Journal Description
Textiles
Textiles
is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal on textile science and engineering published quarterly online by MDPI.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within ESCI (Web of Science), Scopus, EBSCO and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q1 (Materials Science, Textiles)
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 28.9 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 4.6 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the first half of 2025).
- Recognition of Reviewers: APC discount vouchers, optional signed peer review, and reviewer names published annually in the journal.
- Journal Cluster of Polymer and Macromolecular Science: Polymers, Gels, Polysaccharides, Textiles, Macromol, Microplastics and Adhesives.
Impact Factor:
4.9 (2024);
5-Year Impact Factor:
5.1 (2024)
Latest Articles
Autonomous Sewing Technology and System: A New Strategy by Integrating Soft Fingers and Machine Vision Technology
Textiles 2025, 5(4), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5040045 - 8 Oct 2025
Abstract
►
Show Figures
The garment manufacturing industry, being labor-intensive, has long faced challenges in automating the sewing process due to the flexibility and deformability of fabrics. This study proposes a novel strategy for automated sewing by integrating soft fingers and machine vision technology. Firstly, leveraging the
[...] Read more.
The garment manufacturing industry, being labor-intensive, has long faced challenges in automating the sewing process due to the flexibility and deformability of fabrics. This study proposes a novel strategy for automated sewing by integrating soft fingers and machine vision technology. Firstly, leveraging the flexibility and adjustability of soft fingers, combined with the motion characteristics of the sewing machine, a sewing model was established to achieve coordinated operation between the soft fingers and the sewing machine. Experimental results indicate that the fabric feeding speed and waiting time of the soft fingers are significantly correlated with the sewing speed and stitch density of the sewing machine, but not with the fabric properties. Secondly, machine vision technology was employed to inspect the quality of the sewn fabrics, achieving a classification accuracy of 97.84%. This study not only provides theoretical and technical support for the intelligent upgrading of the garment manufacturing industry but also lays the foundation for the automation of complex sewing processes such as quilting. Future research will further optimize the system’s performance and expand its applications in more complex sewing tasks.
Full article
Open AccessArticle
Experimental Analysis of Ultraviolet Radiation Transmission Behavior in Fiber-Reinforced Thermoset Composites During Photopolymerization
by
Ludovico Biavati, Sylvester Vogl and Klaus Drechsler
Textiles 2025, 5(4), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5040044 - 8 Oct 2025
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
As the importance of sustainability and performance increases, new developments in the manufacturing of fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPC) are requested. Ultraviolet (UV) curing offers a faster, more economical, and eco-friendlier alternative to conventionally used thermal curing methods, e.g., autoclave curing, but according to
[...] Read more.
As the importance of sustainability and performance increases, new developments in the manufacturing of fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPC) are requested. Ultraviolet (UV) curing offers a faster, more economical, and eco-friendlier alternative to conventionally used thermal curing methods, e.g., autoclave curing, but according to extant research, also presents some shortcomings, such as limitations to thin FRPCs and transparent glass fibers (GFs). This study analyses the UV light transmission in different thermoset FRPCs by irradiating various fiber samples on one side, while a sensor on the opposite side measures the transmitted irradiance. The materials investigated include unidirectional (UD) carbon fibers (CF), UD flax fibers (FF), and six GF fabrics with different ply structures. The fiber samples are tested in a dry, non-impregnated state and a resin-impregnated state using a UV-curable vinyl-ester-based resin. The results show that up to 16 plies of five GF fabrics are fully cured within the 20 s irradiation time and still exhibit a relatively high light transmission, revealing the potential of curing thick FRPCs with UV light. Furthermore, up to three plies of non-transparent FFs are cured, which is promising for the UV curing of natural fibers.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessReview
Alternative and Sustainable Technologies for Freshwater Generation: From Fog Harvesting to Novel Membrane-Based Systems
by
Musaddaq Azeem, Muhammad Tayyab Noman, Nesrine Amor and Michal Petru
Textiles 2025, 5(4), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5040043 - 30 Sep 2025
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Water scarcity is an escalating global challenge, driven by climate change and population growth. With only 2.5% of Earth’s freshwater readily accessible, there is an urgent need to explore sustainable alternatives. Textile-based fog collectors are advanced tools which have shown great potential and
[...] Read more.
