzheimer’s Detection from Brain MRIs
by Paul K. Mandal and Rakeshkumar V. Mahto
Sensors 2023, 23(19), 8192; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23198192 - 30 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1884
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that can cause dementia and result in a severe reduction in brain function, inhibiting simple tasks, especially if no preventative care is taken. Over 1 in 9 Americans suffer from AD-induced dementia, and unpaid care for [...] Read more.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that can cause dementia and result in a severe reduction in brain function, inhibiting simple tasks, especially if no preventative care is taken. Over 1 in 9 Americans suffer from AD-induced dementia, and unpaid care for people with AD-related dementia is valued at USD 271.6 billion. Hence, various approaches have been developed for early AD diagnosis to prevent its further progression. In this paper, we first review other approaches that could be used for the early detection of AD. We then give an overview of our dataset and propose a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture consisting of 7,866,819 parameters. This model comprises three different convolutional branches, each having a different length. Each branch is comprised of different kernel sizes. This model can predict whether a patient is non-demented, mild-demented, or moderately demented with a 99.05% three-class accuracy. In summary, the deep CNN model demonstrated exceptional accuracy in the early diagnosis of AD, offering a significant advancement in the field and the potential to improve patient care. Full article
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Review

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32 pages, 411 KiB  
Review
Breaking Barriers: Exploring Neurotransmitters through In Vivo vs. In Vitro Rivalry
by Gabriel Philippe Lachance, Dominic Gauvreau, Élodie Boisselier, Mounir Boukadoum and Amine Miled
Sensors 2024, 24(2), 647; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020647 - 19 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2389
Abstract
Neurotransmitter analysis plays a pivotal role in diagnosing and managing neurodegenerative diseases, often characterized by disturbances in neurotransmitter systems. However, prevailing methods for quantifying neurotransmitters involve invasive procedures or require bulky imaging equipment, therefore restricting accessibility and posing potential risks to patients. The [...] Read more.
Neurotransmitter analysis plays a pivotal role in diagnosing and managing neurodegenerative diseases, often characterized by disturbances in neurotransmitter systems. However, prevailing methods for quantifying neurotransmitters involve invasive procedures or require bulky imaging equipment, therefore restricting accessibility and posing potential risks to patients. The innovation of compact, in vivo instruments for neurotransmission analysis holds the potential to reshape disease management. This innovation can facilitate non-invasive and uninterrupted monitoring of neurotransmitter levels and their activity. Recent strides in microfabrication have led to the emergence of diminutive instruments that also find applicability in in vitro investigations. By harnessing the synergistic potential of microfluidics, micro-optics, and microelectronics, this nascent realm of research holds substantial promise. This review offers an overarching view of the current neurotransmitter sensing techniques, the advances towards in vitro microsensors tailored for monitoring neurotransmission, and the state-of-the-art fabrication techniques that can be used to fabricate those microsensors. Full article
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