Molecular Biology and Applied Microbiology

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Life Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2021) | Viewed by 2718

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Human Virology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
Interests: molecular biology; HIV drugs; pharmacology studies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Symmetry addresses unique aspects of symmetry in molecular biology, including microbiology and pharmacy studies. Symmetry can be defined as the balanced and repetitive arrangement of an organism's components or shapes around a central direction or axis, and it can be external or internal. External symmetry is present in animals, plants, fungi, viruses and bacteria and can be easily seen by simply looking at a plant or animal (microscopically in the case of viruses and bacteria). For example, the spectacular small emperor moth Saturnia pavonia (Linnaeus, 1758) shows a frightening feature with bilateral symmetry on its wings. Internal symmetry presents features that can also show high levels of organization and symmetry. For example, the blood vessels in human/animal bodies show internal symmetry or viral protein arrangement within the virus body. In addition, symmetry in biology can be understood as a special form of mathematical transformation. This includes movements such as translation and rotation. There are different types of symmetry in biology, such as bilateral, radial, spherical and icosahedral. Biological targets, such as certain components within human cells or receptors on cellular membranes, have been found to display perfect and symmetrical geometry. These cellular components can be targets for various antiretroviral therapy drugs and combinations of them. These drugs, molecules and peptides also occur in different dimensions and shapes, where their symmetry is demonstrated through advanced crystallography models. Symmetry in biology is an ongoing, evolving process and it occurs in different shapes and dimensions, including time. Symmetry can be disrupted. Asymmetries in biology, molecular biology and pharmacy have their origin in the perturbation of balanced arrangements, which occurs during the development of organisms. These processes are a consequence of dynamic cellular movements, reactions and molecular interactions within the cells or on the cellular surfaces. They are the result of the permanent absence of or deviation from the regular patterns of similar components within the organisms relative to a specific direction, axis or plane in space and time.

Prof. Olga S. Latinovic
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • symmetry and asymmetry in biology
  • HIV entry inhibitors
  • CCR5-targeting drugs
  • HIV AIDS
  • HIV infection
  • molecular biology
  • microbiology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 2830 KiB  
Article
Fullerene-Filtered Light Spectrum and Fullerenes Modulate Emotional and Pain Processing in Mice
by Jelena Lazovic, Lydia M. Zopf, Jernej Hren, Martin Gajdoš, Marija Slavkovic, Zorana Jovic, Ivana Stankovic, Valentina Matovic and Djuro Koruga
Symmetry 2021, 13(11), 2004; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13112004 - 22 Oct 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2213
Abstract
The most symmetric molecule, Buckminster fullerene C60, due to its unique properties, has been intensively studied for various medical and technological advances. Minimally invasive and minimally toxic treatments hold great promise for future applications. With this in mind, this research exploited [...] Read more.
The most symmetric molecule, Buckminster fullerene C60, due to its unique properties, has been intensively studied for various medical and technological advances. Minimally invasive and minimally toxic treatments hold great promise for future applications. With this in mind, this research exploited the physical properties of fullerene molecules for potential therapeutic effects. Pristine fullerenes have peak absorbance in the 380–500 nm range, making them an attractive violet-blue light filter. Since spectral quality of light can affect behavior, this research used resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs fMRI) and behavioral testing to directly evaluate the effects of fullerene-filtered light on brain processing and behavior in mice. The same method was used to study if hydroxyl fullerene water complexes (3HFWC), with or without fullerene-filtered light, modulated brain processing. A month-long, daily exposure to fullerene-filtered light led to decreased activation of the brain area involved in emotional processing (amygdala). Water supplemented with 3HFWC resulted in an activation of brain areas involved in pain modulation and processing (periaqueductal gray), and decreased latency to first reaction when tested with a hot plate. The combination of fullerene-filtered light with 3HFWC in drinking water led to restored sensitivity to a hot plate and activation of brain areas involved in cognitive functions (prelimbic, anterior cingulate and retrosplenial cortex). These results uncovered the potential of fullerene-filtered light to impact emotional processing and modulate pain perception, indicating its further use in stress and pain management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Biology and Applied Microbiology)
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