Water scarcity is an escalating global challenge, driven by climate change and population growth. With only 2.5% of Earth’s freshwater readily accessible, there is an urgent need to explore sustainable alternatives. Textile-based fog collectors are advanced tools which have shown great potential and have gained remarkable attention across the world. This review critically evaluates emerging technologies for freshwater generation, including desalination (thermal and reverse osmosis (RO)), fog and dew harvesting, atmospheric water extraction, greywater reuse, and solar desalination systems, e.g., WaterSeer and Desolenator. Key performance metrics, e.g., water yield, energy input, and water collection efficiency, are summarized. For instance, textile-based fog harvesting devices can yield up to 103 mL/min/m2, and modern desalination systems offer 40–60% water recovery. This work provides a comparative framework to guide future implementation of water-scarcity solutions, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Hyperspectral Imaging for Non-Destructive Detection of Chemical Residues on Textiles
by
Lukas Kampik, Sophie Helen Gruber, Klemens Weisleitner, Gerald Bauer, Hannes Steiner, Leo Tous, Seraphin Hubert Unterberger and Johannes Dominikus Pallua
Textiles 2025, 5(4), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5040042 - 28 Sep 2025
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Detecting chemical residues on surfaces is critical in environmental monitoring, industrial hygiene, public health, and incident management after chemical releases. Compounds such as acrylonitrile (ACN) and tetraethylguanidine (TEG), widely used in chemical processes, can pose risks upon residual exposure. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI), a
[...] Read more.
Detecting chemical residues on surfaces is critical in environmental monitoring, industrial hygiene, public health, and incident management after chemical releases. Compounds such as acrylonitrile (ACN) and tetraethylguanidine (TEG), widely used in chemical processes, can pose risks upon residual exposure. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI), a high-resolution, non-destructive method, offers a secure and effective solution to identify and spatially map chemical contaminants based on spectral signatures. In this study, we present an HSI-based framework to detect and differentiate ACN and TEG residues on textile surfaces. High-resolution spectral data were collected from three representative textiles using a hyperspectral camera operating in the short-wave infrared range. The spectral datasets were processed using standard normal variate transformation, Savitzky–Golay filtering, and principal component analysis to enhance contrast and identify material-specific features. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in resolving spectral differences corresponding to distinct chemical residues and concentrations but also provide a practical and scalable method for detecting chemical contaminants in consumer and industrial textile materials, supporting reliable residue assessment and holding promise for broader applications in safety-critical fields.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessReview
A Brief Review of Mechanical Recycling of Textile Waste
by
Md Mayedul Islam, Rong Yin and Andre West
Textiles 2025, 5(4), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5040041 - 27 Sep 2025
Abstract
The fast fashion industry has significantly increased global textile demand, driving a surge in fiber production. However, only a minimal portion of this fiber comes from recycled sources. In the United States alone, a vast amount of textile waste is generated annually, with
[...] Read more.
The fast fashion industry has significantly increased global textile demand, driving a surge in fiber production. However, only a minimal portion of this fiber comes from recycled sources. In the United States alone, a vast amount of textile waste is generated annually, with over half ending up in landfills, contributing to environmental degradation and global warming. These developments underscore the urgent need for scalable and efficient textile recycling solutions to address both economic and ecological challenges in the fashion industry. Among recycling methods, mechanical recycling stands out for its low cost and simplicity, making it suitable for processing various types of textile waste. This article reviews current knowledge, identifies key research gaps, and provides direction for future studies in mechanical textile recycling. Despite progress, significant challenges remain in improving the quality and efficiency of recycled fiber. This study shows the importance of advancing pretreatment methods and sorting technologies, and highlights understanding regarding shredding, opening processes, and fabric structural properties.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Collection Feature Reviews for Advanced Textiles)
►▼
Show Figures

Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
The Influence of Woven Fabric Geometry on Its Surface-Mechanical Properties
by
Tadeja Penko and Polona Dobnik Dubrovski
Textiles 2025, 5(4), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5040040 - 24 Sep 2025
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
This study presents the influence of the type of weave and relative fabric density on surface roughness and the coefficient of friction in raw cotton woven fabrics. Relative fabric density, which represents how full a fabric is compared to the maximum packing density
[...] Read more.
