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Biomicrofluidics
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Biomicrofluidics

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2016) | Viewed by 35932

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Fan-Gang Tseng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University (NTHU), Academia Sinica, Hsinchu, Taiwan
Interests: organ on a chip; microfluidic systems; biosensors; CTCs/CTM diagnosis; single cell analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Tuhin Subhra Santra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
Interests: MEMS; Bio-NEMS; single- cell technology; biomedical micro/nano devices; micro/nanofluidics; nanomedicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cells play significant roles in our day-to-day life. However, the interactions of cell-to-cell responses of organelles to molecules and intracellular behaviour are still not fully understood. Recently, the development of MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) technology with the integration of chemical engineering, chemistry, and life science with micro/nanofluidic devices to become Bio-MEMS, Lab-on-a-Chip, or micro total analysis systems (µTAS), which can enable more complex manipulations of chemicals and biological agents in fluidic environments. Micro/nanofluidic devices with the power to manipulate and detect bio-samples, reagents, or biomolecules at the micro/nano scale can help to well-understand physiological interactions among molecules, organelles, and cells. Thus, micro-nanofluidic devices are not only useful for cell manipulation, isolation, separation and lysis but also they can easily control biochemical, electrical, and mechanical parameters in cells. Micro/nanofluidic devices, with their precise fluidic control ability, are potentially applicable for cellular research and therapeutic applications. This Special Issue will invite manuscripts conducting research and reviews on integrated micro/nanofluidic systems dealing with cellular manipulation, isolation, separation and lysis with their biochemical, electrical, mechanical analysis, and combined with various detection schemes. The role of cellular analysis in system biology, proteomics, genomics, and metabolomics, and their application in bioprocess engineering, future challenge, advantages, and limitations are also welcome to be included in the manuscripts.

Prof. Fan-Gang Tseng
Dr. Tuhin Santra
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microfluidics
  • nanofluidics
  • bio-MEMS
  • nanomedicine
  • lab-on-a-Chip
  • life-on-a-Chip
  • organ on a chip
  • lab-in-a-Cell
  • cell chip
  • micro total analysis (µTAS)
  • cell heterogeneity
  • cell perturbation, interaction, cultivation
  • cell proteomics, genomics, epigenomes, metabolomics, fluxomics
  • electroporation, optoporation/photoporation, mechanoporation, sonoporation, microinjection
  • mechanical characterization
  • optical characterization
  • biochemical characterization
  • system biology

