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Energy Efficient Design in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Sensor Networks".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2025) | Viewed by 6360

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
Interests: green networks; traffic optimization; traffic control and monitoring in cellular systems; QoE guarantee for MoIP services; routing in WMN; machine learning algorithms for network functions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
atlanTTic Research Center for Telecommunications Technologies, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
Interests: green networking; quality of service in the internet; performance analysis of computer networks; ICNs & NDN
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
Interests: green networking; virtualization of network functions and services
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wireless ad hoc and sensor networks have become increasingly popular due to their versatility and flexibility in various applications. However, the limited energy resources of these networks have become a critical bottleneck for their deployment and sustainability. Energy-efficient design is essential to ensure the longevity and reliability of these networks, while also reducing their operational and maintenance costs.

This Special Issue focuses on the importance of energy efficiency in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks, highlighting the key challenges and potential solutions for addressing energy constraints. The Special Issue will also explore the role of emerging technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Beyond 5G, in the development of energy-efficient wireless ad hoc and sensor networks.

The topics covered in this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, energy-efficient routing protocols, modulation and coding schemes, MAC protocols, and network architectures. This Special Issue also welcomes research on the integration of machine learning and artificial intelligence in energy-efficient design. Overall, this Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art research in energy-efficient design in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks, and to stimulate further research and development in this important area.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • Energy-efficient routing protocols
  • Energy-efficient MAC protocols
  • Data aggregation and compression techniques for sensor networks
  • Localization and tracking algorithms for green ad hoc and sensor networks
  • Data dissemination and gathering techniques for green ad hoc and sensor networks
  • Sensor network deployment strategies and optimization techniques
  • Scheduling and resource allocation for green communications
  • Software and hardware design
  • Green home networks
  • Novel network architectures for green ad hoc and sensor networks
  • Energy-efficient transport layer protocols
  • Machine learning approaches for energy management
  • Green satellite communications
  • Energy saving opportunities in information-centric networks