This study presents the influence of the type of weave and relative fabric density on surface roughness and the coefficient of friction in raw cotton woven fabrics. Relative fabric density, which represents how full a fabric is compared to the maximum packing density allowed by its weave, provides a more accurate basis for comparison than absolute fabric density. Analysis revealed that both the type of weave and relative fabric density have a statistically significant effect on surface roughness, while neither factor significantly impacts the coefficient of friction. Notably, increasing relative fabric density consistently reduces surface roughness in plain, 2/2 twill, and, to some extent, 5-end satin fabrics, with plain fabrics showing the highest roughness overall. At high densities, 2/2 twill fabrics exhibit greater structural stability, yielding smoother surfaces than 5-end satin fabrics, reversing trends detected at lower densities. Furthermore, the relationship between surface roughness and friction was decoupled in plain and 2/2 twill fabrics—specifically, increased density leads to smoother surfaces and higher friction. 5-end satin fabrics were unique in showing a simultaneous reduction in both surface-mechanical properties as fabric density increased. These findings highlight that relative fabric density is a critical parameter for engineering fabrics with tailored performance properties.
Full article

Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Performance Evaluation and Fastness Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid) Fibres Dyed with Commercial Disperse Dyes in Comparison to Polyester Fabric
by
Smaro S. Lykidou, Lamprilena Pachygiannaki, Efstratios Tzouratzoglou, Evangelia C. Vouvoudi and Nikolaos F. Nikolaidis
Textiles 2025, 5(3), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5030039 - 3 Sep 2025
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is an aliphatic polyester considered a “green” material due to its natural-based origin and biodegradable properties. This is why PLA fibres may be compared with poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibres in an effort to partially replace the latter in industrial production.
[...] Read more.
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is an aliphatic polyester considered a “green” material due to its natural-based origin and biodegradable properties. This is why PLA fibres may be compared with poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibres in an effort to partially replace the latter in industrial production. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dyeability of poly(lactic acid) fibres using six (6) commercially available disperse dyes with different energy levels, molecular weights and chemical structures, namely Disperse Red 59 (Serisol Fast Pink RFL), Disperse Red 60 (Serilene Red 2BL), Disperse Red 92 (Serilene Red TBLS), Disperse Orange 31 (Serisol Br Orange RGL), Disperse Yellow 54 (Serilene Yellow 3GL) and Disperse Blue 79 (Serilene Navy Blue GRLS). The dyeing characteristics, such as dye exhaustion, colour strength (K/S value), colorimetric values, wash fastness, light fastness and sublimation fastness of dyed fibres, were examined at dyeing temperatures of 110 and 130 °C, while the presence of carrier agent was also investigated. The dye exhaustion values of PLA fibres were found to be lower than those of PET fabrics; however, K/S values were higher than those of the corresponding PET fabrics in some cases. Dyed PLA fibres illustrated good colour fastness, light fastness and sublimation fastness properties, comparable to similarly dyed PET fibres.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessReview
Application of Textile Technology in Vascular Tissue Engineering
by
Hua Ji, Hongjun Yang and Zehao Li
Textiles 2025, 5(3), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5030038 - 3 Sep 2025
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Cardiovascular diseases pose a significant global health burden, driving the need for artificial vascular grafts to address limitations of autologous and allogeneic vessels. This review examines the integration of fiber materials and textile technologies in vascular tissue engineering, focusing on structural mimicry and
[...] Read more.
