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Advances in Nanosensors and Nanogenerators
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Advances in Nanosensors and Nanogenerators

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 17240

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Krystian Mistewicz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Physics–Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 4 40-019 Katowice, Poland
Interests: nanocrystals; nanogenerators; energy harvesting; ferroelectrics; photovoltaic devices
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Multidisciplinary research on nanotechnology enables the design of miniaturized sensors. Different nanomaterials offer almost unlimited possibilities for new sensor platform designs to address the growing needs for enhanced sensitivity, selectivity, rapid response, reliable measuring in untreated samples, on-site testing, and miniaturization of sensing elements.

The last few decades have witnessed an impressive advancement in the realization of sensors based on nanotechnology achievements. Driven by the plethora of new nanostructures proposed by academic and industrial research teams working on apparently distant fields in nanoscience, new devices have been designed and realized as chemical, biological, diagnostic, or environmental nanosensors. In the last few years, intensive research has been carried out in the synthesis of functional nanomaterials with superior gas sensing performance (i.e., sensitivity, selectivity, and stability). Dots, nanowires, nanoribbons, nanotubes, nanorods, monolayers, and hierarchical nanomaterials, have been synthesized via a wide spectrum of techniques, including solution synthesis, smart anodization, spray pyrolysis, or chemical vapor deposition, to cite a few. The integration of these nanomaterials onto different transducer platforms, in particular MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) or polymeric, in view of obtaining functional nanosensors has been the subject of many studies, in which yield, reproducibility, reliability, and long-term stability have been addressed. The goal of this Special Issue is to bring together various on-going and frontier research regarding development of fundamental sciences, techniques, and end-of-use applications of nanosensors and nanogenerators. The areas of interest include new concepts for design, preparation, characterization, and applications of smart nanomaterials for various stimuli detection. 

Dr. Krystian Mistewicz
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanostructured materials
  • nanoparticles
  • nanotechnology
  • nanoparticle arrays
  • nano probes
  • nanosensors
  • nanogenerators
  • self-powered sensors
  • ferroelectric, pyroelectric, piezoelectric materials
  • self-assembly nanostructured materials
  • novel nanostructures and nanomaterials for sensing techniques and sensors
  • applications of nanosensors and nanogenerators
  • energy harvesting devices
  • surface plasmon resonance sensors
  • fabrication of novel nanosensors platforms
  • new micro and nanosensing schemes
  • sensing principle, system and application

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 8133 KiB  
Article
Bottom-Gated ZnO TFT Pressure Sensor with 1D Nanorods
by Ki-Nam Kim, Woon-San Ko, Jun-Ho Byun, Do-Yeon Lee, Jun-Kyo Jeong, Hi-Deok Lee and Ga-Won Lee
Sensors 2022, 22(22), 8907; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22228907 - 17 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2317
Abstract
In this study, a bottom-gated ZnO thin film transistor (TFT) pressure sensor with nanorods (NRs) is suggested. The NRs are formed on a planar channel of the TFT by hydrothermal synthesis for the mediators of pressure amplification. The fabricated devices show enhanced sensitivity [...] Read more.
In this study, a bottom-gated ZnO thin film transistor (TFT) pressure sensor with nanorods (NRs) is suggested. The NRs are formed on a planar channel of the TFT by hydrothermal synthesis for the mediators of pressure amplification. The fabricated devices show enhanced sensitivity by 16~20 times better than that of the thin film structure because NRs have a small pressure transmission area and causes more strain in the underlayered piezoelectric channel material. When making a sensor with a three-terminal structure, the leakage current in stand-by mode and optimal conductance state for pressure sensor is expected to be controlled by the gate voltage. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to identify the nanorods grown by hydrothermal synthesis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to compare ZnO crystallinity according to device structure and process conditions. To investigate the effect of NRs, channel mobility is also extracted experimentally and the lateral flow of current density is analyzed with simulation (COMSOL) showing that when the piezopotential due to polarization is formed vertically in the channel, the effective mobility is degraded. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanosensors and Nanogenerators)
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13 pages, 3321 KiB  
Article
Chlorine Gas Sensor with Surface Temperature Control
by Andrzej Krajewski, Shadi Houshyar, Lijing Wang and Rajiv Padhye
Sensors 2022, 22(12), 4643; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22124643 - 20 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2189
Abstract
The work describes the design, manufacturing, and user interface of a thin-film gas transducer platform that is able to provide real-time detection of toxic vapor. This proof-of-concept system has applications in the field of real-time detection of hazardous gaseous agents that are harmful [...] Read more.
The work describes the design, manufacturing, and user interface of a thin-film gas transducer platform that is able to provide real-time detection of toxic vapor. This proof-of-concept system has applications in the field of real-time detection of hazardous gaseous agents that are harmful to the person exposed to the environment. The small-size gas sensor allows for integration with an unmanned aerial vehicle, thus combining high-level mobility with the ability for the real-time detection of hazardous/toxic chemicals or use as a standalone system in industries that deal with harmful gaseous substances. The sensor was designed based on the ability of thin-film metal oxide sensors to detect chlorine gas in real time. Specifically, a concentration of 10 ppm of Cl2 was tested. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanosensors and Nanogenerators)
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14 pages, 4400 KiB  
Article
X-ray Diffraction and Piezoelectric Studies during Tensile Stress on Epoxy/SbSI Nanocomposite
by Marcin Godzierz, Bartłomiej Toroń, Piotr Szperlich, Piotr Olesik and Mateusz Kozioł
Sensors 2022, 22(10), 3886; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22103886 - 20 May 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1859
Abstract
In this paper, the performance of epoxy/SbSI nanocomposite under tensile stress was investigated. X-ray diffraction studies show the main stress mode has shear nature in the case of elastic deformation, while a combination of shear and tensile stress during plastic deformation caused lattice [...] Read more.
In this paper, the performance of epoxy/SbSI nanocomposite under tensile stress was investigated. X-ray diffraction studies show the main stress mode has shear nature in the case of elastic deformation, while a combination of shear and tensile stress during plastic deformation caused lattice deformation of SbSI and shift of sulfur atoms along the c axis of the unit cell. Apart from that, the piezoelectric signals were recorded during tensile tests. Epoxy/SbSI nanocomposite responded to the applied tensile stress by generating a piezoelectric current with a relatively high value. The measured piezoelectric peak-to-peak current is relatively high (Ip-p = 1 pA) in comparison to the current flowing through the sample (8.16 pA) under an applied voltage of 100 V. The current level is independent of the deformation speed rate in contradistinction to complex stress states. The signal comes from the whole volume of the sample between electrodes and is generated by shear stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanosensors and Nanogenerators)
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Review