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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14 pages, 3888 KiB  
Article
Fast and Inexpensive Detection of Bacterial Viability and Drug Effectiveness through Metabolic Monitoring
by Sondos Ayyash, Wen-I Wu and Ponnambalam Ravi Selvaganapathy
Sensors 2016, 16(11), 1879; https://doi.org/10.3390/s16111879 - 9 Nov 2016
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5657
Abstract
Conventional methods for the detection of bacterial infection such as DNA or immunoassays are expensive, time consuming, or not definitive and thus may not provide all the information sought by medical professionals. In particular, it is difficult to obtain information about viability or [...] Read more.
Conventional methods for the detection of bacterial infection such as DNA or immunoassays are expensive, time consuming, or not definitive and thus may not provide all the information sought by medical professionals. In particular, it is difficult to obtain information about viability or drug effectiveness, which is crucial to formulate a treatment. Bacterial culture tests are the “gold standard” because they are inexpensive and do not require extensive sample preparation, and most importantly, provide all the necessary information sought by healthcare professionals, such as bacterial presence, viability and drug effectiveness. These conventional culture methods, however, have a long turnaround time, anywhere between 1 day and 4 weeks. Here, we solve this problem by monitoring the growth of bacteria in thousands of nanowells simultaneously to more quickly identify their presence in the sample and their viability. The segmentation of a sample with low bacterial concentration into thousands of nanoliter wells digitizes the samples and increases the effective concentration in those wells that contain bacteria. We monitor the metabolism of aerobic bacteria by using an oxygen-sensitive fluorophore, ruthenium tris (2,2’-diprydl) dichloride hexahydrate (RTDP), which allows us to monitor the dissolved oxygen concentration in the nanowells. Using E. coli K12 as a model pathogen, we demonstrate that the detection time of E. coli can be as fast as 35–60 min with sample concentrations varying from 104 (62 min for detection), 106 (42 min) and 108 cells/mL (38 min). More importantly, we also demonstrate that reducing the well size can reduce the detection time. Finally we show that drug effectiveness information can be obtained in this format by loading the wells with the drug and monitoring the metabolism of the bacteria. The method that we have developed is low cost, simple, requires minimal sample preparation and can potentially be used with a wide variety of samples in a resource-poor setting to detect bacterial infections such as tuberculosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomicrofluidics)
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10 pages, 2036 KiB  
Article
Biomimetic Precapillary Flow Patterns for Enhancing Blood Plasma Separation: A Preliminary Study
by Bumseok Namgung, Justin Kok Soon Tan, Peter Agustinus Wong, Sung-Yong Park, Hwa Liang Leo and Sangho Kim
Sensors 2016, 16(9), 1543; https://doi.org/10.3390/s16091543 - 21 Sep 2016
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 7122
Abstract
In this study, a biomimetic microfluidic plasma separation device is discussed. The design of the device drew inspiration from in vivo observations of enhanced cell-free layer (CFL) formation downstream of vascular bifurcations. The working principle for the plasma separation was based on the [...] Read more.
In this study, a biomimetic microfluidic plasma separation device is discussed. The design of the device drew inspiration from in vivo observations of enhanced cell-free layer (CFL) formation downstream of vascular bifurcations. The working principle for the plasma separation was based on the plasma skimming effect in an arteriolar bifurcation, which is modulated by CFL formation. The enhancement of the CFL width was achieved by a local hematocrit reduction near the collection channel by creating an uneven hematocrit distribution at the bifurcation of the channel. The device demonstrated a high purity of separation (~99.9%) at physiological levels of hematocrit (~40%). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomicrofluidics)
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13 pages, 2961 KiB  
Article
A Microchip for Integrated Single-Cell Gene Expression Profiling and Genotoxicity Detection
by Hui Dong and Hao Sun
Sensors 2016, 16(9), 1489; https://doi.org/10.3390/s16091489 - 14 Sep 2016
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 7009
Abstract
Microfluidics-based single-cell study is an emerging approach in personalized treatment or precision medicine studies. Single-cell gene expression holds a potential to provide treatment selections with maximized efficacy to help cancer patients based on a genetic understanding of their disease. This work presents a [...] Read more.
Microfluidics-based single-cell study is an emerging approach in personalized treatment or precision medicine studies. Single-cell gene expression holds a potential to provide treatment selections with maximized efficacy to help cancer patients based on a genetic understanding of their disease. This work presents a multi-layer microchip for single-cell multiplexed gene expression profiling and genotoxicity detection. Treated by three drug reagents (i.e., methyl methanesulfonate, docetaxel and colchicine) with varied concentrations and time lengths, individual human cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) are lysed on-chip, and the released mRNA templates are captured and reversely transcribed into single strand DNA. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A), and aurora kinase A (AURKA) genes from single cells are amplified and real-time quantified through multiplex polymerase chain reaction. The microchip is capable of integrating all steps of single-cell multiplexed gene expression profiling, and providing precision detection of drug induced genotoxic stress. Throughput has been set to be 18, and can be further increased following the same approach. Numerical simulation of on-chip single cell trapping and heat transfer has been employed to evaluate the chip design and operation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomicrofluidics)
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12 pages, 3844 KiB  
Article
A Microfluidic Approach for Inducing Cell Rotation by Means of Hydrodynamic Forces
by Stefania Torino, Mario Iodice, Ivo Rendina, Giuseppe Coppola and Ethan Schonbrun
Sensors 2016, 16(8), 1326; https://doi.org/10.3390/s16081326 - 19 Aug 2016
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 7124
Abstract
Microfluidic technology allows to realize devices in which cells can be imaged in their three-dimensional shape. However, there are still some limitations in the method, due to the fact that cells follow a straight path while they are flowing in a channel. This [...] Read more.
Microfluidic technology allows to realize devices in which cells can be imaged in their three-dimensional shape. However, there are still some limitations in the method, due to the fact that cells follow a straight path while they are flowing in a channel. This can result in a loss in information, since only one side of the cell will be visible. Our work has started from the consideration that if a cell rotates, it is possible to overcome this problem. Several approaches have been proposed for cell manipulation in microfluidics. In our approach, cells are controlled by only taking advantages of hydrodynamic forces. Two different devices have been designed, realized, and tested. The first device induces cell rotation in a plane that is parallel (in-plane) to the observation plane, while the second one induce rotation in a plane perpendicular (out-of-plane) to the observation plane. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomicrofluidics)
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10 pages, 3272 KiB  
Article
Conformal Graphene-Decorated Nanofluidic Sensors Based on Surface Plasmons at Infrared Frequencies
by Wei Wei, Jinpeng Nong, Linlong Tang, Guiwen Zhang, Jun Yang and Wei Luo
Sensors 2016, 16(6), 899; https://doi.org/10.3390/s16060899 - 16 Jun 2016
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 7358
Abstract
An all-in-one prism-free infrared sensor based on graphene surface plasmons is proposed for nanofluidic analysis. A conformal graphene-decorated nanofluidic sensor is employed to mimic the functions of a prism, sensing plate, and fluidic channel in the tradition setup. Simulation results show that the [...] Read more.
An all-in-one prism-free infrared sensor based on graphene surface plasmons is proposed for nanofluidic analysis. A conformal graphene-decorated nanofluidic sensor is employed to mimic the functions of a prism, sensing plate, and fluidic channel in the tradition setup. Simulation results show that the redshift of the resonant wavelength results in the improvement of sensitivity up to 4525 nm/RIU. To reshape the broadened spectral lines induced by the redshift of the resonant wavelength to be narrower and deeper, a reflection-type configuration is further introduced. By tuning the distance between the graphene and reflective layers, the figure of merit (FOM) of the device can be significantly improved and reaches a maximum value of 37.69 RIU−1, which is 2.6 times that of the former transmission-type configuration. Furthermore, the optimized sensor exhibits superior angle-insensitive property. Such a conformal graphene-decorated nanofluidic sensor offers a novel approach for graphene-based on-chip fluidic biosensing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomicrofluidics)
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