Cardiovascular diseases pose a significant global health burden, driving the need for artificial vascular grafts to address limitations of autologous and allogeneic vessels. This review examines the integration of fiber materials and textile technologies in vascular tissue engineering, focusing on structural mimicry and functional regeneration of native blood vessels. Traditional textile techniques (weaving, knitting, and braiding) and advanced methods (electrospinning, melt electrowriting, wet spinning, and gel spinning) enable the fabrication of fibrous scaffolds with hierarchical architectures resembling the extracellular matrix. The convergence of textile technology and fiber materials holds promise for next-generation grafts that integrate seamlessly with host tissue, addressing unmet clinical needs in vascular tissue regeneration.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Radical and Catalyst Effect on Fenton-like Textile Dyes’ Degradation Process and Techno-Economical Consideration
by
Guntur Adisurya Ismail and Hiroshi Sakai
Textiles 2025, 5(3), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5030037 - 1 Sep 2025
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
This study investigates Fenton-based processes for textile dye degradation, focusing on Direct Red 28 (DR28), Reactive Blue 19 (RB19), and Reactive Black 5 (RBk5). Results reveal varying effectiveness of catalyst–radical combinations, with copper and peroxydisulfate consistently performing well, especially on RBk5 with 100%
[...] Read more.
This study investigates Fenton-based processes for textile dye degradation, focusing on Direct Red 28 (DR28), Reactive Blue 19 (RB19), and Reactive Black 5 (RBk5). Results reveal varying effectiveness of catalyst–radical combinations, with copper and peroxydisulfate consistently performing well, especially on RBk5 with 100% and 98.5% decolorization and total organic carbon (TOC) reduction, respectively. Iron faces limitations with DR28 due to sediment formation, resulting in 3.5% and 52.7% TOC removal when paired with hydroxyl and peroxydisulfate radicals, correspondingly. Unexpectedly, cobalt shows notable capabilities with RBk5, reaching 87.2% TOC removal, but performs poorly on the other two dyes, with less than 20% TOC removal when paired with hydroxyl radicals. Cost analysis highlights the cost-effectiveness of the standard photo-Fenton process for easy-to-degrade dyes with a cost of $0.174/g TOC removed, while copper emerges as a viable option for recalcitrant dyes, costing $0.371/g TOC removed. Overall, this research enhances understanding of catalyst–radical interactions on various dyes, a topic that is scarcely discussed in other research, and expands upon it by using techno-economic analysis for Fenton-based technologies for textile wastewater treatment, as a consideration for technology selection in actual application.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessReview
Recent Progress on Green-Derived Tin Oxide (SnO2) for the Degradation of Textile Dyes: A Review
by
L. M. Mahlaule-Glory and N. C. Hintsho-Mbita
Textiles 2025, 5(3), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5030036 - 19 Aug 2025
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Water contamination from textile dyes is a major environmental hazard. This is due to the textile industry serving among the biggest manufacturers, thus the extensive usage of these dyes. Several methods for the treatment of these pollutants have been used; however, they have
[...] Read more.
Water contamination from textile dyes is a major environmental hazard. This is due to the textile industry serving among the biggest manufacturers, thus the extensive usage of these dyes. Several methods for the treatment of these pollutants have been used; however, they have limitations in terms of cost, forming secondary pollution, and effectiveness. Metal oxides such as tin oxide (SnO2) have been identified as potential photocatalysts for the degradation of these dyes. The potential of SnO2-based photocatalysts, especially those made using green techniques, has been at the forefront of current research. The physical and optical properties, green synthesis techniques, and photocatalytic uses of SnO2 NPs are examined. Furthermore, methods to improve photocatalytic effectiveness through the formation of heterostructures are also explored. Lastly, the conclusion and future perspectives of these materials as suitable candidates for water treatment are highlighted.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessReview
A Review of the Structure, Performance, Fabrication, and Impacts of Application Conditions on Wearable Textile GNSS Antennas
by
Ruihua Wang, Cong Zheng, Qingyun Tao and Jiyong Hu
Textiles 2025, 5(3), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5030035 - 14 Aug 2025
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
The advancement of wearable technologies has resulted in significant interest in GNSS-integrated textile antenna development. Although existing literature surveys predominantly concentrate on flexible non-textile antenna systems operating within UHF and 5G frequency spectra, systematic investigations of textile-based antenna configurations in the 1–2 GHz
[...] Read more.
