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Vaccines
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Recombinant Vaccines Produced in Emerging Expression Systems for Human and...
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Recombinant Vaccines Produced in Emerging Expression Systems for Human and Animal Health

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "DNA and mRNA Vaccines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 15273

Special Issue Editors

Dr. William C. Wilson

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
Interests: arthropod-borne animal diseases; arbovirus; culicoides-borne viruses; insect vectors; virus–vector interactions; rift valley fever virus
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mauricio Comas-Garcia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Research Center for Health Sciences and Biomedicine (CICSaB), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí (UASLP), Av. Sierra Leona 550 Lomas 2da Seccion, San Luis Potosi 72810, Mexico
2. Department of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí (UASLP), Av. Chapultepec 1570, Privadas del Pedregal, San Luis Potosi 78295, Mexico
Interests: VLP-based vaccines; rna viruses; coronaviruses; viral assembly; arboviviruses
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sergio Rosales-Mendoza

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Biotechnology Section, Center for Research in Health Science and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas de San Luis, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
Interests: adjuvant; multiepitope vaccine; humoral response; cellular response; recombinant vaccine; vaccinology; vaccine delivery vehicle
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

The emergence of new pathogens of human and veterinarian interest and the large number of infectious diseases for which there are not vaccines available demands their rapid development. In this scenario, the improvement of the attributes of the vaccine production platforms acquire a special importance to address global vaccination goals. For instance, cost, safety and easy delivery are key aspects defined by the platform select to produce vaccines.  Genetic engineering permits to attenuate viruses, modify viral vectors and bacteria strains to generate recombinant vaccines against infectious diseases. For example, the Modified Vaccina Virus Ankara vaccine has been used as a platform to develop vaccines against Smallpox and SARS-CoV-2. In the veterinary field, the development of live vaccines using nonpathogenic bacteria has become extremely attractive. Most recombinant vaccines require expensive production systems, thus there is a need to accelerate the development of vaccines based on innovative platforms. For example, Nicotiana bethamiana has been used for the production of Influenza antigens. This expression system is more than 10 times less expensive than mammalian cell cultures. Moreover, Lactobacillus and Bacillus sp have been proposed as hosts for the production of low-cost, oral vaccines.  This special issue of Vaccines is intended to bring attention to these innovative systems and to showcase these vaccines so they can move from the bench to clinical trial and finally to the market. The most recent genetic engineering approaches will be emphasized as well as the perspectives for the industrial adoption of such innovative systems for antigen expression and delivery. 

Dr. William C. Wilson
Dr. Mauricio Comas-Garcia
Dr. Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plant-based vaccines
  • algae-made vaccines
  • Bacillus subtilis-based vaccines
  • new expression vectors
  • oral vaccines

