Advanced Concepts in Vaccines in Public Health

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Human Vaccines and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 2109

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
Interests: vaccine uptake; vaccination; public health; clinical epidemiology

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Guest Editor
Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
Interests: vaccination; public health; clinical epidemiology; biostatistics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

For decades, vaccines have been a crucial instrument for preventing infectious diseases. New vaccines are being developed and tested for the control of emerging diseases, such as COVID-19, Dengue fever, and RSV, including mRNA vaccines to prevent several high-burden infectious diseases (e.g., HIV, Hepatitis C, Malaria, etc.). As research progresses, the urgent need for data on the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of these vaccines in specific population subsets increases. Novel articles, summaries, and reviews are encouraged for this Special Issue that may contribute new information on advanced concepts on the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of the vaccines, leading to more advanced and tailored public health strategies.

Prof. Dr. Lamberto Manzoli
Dr. Maria Elena Flacco
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • vaccines
  • vaccine safety
  • vaccine efficacy
  • vaccine hesitancy
  • new vaccines
  • vaccine cost-effectiveness

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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14 pages, 3604 KiB  
Article
Trends of Diphtheria–Tetanus–Pertussis and Measles Vaccine Coverage Preceding and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of the WHO European Region from 2000 to 2022
by Andrea Maugeri, Martina Barchitta, Giorgia Cappuccio, Giuliana Favara, Roberta Magnano San Lio and Antonella Agodi
Vaccines 2024, 12(10), 1145; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12101145 - 6 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Available data highlights the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global vaccination trends. Despite this, comprehensive evaluations of these changes at the European level are still scarce. This study examines coverage for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP) and measles-containing vaccines (MCV) in [...] Read more.
Available data highlights the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global vaccination trends. Despite this, comprehensive evaluations of these changes at the European level are still scarce. This study examines coverage for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP) and measles-containing vaccines (MCV) in the WHO European Region from 2000 to 2022. Vaccination coverage data, defined as the percentage of surviving infants who received the first and third doses of DTP (DTP1 and DTP3) and the first and second doses of MCV (MCV1 and MCV2), were extracted from UNICEF databases. Joinpoint regression analysis was employed to identify joinpoints in the time series and to estimate Annual Percent Changes (APCs) and Average Annual Percent Changes (AAPCs) over predefined timeframes. The coverages for DTP1 and MCV1 exhibit a similar trend, overall characterized by four joinpoints, one of which is in 2019. In contrast, the coverage for DTP3 does not show a significant temporal trend and lacks joinpoints, while the vaccination coverage for MCV2 shows a steadily increasing trend, with three identified joinpoints. A comparative analysis with the pre-pandemic period reveals a significant increase in the number of countries characterized by a decreasing trend during the pandemic period for all considered vaccination coverages, as indicated by the negative AAPC values. These results highlight the effect of the pandemic on childhood vaccination coverage. Compared to a mere descriptive analysis, the temporal analysis of trends using joinpoint regression provides significant opportunities to identify variations in vaccination coverages and pinpoint areas for intervention in future vaccination strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Concepts in Vaccines in Public Health)
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11 pages, 429 KiB  
Systematic Review
Immunogenicity and Safety of Chikungunya Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Annalisa Rosso, Maria Elena Flacco, Giovanni Cioni, Marco Tiseo, Gianmarco Imperiali, Alessandro Bianconi, Matteo Fiore, Giovanna Letizia Calò, Vittorio Orazi, Anastasia Troia and Lamberto Manzoli
Vaccines 2024, 12(9), 969; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12090969 - 27 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Several vaccines against chikungunya fever have been developed and tested, and one has been recently licensed. We performed a meta-analysis to estimate the immunogenicity and safety of all chikungunya vaccines that have been progressed to clinical trial evaluation (VLA1553; mRNA-1388/VAL-181388; PXVX0317/VRC-CHKVLP059-00-VP; ChAdOx1 Chik; [...] Read more.
Several vaccines against chikungunya fever have been developed and tested, and one has been recently licensed. We performed a meta-analysis to estimate the immunogenicity and safety of all chikungunya vaccines that have been progressed to clinical trial evaluation (VLA1553; mRNA-1388/VAL-181388; PXVX0317/VRC-CHKVLP059-00-VP; ChAdOx1 Chik; MV-CHIK). We included trials retrieved from MedLine, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The outcomes were the rates of seroconversion/seroresponse and serious adverse events (SAEs) after the primary immunization course. We retrieved a total of 14 datasets, including >4000 participants. All candidate chikungunya vaccines were able to elicit an immunogenic response in ≥96% of vaccinated subjects, regardless of the vaccination schedule and platform used, and the seroconversion/seroresponse rates remained high 6 to 12 months after vaccination for most vaccines. Four of the five candidate vaccines showed a good overall safety profile (no data were available for ChAdOx1 Chik), with no significant increase in the risk of SAEs among the vaccinated, and a low absolute risk of product-related SAEs. Overall, the present findings support the potential use of the candidate vaccines for the prevention of chikungunya and the current indication for use in adult travelers to endemic regions of the licensed VLA 1553 vaccine. In order to extend chikungunya vaccination to a wider audience, further studies are needed on individuals from endemic countries and frail populations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Concepts in Vaccines in Public Health)
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