The advancement of wearable technologies has resulted in significant interest in GNSS-integrated textile antenna development. Although existing literature surveys predominantly concentrate on flexible non-textile antenna systems operating within UHF and 5G frequency spectra, systematic investigations of textile-based antenna configurations in the 1–2 GHz GNSS band have been relatively scarce. Contemporary GNSS textile antenna architectures primarily target GPS frequency coverage, while the global proliferation of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) infrastructure necessitates urgent development of BDS-compatible textile antenna solutions. This review methodically examines the structural configurations and radiation characteristics of 1–2 GHz textile antennas, bandwidth enhancement techniques, miniaturization methodologies, and gain optimization approaches, along with material selection criteria and manufacturing processes. Technical challenges persist in simultaneously achieving broadband operation, compact dimensions, and elevated gain performance. Primary manufacturing approaches encompassing laminated fabric assemblies, printed electronics, and embroidered conductive patterns are analyzed, while existing methodologies exhibit limited capacity for seamless garment integration. Despite remarkable progress in conductive material engineering, dielectric property modification studies demonstrate insufficient theoretical depth. Comprehensive mitigation strategies for multifaceted operational environments involving human proximity effects, mechanical deformation, and variable meteorological conditions remain notably underdeveloped. This comprehensive analysis aims to establish a foundational framework for next-generation BDS-oriented textile antenna development.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Intelligent and Precise Textile Drop-Off: A New Strategy for Integrating Soft Fingers and Machine Vision Technology
by
Jinzhu Shen, Álvaro Ramírez-Gómez, Jianping Wang, Fan Zhang and Yitong Li
Textiles 2025, 5(3), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5030034 - 12 Aug 2025
Cited by 1
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
This study presents a novel drop-off strategy for automated fabric handling in intelligent apparel manufacturing, addressing the critical challenge of drift-free placement of lightweight, flexible textiles. A pneumatically driven retractable plate is introduced as an auxiliary device, along with machine vision technology, to
[...] Read more.
This study presents a novel drop-off strategy for automated fabric handling in intelligent apparel manufacturing, addressing the critical challenge of drift-free placement of lightweight, flexible textiles. A pneumatically driven retractable plate is introduced as an auxiliary device, along with machine vision technology, to eliminate drop-off deviations inherent in traditional soft grippers. By synchronizing the retraction motion of the plate with soft gripper release, the fabric is transferred onto the target surface without free-fall drift, achieving sub-0.5 mm alignment accuracy across 15 fabric types. Machine vision-based inspection validates drop-off quality in real time. This work offers a low-cost, drift-free drop-off solution for pre-sewing automation.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Ultraviolet-Protective Textiles: Exploring the Potential of Cotton Knits Dyed with Natural Dyes
by
Diana Santiago, Joana Cunha, Paulo Mendes and Isabel Cabral
Textiles 2025, 5(3), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5030033 - 11 Aug 2025
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) represents significant risks to both textile durability and human health. Natural dyes are gaining attention as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic UV-blocking agents, offering aesthetic and functional benefits. This study explores the UV-protective properties of 100% cotton knit fabrics dyed with
[...] Read more.
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) represents significant risks to both textile durability and human health. Natural dyes are gaining attention as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic UV-blocking agents, offering aesthetic and functional benefits. This study explores the UV-protective properties of 100% cotton knit fabrics dyed with natural dyes—indigo, weld, and madder—using different mordanting processes, including materials with mordant abilities such as alum, pomegranate peel, and tannin extracted from quebracho. Twenty samples were evaluated, including undyed, individually treated, and combined dye-mordant formulations. UV protection was assessed through spectral transmittance and Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) measurements before and after washing. The results showed that natural dyes significantly improved the UV resistance of cotton fabrics, particularly when combined with products like pomegranate and the tannin–alum mixture. Notably, some samples demonstrated improved UPF and became darker after washing, such as mordant combinations like tannin with alum. These findings suggest that natural dye, when combined with appropriate mordants, offers a sustainable and effective approach to producing UV-protective textiles. This is particularly valuable in children’s clothing, where chemical safety and sun protection are crucial. Future research should investigate the influence of pH on dye stability and UV-blocking performance to optimise formulations for industrial use and long-term functionality.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Basalt Fiber Mechanical Properties After Low-Temperature Treatment
by
Sergey I. Gutnikov, Evgeniya S. Zhukovskaya, Sergey S. Popov and Bogdan I. Lazoryak
Textiles 2025, 5(3), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5030032 - 5 Aug 2025
Abstract
This study investigates the production and characterization of basalt continuous fibers (BCFs) with varying oxide contents (including Na2O, SiO2, CaO, TiO2, and Al2O3), derived from modified basalt bulk glasses. The fibers were created
[...] Read more.