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3075 KiB  
Article
Construction of Recombinant Lactococcus lactis Strain Expressing VP1 Fusion Protein of Duck Hepatitis A Virus Type 1 and Evaluation of Its Immune Effect
by Xiaoting Zhang, Ruihua Zhang, Jingyu Wang, Nana Sui, Guige Xu, Hui Yan, Yanli Zhu, Zhijing Xie and Shijin Jiang
Vaccines 2021, 9(12), 1479; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121479 - 14 Dec 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2678
Abstract
With the continuous development of duck farming and the increasing breeding density, the incidence of duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) has been on the rise, seriously endangering the development of duck farming. To reduce the use of antibiotics in duck breeding, [...] Read more.
With the continuous development of duck farming and the increasing breeding density, the incidence of duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) has been on the rise, seriously endangering the development of duck farming. To reduce the use of antibiotics in duck breeding, susceptibility risks and mortality, and avoid virulence recovery and immune failure risk, this study aims to develop a new type of mucosal immune probiotics and make full use of molecular biology techniques, on the level of genetic engineering, to modify Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis). In this study, a secretory recombinant L. lactis named MG1363-VP1 with an enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (eGFP) and translation enhancer T7g10L was constructed, which could express the VP1-eGFP fusion protein of DHAV-1. The animal experiment in ducklings was performed to detect the immune response and protection effect of oral microecologics by recombinant L. lactis. The results showed that oral L. lactis MG1363-VP1 significantly induced the body’s humoral immune system and mucosal immune system to produce specific anti-VP1 IgG antibodies and mucosal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) for DHAV-1 in ducklings, and cytokines including interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). The mortality rate was monitored simultaneously by the natural infestation in the process of production and breeding; notably, the ducklings vaccinated with L. lactis MG1363-VP1 were effectively protected against the nature infection of DHAV-1. The recombinant L. lactis MG1363-VP1 constructed in this study provides a new means of preventing and controlling DHAV-1 infection in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recombinant Vaccines Produced in Emerging Expression Systems for Human and Animal Health)
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9 pages, 1715 KiB  
Article
Local and Systemic Adverse Reactions to mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines Comparing Two Vaccine Types and Occurrence of Previous COVID-19 Infection
by Oleguer Parés-Badell, Xavier Martínez-Gómez, Laia Pinós, Blanca Borras-Bermejo, Sonia Uriona, Susana Otero-Romero, José Ángel Rodrigo-Pendás, Yolima Cossio-Gil, Antònia Agustí, Cristina Aguilera and Magda Campins
Vaccines 2021, 9(12), 1463; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121463 - 10 Dec 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3523
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccines, comparing the BNT162b2 or the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccines and the presence and seriousness of a previous COVID-19 infection. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of vaccinated healthcare workers at a [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to assess adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccines, comparing the BNT162b2 or the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccines and the presence and seriousness of a previous COVID-19 infection. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of vaccinated healthcare workers at a tertiary hospital in Barcelona (Spain). Thirty-eight percent of vaccine recipients responded to the questionnaire. We compared the prevalence of adverse reactions by vaccine type and history of COVID-19 infections. A total of 2373 respondents had received the BNT162b2 vaccine, and 506 the mRNA-1273 vaccine. The prevalence of at least one adverse reaction with doses 1 and 2 was 41% and 70%, respectively, in the BNT162b2 group, and 60% and 92% in the mRNA-1273 group (p < 0.001). The BNT162b2 group reported less prevalence of all adverse reactions. Need for medical leave was significantly more frequent among the mRNA-1273 group (12% versus 4.6% p < 0.001). Interestingly, respondents with a history of allergies or chronic illnesses did not report more adverse reactions. The frequency of adverse reactions with dose 2 was 96% (95% CI 88–100%) for those with a history of COVID-19 related hospitalization, and 86% (95% CI 83–89%) for those with mild or moderate symptomatic COVID-19, significantly higher than for participants with no history of COVID-19 infections (67%, 95% CI 65–69%). Our results could help inform vaccine recipients of the probability of their having adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recombinant Vaccines Produced in Emerging Expression Systems for Human and Animal Health)
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16 pages, 2256 KiB  
Article
Staphylococcus aureus Protection-Related Type 3 Cell-Mediated Immune Response Elicited by Recombinant Proteins and GM-CSF DNA Vaccine
