Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "COVID-19 Vaccines and Vaccination".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 3610

Special Issue Editors

The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
Interests: infectious diseases; SARS-CoV-2; vaccine development and evaluation; immune response; neutralizing antibody

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Guest Editor
The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
Interests: infectious diseases; SARS-CoV-2; vaccine development and evaluation; immune response; neutralizing antibody

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Although it has been almost three years combating COVID-19, a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 which has led to more than 6.5 million deaths worldwide, major aspects of the immune response following vaccination and/or infection remain to be fully understood. While multiple vaccines have been established which effectively slowed the pandemic, details of the short- and long-term immunity shaped by vaccines require a more comprehensive evaluation given the narrow timeline set for their development and deployment. Studies of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines may guide the improvement of current and future vaccines and provide the immunological framework for eliciting potent responses by vaccination in the event of a future SARS-like coronavirus spillover.

Therefore, we are pleased to invite you to submit a paper to our Special Issue, “Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines”. In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to): the assessment of cellular and humoral immune responses induced by SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the durability of antibody and cellular immunity, response differences associated with varying vaccine platforms, immune responses against variants of concern, differences in vaccine populations, innate responses in vaccine-mediated protection, etc.

We look forward to receiving your contributions. 

Dr. Ge Song
Dr. Rami Musharrafieh
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • SARS-CoV-2
  • coronavirus
  • vaccine
  • immune response
  • cellular immunity
  • humoral immunity
  • innate immunity

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 1665 KiB  
Article
Long Term Follow-Up Study of a Randomized, Open-Label, Uncontrolled, Phase I/II Study to Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of Intramuscular and Intradermal Doses of COVID-19 DNA Vaccine (AG0302-COVID19)
by Hironori Nakagami, Tetsuya Matsumoto, Kenji Takazawa, Hisakuni Sekino, Osamu Matsuoka, Satoshi Inoue, Hidetoshi Furuie and Ryuichi Morishita
Vaccines 2023, 11(10), 1535; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11101535 - 28 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1550
Abstract
Pharmacological studies have demonstrated antibody production and infection prevention with an intradermal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) DNA vaccine (AG0302-COVID-19). This clinical trial aimed to investigate the safety and immunogenicity of high doses of AG0302-COVID19 when injected intramuscularly and intradermally. Healthy adults were randomly [...] Read more.
Pharmacological studies have demonstrated antibody production and infection prevention with an intradermal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) DNA vaccine (AG0302-COVID-19). This clinical trial aimed to investigate the safety and immunogenicity of high doses of AG0302-COVID19 when injected intramuscularly and intradermally. Healthy adults were randomly divided into three intramuscular vaccination groups (2 mg, three times at 2-week intervals; 4 mg, twice at 4-week intervals; and 8 mg, twice at 4-week intervals) and two intradermal groups (1 mg, three times at 2-week intervals or twice at 4-week intervals). After a one-year follow-up, no serious adverse events were related to AG0302-COVID-19. At Week 52, the changes in the geometric mean titer (GMT) ratios of the anti-S antibodies were 2.5, 2.4, and 3.2 in the 2, 4, and 8 mg intramuscular groups, respectively, and 3.2 and 5.1 in the three times and twice injected intradermal groups, respectively. The number of INF-γ-producing cells responsive to S protein increased after the first dose and was sustained for several months. AG0302-COVID-19 showed an acceptable safety profile, but the induction of a humoral immune response was insufficient to justify progressing to a Phase 3 program. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines)
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7 pages, 261 KiB  
Communication
Predictors of Recurrent Laboratory-Confirmed Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections in a Cohort of Healthcare Workers
by Xóchitl Trujillo, Oliver Mendoza-Cano, Mónica Ríos-Silva, Miguel Huerta, José Guzmán-Esquivel, Verónica Benites-Godínez, Agustin Lugo-Radillo, Jaime Alberto Bricio-Barrios, Martha I. Cárdenas-Rojas, Eder Fernando Ríos-Bracamontes, Vannya Marisol Ortega-Macías, Valeria Ruiz-Montes de Oca and Efrén Murillo-Zamora
Vaccines 2023, 11(3), 626; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030626 - 10 Mar 2023
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Abstract
Background: Repeated SARS-CoV-2 infections are plausible and related published data are scarce. We aimed to identify factors associated with the risk of recurrent (three episodes) laboratory-confirmed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, and 1,700 healthcare workers were enrolled. We [...] Read more.
Background: Repeated SARS-CoV-2 infections are plausible and related published data are scarce. We aimed to identify factors associated with the risk of recurrent (three episodes) laboratory-confirmed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, and 1,700 healthcare workers were enrolled. We used risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to evaluate the factors associated with symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections. Results: We identified 14 participants with recurrent illness episodes. Therefore, the incidence rate was 8.5 per 10,000 person months. In a multiple-model study, vaccinated adults (vs. unvaccinated, RR = 1.05 [1.03–1.06]) and those with a severe first illness episode (vs. mild disease, RR = 1.05 [1.01–1.10]) were at increased risk for repeated symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 reinfections. Increasing age showed a protective effect (per each additional year of age: RR = 0.98 [0.97–0.99]). Conclusions: Our results suggest that recurrent SARS-CoV-2 infections are rare events in adults, and they seem to be determined, partially, by vaccination status and age. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines)
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