This study investigates the production and characterization of basalt continuous fibers (BCFs) with varying oxide contents (including Na2O, SiO2, CaO, TiO2, and Al2O3), derived from modified basalt bulk glasses. The fibers were created through a two-stage process that included the preparation of basalt glasses followed by fiber drawing. A key focus of the research was on evaluating the mechanical properties of BCF after low-temperature treatments. Tensile testing revealed that the maximum tensile strength of the fibers was 1915 MPa at room temperature, which decreased to 1714 MPa at −196 °C, representing a shift of −10.5%. The addition of sodium oxide not only broadened the fiber-forming temperature range but also increased the strength to 2351 MPa. However, significant reductions in strength were observed at cryogenic temperatures, particularly for the Na-rich sample, which experienced a decrease of 32.8%. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing oxide content and minimizing hydroxyl (OH) groups to enhance the performance of basalt fibers in low-temperature applications, positioning them as viable materials for use in extreme environments.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Technical Textiles)
►▼
Show Figures

Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Multimodal Feature Inputs Enable Improved Automated Textile Identification
by
Magken George Enow Gnoupa, Andy T. Augousti, Olga Duran, Olena Lanets and Solomiia Liaskovska
Textiles 2025, 5(3), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5030031 - 2 Aug 2025
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
This study presents an advanced framework for fabric texture classification by leveraging macro- and micro-texture extraction techniques integrated with deep learning architectures. Co-occurrence histograms, local binary patterns (LBPs), and albedo-dependent feature maps were employed to comprehensively capture the surface properties of fabrics. A
[...] Read more.
This study presents an advanced framework for fabric texture classification by leveraging macro- and micro-texture extraction techniques integrated with deep learning architectures. Co-occurrence histograms, local binary patterns (LBPs), and albedo-dependent feature maps were employed to comprehensively capture the surface properties of fabrics. A late fusion approach was applied using four state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks (CNNs): InceptionV3, ResNet50_V2, DenseNet, and VGG-19. Excellent results were obtained, with the ResNet50_V2 achieving a precision of 0.929, recall of 0.914, and F1 score of 0.913. Notably, the integration of multimodal inputs allowed the models to effectively distinguish challenging fabric types, such as cotton–polyester and satin–silk pairs, which exhibit overlapping texture characteristics. This research not only enhances the accuracy of textile classification but also provides a robust methodology for material analysis, with significant implications for industrial applications in fashion, quality control, and robotics.
Full article

Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Functional Textile Socks in Rheumatoid Arthritis or Psoriatic Arthritis: A Randomized Controlled Study
by
Kirkke Reisberg, Kristiine Hõrrak, Aile Tamm, Margarita Kõrver, Liina Animägi and Jonete Visnapuu
Textiles 2025, 5(3), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5030030 - 31 Jul 2025
Abstract
There is limited knowledge about the benefits of functional textile in arthritis management. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of wearing functional socks in patients with rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis. Patients were randomized into an experimental group (n = 23) and
[...] Read more.
