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Advances in Image Sensor Technology for Physicochemical and Biomedical Applications

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Sensing and Imaging".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 September 2024) | Viewed by 4182

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Ministry of Instruction, University and Research (MIUR), Technical Technological Institute of Messina, 98123 Messina, Italy
2. CISFA (Interuniversity Consortium of Applied Physical Sciences), Viale Ferdinando Stagno D' Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
Interests: biophysics; electromagnetic fields; spectroscopy; solar energy; astrophysics; topography
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Image sensors are ubiquitous. In medical equipment used in hospitals, electronic image sensors provide unprecedented accuracy in applications ranging from diagnosis to the most advanced surgical techniques. Even in industry, most mechanical or thermal devices have now been replaced by versatile devices using electronic image sensors that are almost always wireless, allowing remote operation. Additionally, in modern physical and chemical research laboratories, highly sophisticated instruments are used which work based on the use of electronic image sensors instead of the obsolete measuring instruments of the past. One example is represented by the optical spectroscopes used decades ago, now replaced by versatile and precise spectrometers coupled to microscopes equipped with a CCD camera that can provide a visible range of acquired spectra as well as a computerized X–Y stage. Modern medicine in clinical investigations and surgical interventions can no longer do without sophisticated electronic image sensors that provide both accuracy and automation. Most of the modern tools used in everyday life use wireless electronic image sensors, and now depend on them. The peculiarity of these technologies is mainly related to the efficiency and speed of electromagnetic waves in transporting information acquired by sensors. 

The price we pay for these benefits is increasing exposure to electromagnetic fields, whose harmful effects on human health have been highlighted by a huge number of studies. For this reason, it is necessary to keep in mind the need for the future design of such devices, taking into account the limits of exposure to electromagnetic fields recommended by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP).

The aim of this thematic Special Issue is to provide a forum for research highlighting the new approaches in the applications of electronic sensor technology in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine.

This Issue will address topics including but not limited to the following:

  • Electronic imaging in astronomy;
  • Electron microscopy;
  • X-ray microscopy in biology;
  • CCD imaging in spectroscopy and spectrophotometry;
  • CMOS image sensors in chemical detection;
  • Electronic systems for medical diagnostic imaging;
  • CMOS image sensors in surgical applications;
  • Digital imaging in photogrammetry;
  • Thermal imaging in engineering;
  • Monitoring electromagnetic radiation emitted by electronic image sensors.

Prof. Dr. Emanuele Calabrò
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electron microscopy
  • X-ray microscopy
  • CCD imaging
  • CMOS image sensors
  • electronic imaging
  • digital imaging
  • thermal imaging

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 10907 KiB  
Article
Metallic Artifacts’ Reduction in Microtomography Using the Bone- and Soft-Tissue Decomposition Method
by Jan Juszczyk, Jakub Pałachniak and Ewa Piętka
Sensors 2024, 24(22), 7108; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24227108 - 5 Nov 2024
Viewed by 577
Abstract
Artifacts in computed tomography and X-ray microtomography are image distortions caused by various factors. Some can be reduced before or during the examination, while others are removed algorithmically after image acquisition. The latter group includes metallic artifacts caused by metal objects in the [...] Read more.
Artifacts in computed tomography and X-ray microtomography are image distortions caused by various factors. Some can be reduced before or during the examination, while others are removed algorithmically after image acquisition. The latter group includes metallic artifacts caused by metal objects in the sample. This paper proposes a new method for eliminating metallic artifacts, applying a bone- and soft-tissue decomposition (BSTD) algorithm to microtomography raw data before the reconstruction process. We show that the decomposition algorithm can effectively remove metallic artifacts in microCT images, which increases the image contrast and allows for better visualization of regions near the metallic elements. For quantity analysis, we computed SSIM and PSNR factors, and we observed values increasing from 0.97 to 0.99 and from 40 dB to 43 dB, respectively. Full article
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18 pages, 7528 KiB  
Article
Experimental Analysis of Tear Fluid and Its Processing for the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
by Vladimíra Tomečková, Soňa Tkáčiková, Ivan Talian, Gabriela Fabriciová, Andrej Hovan, Daria Kondrakhova, Katarína Zakutanská, Miriama Skirková, Vladimír Komanický and Natália Tomašovičová
Sensors 2023, 23(11), 5251; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23115251 - 1 Jun 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2856
Abstract
A pilot analysis of the tear fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) collected by glass microcapillary was performed using various experimental methods: liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and atomic-force microscopy. Infrared spectroscopy found no significant difference between the tear fluid [...] Read more.
A pilot analysis of the tear fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) collected by glass microcapillary was performed using various experimental methods: liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and atomic-force microscopy. Infrared spectroscopy found no significant difference between the tear fluid of MS patients and the control spectra; all three significant peaks were located at around the same positions. Raman analysis showed differences between the spectra of the tear fluid of MS patients and the spectra of healthy subjects, which indicated a decrease in tryptophan and phenylalanine content and changes in the relative contributions of the secondary structures of the polypeptide chains of tear proteins. Atomic-force microscopy exhibited a surface fern-shaped dendrite morphology of the tear fluid of patients with MS, with less roughness on both oriented silicon (100) and glass substrates compared to the tear fluid of control subjects. The results of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry showed downregulation of glycosphingolipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Proteomic analysis identified upregulated proteins in the tear fluid of patients with MS such as cystatine, phospholipid transfer protein, transcobalamin-1, immunoglobulin lambda variable 1–47, lactoperoxidase, and ferroptosis suppressor protein 1; and downregulated proteins such as haptoglobin, prosaposin, cytoskeletal keratin type I pre-mRNA-processing factor 17, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and phospholipase A2. This study showed that the tear proteome in patients with MS is modified and can reflect inflammation. Tear fluid is not a commonly used biological material in clinico-biochemical laboratories. Experimental proteomics has the potential to become a promising contemporary tool for personalized medicine, and it might be applied in clinical practice by providing a detailed analysis of the tear-fluid proteomic profile of patients with MS. Full article
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