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32 pages, 5673 KiB  
Review
Advances in Humidity Nanosensors and Their Application: Review
by Chin-An Ku and Chen-Kuei Chung
Sensors 2023, 23(4), 2328; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042328 - 20 Feb 2023
Cited by 37 | Viewed by 6264
Abstract
As the technology revolution and industrialization have flourished in the last few decades, the development of humidity nanosensors has become more important for the detection and control of humidity in the industry production line, food preservation, chemistry, agriculture and environmental monitoring. The new [...] Read more.
As the technology revolution and industrialization have flourished in the last few decades, the development of humidity nanosensors has become more important for the detection and control of humidity in the industry production line, food preservation, chemistry, agriculture and environmental monitoring. The new nanostructured materials and fabrication in nanosensors are linked to better sensor performance, especially for superior humidity sensing, following the intensive research into the design and synthesis of nanomaterials in the last few years. Various nanomaterials, such as ceramics, polymers, semiconductor and sulfide, carbon-based, triboelectrical nanogenerator (TENG), and MXene, have been studied for their potential ability to sense humidity with structures of nanowires, nanotubes, nanopores, and monolayers. These nanosensors have been synthesized via a wide range of processes, including solution synthesis, anodization, physical vapor deposition (PVD), or chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The sensing mechanism, process improvement and nanostructure modulation of different types of materials are mostly inexhaustible, but they are all inseparable from the goals of the effective response, high sensitivity and low response–recovery time of humidity sensors. In this review, we focus on the sensing mechanism of direct and indirect sensing, various fabrication methods, nanomaterial geometry and recent advances in humidity nanosensors. Various types of capacitive, resistive and optical humidity nanosensors are introduced, alongside illustration of the properties and nanostructures of various materials. The similarities and differences of the humidity-sensitive mechanisms of different types of materials are summarized. Applications such as IoT, and the environmental and human-body monitoring of nanosensors are the development trends for futures advancements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanosensors and Nanogenerators)
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24 pages, 6894 KiB  
Review
Recent Progress in Sensing Technology Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerators in Dynamic Behaviors
by Linjie Yao, He Zhang, Jiqing Jiang, Zhicheng Zhang and Xianglong Zheng
Sensors 2022, 22(13), 4837; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22134837 - 26 Jun 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2865
Abstract
Under the trend of the rapid development of the internet of things (IoT), sensing for dynamic behaviors is widely needed in many fields such as traffic management, industrial production, medical treatment, building health monitoring, etc. Due to the feature of power supply independence [...] Read more.
Under the trend of the rapid development of the internet of things (IoT), sensing for dynamic behaviors is widely needed in many fields such as traffic management, industrial production, medical treatment, building health monitoring, etc. Due to the feature of power supply independence and excellent working performance under a low-frequency environment, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) as sensors are attracting more and more attention. In this paper, a comprehensive review focusing on the recent advance of TENGs as sensors for dynamic behaviors is conducted. The structure and material are two major factors affecting the performance of sensors. Different structure designs are proposed to make the sensor suitable for different sensing occasions and improve the working performance of the sensors. As for materials, new materials with stronger abilities to gain or lose electrons are fabricated to obtain higher surface charge density. Improving the surface roughness of material by surface engineering techniques is another strategy to improve the output performance of TENG. Based on the advancement of TENG structures and materials, plenty of applications of TENG-based sensors have been developed such as city traffic management, human–computer interaction, health monitoring of infrastructure, etc. It is believed that TENG-based sensors will be gradually commercialized and become the mainstream sensors for dynamic sensing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanosensors and Nanogenerators)
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