There is limited knowledge about the benefits of functional textile in arthritis management. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of wearing functional socks in patients with rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis. Patients were randomized into an experimental group (n = 23) and control group (n = 18). The intervention involved wearing functional textile socks for 12 weeks. Sock composition was analyzed using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy. Outcome measures included the Numeric Rating Scale, Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index (HAQ-DI), and RAND-36 (Estonian version). At week 12, the experimental group showed significantly lower metatarsophalangeal and toe joint pain (p = 0.001), stiffness (p = 0.005), and ankle stiffness (p = 0.017) scores than the control group. Improvements were also observed in HAQ-DI reaching (p = 0.035) and activity (p = 0.028) scores. RAND-36 scores were higher in physical functioning (p = 0.013), social functioning (p = 0.024), and bodily pain (p = 0.006). Role limitations due to physical problems improved in the experimental group but worsened in the control group (p = 0.029). In conclusion, wearing functional socks led to some statistically significant improvements in foot and ankle pain and stiffness, physical function, and health-related quality of life. However, the effect sizes were small, and the clinical relevance of these findings should be interpreted with caution.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Medical Textiles: 2nd Edition)
►▼
Show Figures

Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Supply Chain Cost Analysis for Interior Lighting Systems Based on Polymer Optical Fibres Compared to Optical Injection Moulding
by
Jan Kallweit, Fabian Köntges and Thomas Gries
Textiles 2025, 5(3), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5030029 - 24 Jul 2025
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Car interior design should evoke emotions, offer comfort, convey safety and at the same time project the brand identity of the car manufacturer. Lighting is used to address these functions. Modules required for automotive interior lighting often feature injection-moulded (IM) light guides, whereas
[...] Read more.
Car interior design should evoke emotions, offer comfort, convey safety and at the same time project the brand identity of the car manufacturer. Lighting is used to address these functions. Modules required for automotive interior lighting often feature injection-moulded (IM) light guides, whereas woven fabrics with polymer optical fibres (POFs) offer certain technological advantages and show first-series applications in cars. In the future, car interior illumination will become even more important in the wake of megatrends such as autonomous driving. Since the increase in deployment of these technologies facilitates a need for an economical comparison, this paper aims to deliver a cost-driven approach to fulfil the aforementioned objective. Therefore, the cost structures of the supply chains for an IM-based and a POF-based illumination module are analysed. The employed research methodologies include an activity-based costing approach for which the data is collected via document analysis and guideline-based expert interviews. To account for data uncertainty, Monte Carlo simulations are conducted. POF-based lighting modules have lower initial costs due to continuous fibre production and weaving processes, but are associated with higher unit costs. This is caused by the discontinuous assembly of the rolled woven fabric which allows postponement strategies. The development costs of the mould generate high initial costs for IM light guides, which makes them beneficial only for high quantities of produced light guides. For the selected scenario, the POF-based module’s self-costs are 11.05 EUR/unit whereas the IM module’s self-costs are 14,19 EUR/unit. While the cost structures are relatively independent from the selected scenario, the actual self-costs are highly dependent on boundary conditions such as production volume.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessReview
Advances and Applications of Graphene-Enhanced Textiles: A 10-Year Review of Functionalization Strategies and Smart Fabric Technologies
by
Patricia Rocio Durañona Aznar and Heitor Luiz Ornaghi Junior
Textiles 2025, 5(3), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5030028 - 22 Jul 2025
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Graphene has emerged as a promising material for transforming conventional textiles into smart, multi-functional platforms due to its exceptional electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in graphene-enhanced fabrics over the past ten
[...] Read more.
Graphene has emerged as a promising material for transforming conventional textiles into smart, multi-functional platforms due to its exceptional electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in graphene-enhanced fabrics over the past ten years, focusing on their functional properties and real-world applications. This article examines the main strategies used to incorporate graphene and its derivatives—such as graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide—into textile substrates through coating, printing, or composite formation. The structural, electrical, thermal, mechanical, and electrochemical properties of these fabrics are discussed based on characterization techniques including microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Functional evaluations in wearable strain sensors, biosignal acquisition, electrothermal systems, and energy storage devices are highlighted to demonstrate the versatility of these materials. Although challenges remain in scalability, durability, and washability, recent developments in fabrication and encapsulation methods show significant potential to overcome these limitations. This review concludes by outlining the major opportunities and future directions for graphene-based textiles in areas such as personalized health monitoring, active thermal wear, and integrated wearable electronics.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessReview
Design Innovation and Thermal Management Applications of Low-Dimensional Carbon-Based Smart Textiles
by
Yating Pan, Shuyuan Lin, Yang Xue, Bingxian Ou, Zhen Li, Junhua Zhao and Ning Wei
Textiles 2025, 5(3), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5030027 - 9 Jul 2025
Cited by 1
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
With the rapid development of wearable electronics, traditional rigid thermal management materials face limitations in flexibility, conformability, and multi-physics adaptability. Low-dimensional carbon materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes combine ultrahigh thermal conductivity with outstanding mechanical compliance, making them promising building blocks for
[...] Read more.