Dr. Rosario Giuseppe Garroppo
Dr. Sergio Herrería Alonso
Dr. Miguel Rodríguez Pérez
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 918 KiB  
Article
Self-Organizing and Routing Approach for Condition Monitoring of Railway Tunnels Based on Linear Wireless Sensor Network
by Haibo Yang, Huidong Guo, Junying Jia, Zhengfeng Jia and Aiyang Ren
Sensors 2024, 24(20), 6502; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24206502 - 10 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 930
Abstract
Real-time status monitoring is crucial in ensuring the safety of railway tunnel traffic. The primary monitoring method currently involves deploying sensors to form a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Due to the linear characteristics of railway tunnels, the resulting sensor networks usually have a [...] Read more.
Real-time status monitoring is crucial in ensuring the safety of railway tunnel traffic. The primary monitoring method currently involves deploying sensors to form a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Due to the linear characteristics of railway tunnels, the resulting sensor networks usually have a linear topology known as a thick Linear Wireless Sensor Network (LWSN). In practice, sensors are deployed randomly within the area, and to balance the energy consumption among nodes and extend the network’s lifespan, this paper proposes a self-organizing network and routing method based on thick LWSNs. This method can discover the topology, form the network from randomly deployed sensor nodes, establish adjacency relationships, and automatically form clusters using a timing mechanism. In the routing, considering the cluster heads’ load, residual energy, and the distance to the sink node, the optimal next-hop cluster head is selected to minimize energy disparity among nodes. Simulation experiments demonstrate that this method has significant advantages in balancing network energy and extending network lifespan for LWSNs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Efficient Design in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks)
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17 pages, 29455 KiB  
Article
FloatingBlue: A Delay Tolerant Networks-Enabled Internet of Things Architecture for Remote Areas Combining Data Mules and Low Power Communications
by Ruan C. M. Teixeira, Celso B. Carvalho, Carlos T. Calafate, Edjair Mota, Rubens A. Fernandes, Andre L. Printes and Lennon B. F. Nascimento
Sensors 2024, 24(19), 6218; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196218 - 26 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1536
Abstract
Monitoring vast and remote areas like forests using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) presents significant challenges, such as limited energy resources and signal attenuation over long distances due to natural obstacles. Traditional solutions often require extensive infrastructure, which is impractical in such environments. To [...] Read more.
Monitoring vast and remote areas like forests using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) presents significant challenges, such as limited energy resources and signal attenuation over long distances due to natural obstacles. Traditional solutions often require extensive infrastructure, which is impractical in such environments. To address these limitations, we introduce the “FloatingBlue” architecture. This architecture, known for its superior energy efficiency, combines Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology with Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) and data mules. It leverages BLE’s low power consumption for energy-efficient sensor broadcasts while utilizing DTN-enabled data mules to collect data from dispersed sensors without constant network connectivity. Deployed in a remote agricultural area in the Amazon region, “FloatingBlue” demonstrated significant improvements in energy efficiency and communication range, with a high Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR). The developed BLE beacon sensor achieved state-of-the-art energy consumption levels, using only 2.25 µJ in sleep mode and 11.8 µJ in transmission mode. Our results highlight “FloatingBlue” as a robust, low-power solution for remote monitoring in challenging environments, offering an energy-efficient and scalable alternative to traditional WSN approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Efficient Design in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks)
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27 pages, 7773 KiB  
Article
Charging Scheduling Method for Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks Based on Energy Consumption Rate Prediction for Nodes
by Songjiang Huang, Chao Sha, Xinyi Zhu, Jingwen Wang and Ruchuan Wang
Sensors 2024, 24(18), 5931; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24185931 - 12 Sep 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1601
Abstract
With the development of the IoT, Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (WRSNs) derive more and more application scenarios with diverse performance requirements. In scenarios where the energy consumption rate of sensor nodes changes dynamically, most existing charging scheduling methods are not applicable. The incorrect [...] Read more.
With the development of the IoT, Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (WRSNs) derive more and more application scenarios with diverse performance requirements. In scenarios where the energy consumption rate of sensor nodes changes dynamically, most existing charging scheduling methods are not applicable. The incorrect estimation of node energy requirement may lead to the death of critical nodes, resulting in missing events. To address this issue, we consider both the spatial imbalance and temporal dynamics of the energy consumption of the nodes, and minimize the Event Missing Rate (EMR) as the goal. Firstly, an Energy Consumption Balanced Tree (ECBT) construction method is proposed to prolong the lifetime of each node. Then, we transform the goal into Maximizing the value of the Evaluation function of each node’s Energy Consumption Rate prediction (MEECR). Afterwards, the setting of the evaluation function is explored and the MEECR is further transformed into a variant of the knapsack problem, namely “the alternating backpack problem”, and solved by dynamic programming. After predicting the energy consumption rate of the nodes, a charging scheduling scheme that meets the Dual Constraints of Nodes’ energy requirements and MC’s capability (DCNM) is developed. Simulations demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method. Compared to the baselines, the EMR was reduced by an average of 35.2% and 26.9%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Efficient Design in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks)
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14 pages, 675 KiB  
Article
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Based Compressed Data Acquisition for Environmental Monitoring in WSNs
by Cuicui Lv, Linchuang Yang, Xinxin Zhang, Xiangming Li, Peijin Wang and Zhenbin Du
Sensors 2023, 23(20), 8546; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23208546 - 18 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1382
Abstract
With the increasing concerns for the environment, the amount of the data monitored by wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is becoming larger and the energy required for data transmission is greater. However, sensor nodes have limited storage capacity and battery power. The WSNs are [...] Read more.
With the increasing concerns for the environment, the amount of the data monitored by wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is becoming larger and the energy required for data transmission is greater. However, sensor nodes have limited storage capacity and battery power. The WSNs are faced with the challenge of handling larger data volumes while minimizing energy consumption for transmission. To address this issue, this paper employs data compression technology to eliminate redundant information in the environmental data, thereby reducing energy consumption of sensor nodes. Additionally, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted compressed data acquisition algorithm is put forward. In this algorithm, compressive sensing (CS) is introduced to decrease the amount of data in the network and the UAV serves as a mobile aerial base station for efficient data gathering. Based on CS theory, the UAV selectively collects measurements from a subset of sensor nodes along a route planned using the optimized greedy algorithm with variation and insertion strategies. Once the UAV returns, the sink node reconstructs sensory data from these measurements using the reconstruction algorithms. Extensive experiments are conducted to verify the performance of this algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has lower energy consumption compared to other approaches. Furthermore, we employ different data reconstruction algorithms to recover data and discover that the data can be better reconstructed in a shorter time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Efficient Design in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks)
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