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Guided Waves for Structural Health Monitoring (GW4SHM)
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Guided Waves for Structural Health Monitoring (GW4SHM)

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 3271

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jens Prager

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Non-Destructive Testing, Acoustic and Electromagnetic Methods Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -Prüfung (BAM), 12205 Berlin, Germany
Interests: lamb waves; damage detection
Dr. Luca De Marchi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Interests: signal processing; NDT; ultrasound; SHM; sensors; lamb waves; guided wave propagation; damage detection; acoustic emissions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Structural health monitoring (SHM) is essential to guarantee the safe and reliable operation of technical appliances and engineering structures including chemical and power plants, gas and oil pipelines, transport systems, and aeronautic structures. Many sensing techniques have been investigated in the scientific literature to implement SHM systems. In particular, ultrasonic guided waves (GWs) are a promising approach to monitor the integrity of largely extended structures. In this context, this Special Issue plans to collect research outputs regarding the European Project “GW4SHM”, whose aim is to combine efficient simulation and signal processing tools for GW-based SHM, to assess the reliability of the monitoring systems, and to train a new generation of researchers, enabling them to convert SHM research into practical applications.

Dr. Jens Prager
Dr. Luca De Marchi
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 4770 KiB  
Article
Efficient Guided Wave Modelling for Tomographic Corrosion Mapping via One-Way Wavefield Extrapolation
by Emiel Hassefras, Arno Volker and Martin Verweij
Sensors 2024, 24(12), 3750; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24123750 - 9 Jun 2024
Viewed by 572
Abstract
Mapping corrosion depths along pipeline sections using guided-wave-based tomographic methods is a challenging task. Accurate defect sizing depends heavily on the precision of the forward model in guided wave tomography. This model is fitted to measured data using inversion techniques. This study evaluates [...] Read more.
Mapping corrosion depths along pipeline sections using guided-wave-based tomographic methods is a challenging task. Accurate defect sizing depends heavily on the precision of the forward model in guided wave tomography. This model is fitted to measured data using inversion techniques. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a recursive extrapolation scheme for tomography applications and full waveform inversion. It employs a table-driven approach, with precomputed extrapolation operators stored across a spectrum of wavenumbers. This enables fast modelling for extensive pipe sections, approaching the speed of ray tracing while accurately handling complex velocity models within the full frequency band. This ensures an accurate representation of diffraction phenomena. The study examines the assumptions underlying the extrapolation approach, namely, the negligible reflection and conversion of modes at defects. In our tomography approach, we intend to use multiple wave modes—A0, S0, and SH1—and helical paths. The acoustic extrapolation method is validated through numerical studies for different wave modes, solving the 3D elastodynamic wave equation. Comparison with an experimentally measured single-mode wavefield from an aluminium plate with an artificial defect reveals good agreement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Guided Waves for Structural Health Monitoring (GW4SHM))
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17 pages, 7360 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Welded Lap Joints Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves
by Hussain Altammar and Mohammad Faseeulla Khan
Sensors 2024, 24(5), 1384; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051384 - 21 Feb 2024
Viewed by 798
Abstract
Welded lap joints play a vital role in a wide range of engineering structures such as pipelines, storage tanks, pressure vessels, and ship hulls. This study aims to investigate the propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in steel welded lap joints for the baseline-free [...] Read more.
Welded lap joints play a vital role in a wide range of engineering structures such as pipelines, storage tanks, pressure vessels, and ship hulls. This study aims to investigate the propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in steel welded lap joints for the baseline-free inspection of joint defects using the mode conversion of Lamb waves. The finite element method was used to simulate a single lap joint with common defects such as corrosion and disbonding. To identify the propagating wave modes, a wavenumber–frequency analysis was conducted using the 2D fast Fourier transform. The power loss of the transmitted modes was also determined to identify damage in the lap joints. The results indicate that the A0 incident in pristine conditions experienced significant transmission losses of about 9.5 dB compared to an attenuation of 2.8 dB for the S0 incident. The presence of corrosion was found to reduce these transmission losses by more than 28%. In contrast, introducing disbonding in the lap joint increased the transmission loss of the S0 incident, while a negligible loss was observed for the A0 incident. The mode-converted S0 (MC-S) and mode-converted A0 (MC-A0) incidents were found to exhibit a unique sensitivity to the presence of corrosion and disbonding. The results indicate that MC-S0 and MC-A0 as well as Lamb mode incidents interact differently in terms of corrosion and disbonding, providing a means to identify damage without relying on baseline signals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Guided Waves for Structural Health Monitoring (GW4SHM))
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13 pages, 23402 KiB  
Article
On Dispersion Compensation for GAW-Based Structural Health Monitoring
by Alexander Backer, Viktor Fairuschin and Klaus Stefan Drese
Sensors 2023, 23(9), 4282; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23094282 - 26 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1204
Abstract
Guided acoustic waves (GAW) have proven to be a useful tool for structural health monitoring (SHM). However, the dispersive nature of commonly used Lamb waves compromises the spatial resolution making it difficult to detect small or weakly reflective defects. Here we demonstrate an [...] Read more.
Guided acoustic waves (GAW) have proven to be a useful tool for structural health monitoring (SHM). However, the dispersive nature of commonly used Lamb waves compromises the spatial resolution making it difficult to detect small or weakly reflective defects. Here we demonstrate an approach that can compensate for the dispersive effects, allowing advanced algorithms to be used with significantly higher signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution. In this paper, the sign coherence factor (SCF) extension of the total focusing method (TFM) algorithm is used. The effectiveness is examined by numerical simulation and experimentally demonstrated by detecting weakly reflective layers with a highly dispersive A0 mode on an aluminum plate, which are not detectable without compensating for the dispersion effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Guided Waves for Structural Health Monitoring (GW4SHM))
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