With the rapid development of wearable electronics, traditional rigid thermal management materials face limitations in flexibility, conformability, and multi-physics adaptability. Low-dimensional carbon materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes combine ultrahigh thermal conductivity with outstanding mechanical compliance, making them promising building blocks for flexible thermal regulation. This review summarizes recent advances in integrating these materials into textile architectures, mapping the evolution of this emerging field. Key topics include phonon-dominated heat transfer mechanisms, strategies for modulating interfacial thermal resistance, and dimensional effects across scales; beyond these intrinsic factors, hierarchical textile configurations further tailor macroscopic performance. We highlight how one-dimensional fiber bundles, two-dimensional woven fabrics, and three-dimensional porous networks construct multi-directional thermal pathways while enhancing porosity and stress tolerance. As for practical applications, the performance of carbon-based textiles in wearable systems, flexible electronic packaging, and thermal coatings is also critically assessed. Current obstacles—namely limited manufacturing scalability, interfacial mismatches, and thermal performance degradation under repeated deformation—are analyzed. To overcome these challenges, future studies should prioritize the co-design of structural and thermo-mechanical properties, the integration of multiple functionalities, and optimization guided by data-driven approaches. This review thus lays a solid foundation for advancing carbon-based smart textiles toward next-generation flexible thermal management technologies.
Full article

Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
High-Impact Resistance of Textile/Fiber-Reinforced Cement-Based Composites: Experiment and Theory Analysis
by
Zongcai Deng and Dongyue Liu
Textiles 2025, 5(3), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles5030026 - 4 Jul 2025
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
To develop cement-based composite materials with exceptional impact resistance, this study investigates the impact resistance performance of steel fiber- and glass fiber-reinforced specimens, as well as steel fiber and glass fiber textile-reinforced specimens, through drop weight impact tests. The results showed that the
[...] Read more.
To develop cement-based composite materials with exceptional impact resistance, this study investigates the impact resistance performance of steel fiber- and glass fiber-reinforced specimens, as well as steel fiber and glass fiber textile-reinforced specimens, through drop weight impact tests. The results showed that the impact resistance of specimens increases with the number of glass fiber textile layers, glass fiber volume fractions, and glass fiber lengths, with 36GF1.5SF1.0 exhibitinh ultra-high impact resistance with a failure impact energy of 114 kJ. Compared to the specimens reinforced with glass textiles, the specimens with glass fiber showed better impact resistance at the same volume fraction. The failure mode of unreinforced specimens is divided into several pieces, while fiber-reinforced specimens have local punching shear failure at the impact site, maintaining better integrity. An impact damage evolution equation and life prediction model based on a two-parameter Weibull distribution are developed. The research results will provide a reference for the selection of fibers for engineering applications.
Full article

Figure 1
Highly Accessed Articles
Latest Books
E-Mail Alert
News
Topics

Special Issues
Special Issue in
Textiles
Reinventing Textiles: The Intersection of Biology, Technology, and Design
Guest Editor: Yan Vivian LiDeadline: 31 October 2025
Special Issue in
Textiles
Advances in Smart Textiles
Guest Editor: Jun ChenDeadline: 30 November 2025
Special Issue in
Textiles
Advances in Technical Textiles
Guest Editors: Larisa A. Tsarkova, Thomas Bahners, Xiaomin ZhuDeadline: 31 December 2025
Special Issue in
Textiles
Textiles in History and Archaeology: Technology, Dyes and Conservation
Guest Editor: Ioannis KarapanagiotisDeadline: 31 May 2026
Topical Collections
Topical Collection in
Textiles
Feature Reviews for Advanced Textiles
Collection Editor: Rajesh Kumar Mishra