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Varicella Zoster Virus: Recent Advances, Risks and Prevention in Infants...
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Varicella Zoster Virus: Recent Advances, Risks and Prevention in Infants and Adults in Particular (during Immunomodulating Therapy)

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathogens-host Immune Interface".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 4073

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Françoise Lunel-Fabiani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CHU Angers, France
Interests: HCV; HBV; HDV; viral hepatitis treatment; cryoglobulinemia

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a disease affecting most commonly children and young adults. Shingles (herpes zoster), by contrast, affects adults, and particularly immunocompromised patients.
VZV is a worldwide pathogen and may result in many complications. As it remains dormant in the nervous system, VZV, which is responsible for herpes zoster in sometimes severe forms, may reactivate later in life. A decrease in the effectiveness of the cellular immune responses due to age, disease, or treatments may explain the increased risk of herpes zoster in populations exhibiting these risk factors.
A live attenuated VZV vaccine is available and was approved by FDA in 1995. Vaccination is recommended in some countries like the US and Australia.
A live attenuated herpes zoster vaccine has been proven effective and safe in immunocompetent patients. The effectiveness and safety of the herpes zoster vaccine in patients with immunodeficiencies has also been recently demonstrated.
This Special Issue will focus on recent research related to the epidemiology of VZV in infants and adults, and recent advances in prevention (vaccination), treatment, and management of varicella and herpes zoster in immunocompromised patients.

Prof. Dr. Françoise Lunel-Fabiani
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Varicella and zona virus (VZV)
  • Recent epidemiology in infants and adults, nosocomial infections
  • Complications, ie. neurological infections
  • Immuno-modulating drugs, immunocompromised patients
  • VZV Vaccines, current and futures strategies treatments, prevention and treatment recommendations

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10 pages, 1514 KiB  
Article
Effects of Varicella-Zoster Virus Glycoprotein E Carboxyl-Terminal Mutation on mRNA Vaccine Efficacy
by Han Cao, Yunfei Wang, Ning Luan, Kangyang Lin and Cunbao Liu
Vaccines 2021, 9(12), 1440; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121440 - 7 Dec 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3336
Abstract
Glycoprotein E (gE) is one of the most abundant glycoproteins in varicella-zoster virus and plays pivotal roles in virus replication and transmission between ganglia cells. Its extracellular domain has been successfully used as an antigen in subunit zoster vaccines. The intracellular C-terminal domain [...] Read more.
Glycoprotein E (gE) is one of the most abundant glycoproteins in varicella-zoster virus and plays pivotal roles in virus replication and transmission between ganglia cells. Its extracellular domain has been successfully used as an antigen in subunit zoster vaccines. The intracellular C-terminal domain was reported to be decisive for gE trafficking between the endoplasmic reticulum, trans-Golgi network and endosomes and could influence virus spread and virus titers. Considering that the trafficking and distribution of mRNA vaccine-translated gE may be different from those of gE translated against the background of the viral genome (e.g., most gE in virus-infected cells exists as heterodimers with another glycoprotein, gI,), which may influence the immunogenicity of gE-based mRNA vaccines, we compared the humoral and cellular immunity induced by LNP-encapsulated mRNA sequences encoding the whole length of gE, the extracellular domain of gE and a C-terminal double mutant of gE (mutant Y569A with original motif AYRV, which targets gE to TGN, and mutants S593A, S595A, T596A and T598A with the original motif SSTT) that were reported to enhance virus spread and elevate virus titers. The results showed that while the humoral and cellular immunity induced by all of the mRNA vaccines was comparable to or better than that induced by the AS01B-adjuvanted subunit vaccines, the C-terminal double mutant of gE showed stable advantages in all of the indicators tested, including gE-specific IgG titers and T cell responses, and could be adopted as a candidate for both safer varicella vaccines and effective zoster vaccines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Varicella Zoster Virus: Recent Advances, Risks and Prevention in Infants and Adults in Particular (during Immunomodulating Therapy))
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