by Kamila R. Santos, Fernando N. Souza, Eduardo M. Ramos-Sanchez, Camila F. Batista, Luiza C. Reis, Wesley F. Fotoran, Marcos B. Heinemann, Hiro Goto, Magnus Gidlund, Adriano F. Cunha, Angélica Rosa Faria, Hélida M. Andrade, Andrey P. Lage, Mônica M. O. P. Cerqueira and Alice M. M. P. Della Libera
Vaccines 2021, 9(8), 899; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9080899 - 13 Aug 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3051
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus mastitis remains a major challenge for dairy farming. Here, 24 mice were immunized and divided into four groups: G1: control; G2: Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) DNA vaccine; G3: F0F1 ATP synthase subunit α (SAS), succinyl-diaminopimelate (SDD), and cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (CTS) [...] Read more.
Staphylococcus aureus mastitis remains a major challenge for dairy farming. Here, 24 mice were immunized and divided into four groups: G1: control; G2: Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) DNA vaccine; G3: F0F1 ATP synthase subunit α (SAS), succinyl-diaminopimelate (SDD), and cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (CTS) recombinant proteins; and G4: SAS+SDD+CTS plus GM-CSF DNA vaccine. The lymphocyte subpopulations, and the intracellular interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and interferon-γ production in the draining lymph node cells were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry. The immunophenotyping and lymphocyte proliferation was determined in spleen cells cultured with and without S. aureus stimulus. Immunization with S. aureus recombinant proteins generated memory cells in draining lymph nodes. Immunization with the three recombinant proteins plus GM-CSF DNA led to an increase in the percentage of IL-17A+ cells among overall CD44+ (memory), T CD4+, CD4+ T CD44+ CD27−, γδ TCR, γδ TCR+ CD44+ CD27+, and TCRVγ4+ cells. Vaccination with S. aureus recombinant proteins associated with GM-CSF DNA vaccine downregulated TH2 immunity. Immunization with the three recombinant proteins plus the GM-CSF DNA led to a proliferation of overall memory T, CD4+, and CD4+ TEM cells upon S. aureus stimulus. This approach fostered type 3 immunity, suggesting the development of a protective immune response against S. aureus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recombinant Vaccines Produced in Emerging Expression Systems for Human and Animal Health)
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16 pages, 1773 KiB  
Article
Immunogenicity Studies of Plant-Produced SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain-Based Subunit Vaccine Candidate with Different Adjuvant Formulations
by Konlavat Siriwattananon, Suwimon Manopwisedjaroen, Balamurugan Shanmugaraj, Eakachai Prompetchara, Chutitorn Ketloy, Supranee Buranapraditkun, Kittipan Tharakhet, Papatsara Kaewpang, Kiat Ruxrungtham, Arunee Thitithanyanont and Waranyoo Phoolcharoen
Vaccines 2021, 9(7), 744; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9070744 - 5 Jul 2021
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 4787
Abstract
Due to the rapid transmission of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causing serious public health problems and economic burden, the development of effective vaccines is a high priority for controlling the virus spread. Our group has previously demonstrated that the plant-produced receptor-binding domain [...] Read more.
Due to the rapid transmission of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causing serious public health problems and economic burden, the development of effective vaccines is a high priority for controlling the virus spread. Our group has previously demonstrated that the plant-produced receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 fused with Fc of human IgG was capable of eliciting potent neutralizing antibody and cellular immune responses in animal studies, and the immunogenicity could be improved by the addition of an alum adjuvant. Here, we performed a head-to-head comparison of different commercially available adjuvants, including aluminum hydroxide gel (alum), AddaVax (MF59), monophosphoryl lipid A from Salmonella minnesota R595 (mPLA-SM), and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)), in mice by combining them with plant-produced RBD-Fc, and the differences in the immunogenicity of RBD-Fc with different adjuvants were evaluated. The specific antibody responses in terms of total IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a subtypes and neutralizing antibodies, as well as vaccine-specific T-lymphocyte responses, induced by the different tested adjuvants were compared. We observed that all adjuvants tested here induced a high level of total IgG and neutralizing antibodies, but mPLA-SM and poly (I:C) showed the induction of a balanced IgG1 and IgG2a (Th2/Th1) immune response. Further, poly (I:C) significantly increased the frequency of IFN-γ-expressing cells compared with control, whereas no significant difference was observed between the adjuvanted groups. This data revealed the adjuvants’ role in enhancing the immune response of RBD-Fc vaccination and the immune profiles elicited by different adjuvants, which could prove helpful for the rational development of next-generation SARS-CoV-2 RBD-Fc subunit vaccines. However, additional research is essential to further investigate the efficacy and safety of this vaccine formulation before clinical trials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recombinant Vaccines Produced in Emerging Expression Systems for Human and Animal Health)
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