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Advances and Application of Gas Sensors

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2021) | Viewed by 16077

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Departamento de Física, Universidad de Guadalajara, CUCEI, Marcelino García, C.P. Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
Interests: synthesis of nanostructured oxides; solid state gas sensors; UV sensors; photocatalysis
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Guest Editor
Departments of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdańsk University of Technology, ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-288 Gdańsk, Poland
Interests: noise; signal processing; gas sensors; two-dimensional materials; nanotechnology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Global climate change is undoubtedly one of the biggest challenges that human beings are facing, whose effects will prevail for many years. Since this phenomenon is promoted by the massive emission of gases whose origin is quite diverse, the development of gas-sensing materials and devices has been an area of growing interest and research for decades. Other relevant applications of gas sensors can be found in the prevention of traffic accidents, detection of toxic atmospheres in industrial or residential areas, fire prevention, internal combustion engines, etc.. This Special Issue invites contributions about the development of sensors for environmental or hazardous gases based on 3D hierarchical metal oxide structures, nanostructured inorganic compounds, thin films.

Prof. Dr. Carlos R. Michel
Prof. Dr. Janusz Smulko
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Environmental gas sensors
  • Nanostructured oxides
  • Semiconductor-based sensors
  • Toxic gases detection

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 6373 KiB  
Article
Hydrogen-Terminated Diamond Surface as a Gas Sensor: A Comparative Study of Its Sensitivities
by Michal Kočí, Alexander Kromka, Adam Bouřa, Ondrej Szabó and Miroslav Husák
Sensors 2021, 21(16), 5390; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165390 - 10 Aug 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3307
Abstract
A nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) layer is used as an active (sensing) part of a conductivity gas sensor. The properties of the sensor with an NCD with H-termination (response and time characteristic of resistance change) are measured by the same equipment with a similar [...] Read more.
A nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) layer is used as an active (sensing) part of a conductivity gas sensor. The properties of the sensor with an NCD with H-termination (response and time characteristic of resistance change) are measured by the same equipment with a similar setup and compared with commercial sensors, a conductivity sensor with a metal oxide (MOX) active material (resistance change), and an infrared pyroelectric sensor (output voltage change) in this study. The deposited layer structure is characterized and analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. Electrical properties (resistance change for conductivity sensors and output voltage change for the IR pyroelectric sensor) are examined for two types of gases, oxidizing (NO2) and reducing (NH3). The parameters of the tested sensors are compared and critically evaluated. Subsequently, differences in the gas sensing principles of these conductivity sensors, namely H-terminated NCD and SnO2, are described. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Application of Gas Sensors)
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Review

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20 pages, 4124 KiB  
Review
Recent Insights into the Measurement of Carbon Dioxide Concentrations for Clinical Practice in Respiratory Medicine
by Akira Umeda, Masahiro Ishizaka, Akane Ikeda, Kazuya Miyagawa, Atsumi Mochida, Hiroshi Takeda, Kotaro Takeda, Isato Fukushi, Yasumasa Okada and David Gozal
Sensors 2021, 21(16), 5636; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165636 - 21 Aug 2021
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 7234
Abstract
In the field of respiratory clinical practice, the importance of measuring carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations cannot be overemphasized. Within the body, assessment of the arterial partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2) has been the gold standard for many decades. [...] Read more.
In the field of respiratory clinical practice, the importance of measuring carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations cannot be overemphasized. Within the body, assessment of the arterial partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2) has been the gold standard for many decades. Non-invasive assessments are usually predicated on the measurement of CO2 concentrations in the air, usually using an infrared analyzer, and these data are clearly important regarding climate changes as well as regulations of air quality in buildings to ascertain adequate ventilation. Measurements of CO2 production with oxygen consumption yield important indices such as the respiratory quotient and estimates of energy expenditure, which may be used for further investigation in the various fields of metabolism, obesity, sleep disorders, and lifestyle-related issues. Measures of PaCO2 are nowadays performed using the Severinghaus electrode in arterial blood or in arterialized capillary blood, while the same electrode system has been modified to enable relatively accurate non-invasive monitoring of the transcutaneous partial pressure of CO2 (PtcCO2). PtcCO2 monitoring during sleep can be helpful for evaluating sleep apnea syndrome, particularly in children. End-tidal PCO2 is inferior to PtcCO2 as far as accuracy, but it provides breath-by-breath estimates of respiratory gas exchange, while PtcCO2 reflects temporal trends in alveolar ventilation. The frequency of monitoring end-tidal PCO2 has markedly increased in light of its multiple applications (e.g., verify endotracheal intubation, anesthesia or mechanical ventilation, exercise testing, respiratory patterning during sleep, etc.). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Application of Gas Sensors)
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18 pages, 1752 KiB  
Review
Insights in the Application of Stoichiometric and Non-Stoichiometric Titanium Oxides for the Design of Sensors for the Determination of Gases and VOCs (TiO2−x and TinO2n−1 vs. TiO2)
by Simonas Ramanavicius and Arunas Ramanavicius
Sensors 2020, 20(23), 6833; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236833 - 29 Nov 2020
Cited by 82 | Viewed by 4714
Abstract
In this review article, attention is paid towards the formation of various nanostructured stoichiometric titanium dioxide (TiO2), non-stoichiometric titanium oxide (TiO2−x) and Magnéli phase (TinO2n−1)-based layers, which are suitable for the application in gas and [...] Read more.
In this review article, attention is paid towards the formation of various nanostructured stoichiometric titanium dioxide (TiO2), non-stoichiometric titanium oxide (TiO2−x) and Magnéli phase (TinO2n−1)-based layers, which are suitable for the application in gas and volatile organic compound (VOC) sensors. Some aspects related to variation of sensitivity and selectivity of titanium oxide-based sensors are critically overviewed and discussed. The most promising titanium oxide-based hetero- and nano-structures are outlined. Recent research and many recently available reviews on TiO2-based sensors and some TiO2 synthesis methods are discussed. Some promising directions for the development of TiO2-based sensors, especially those that are capable to operate at relatively low temperatures, are outlined. The applicability of non-stoichiometric titanium oxides in the development of gas and VOC sensors is foreseen and transitions between various titanium oxide states are discussed. The presence of non-stoichiometric titanium oxide and Magnéli phase (TinO2n−1)-based layers in ‘self-heating’ sensors is predicted, and the advantages and limitations of ‘self-heating’ gas and VOC sensors, based on TiO2 and TiO2−x/TiO2 heterostructures, are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Application of Gas Sensors)
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