HIV and Tuberculosis (TB) Coinfection
A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Human Virology and Viral Diseases".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2024 | Viewed by 606
Special Issue Editors
Interests: HIV; prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV; tuberculosis among vulnerable populations; pediatric TB; non-respiratory TB biomarkers; active case finding; TB prevention; malnutrition
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a leading infectious killer that is a particularly severe threat to vulnerable populations, including people living with HIV (PLWH), those with undernutrition, and children. TB is a curable and preventable disease, but improved tools and strategies are needed to maximize case detection and prevent transmission; this includes unique biomarkers that can be applied to distinct clinical states along the spectrum of TB infection and disease. Ideal biomarkers will meet the World Health Organization’s target product profile recommendations for triage and/or diagnostic tests and rely on specimens that are feasible to obtain in a variety of field conditions, such as urine or blood. Advances in novel diagnostic biomarkers include pathogen-related markers such as antigen detection and/or nucleic acid detection, as well as host-related markers that include biosignature responses to Mtb infection, cytokine/chemokine levels, and antibody responses. These methods can be used to identify people with TB infection, those at greatest risk of progressing to active TB after exposure to Mtb, those with subclinical or early forms of disease, as well as those with overt symptoms of active TB. Newer diagnostic methods under investigation include imaging modalities, breath analytics, and cough acoustics, which may also have a role in augmenting TB case finding. Separately, there is a need for an accurate correlate of treatment success that does not rely on sputum. Prognostic biomarkers can help identify safe methods for treatment shortening, which can limit drug-related toxicities and related morbidity.
In this Special Issue of Viruses, we will showcase the pipeline of tools that are being used to detect the spectrum of TB states among vulnerable populations of PLWH across all age ranges, as well as biomarkers to prognosticate treatment response. Translational, clinical, and implementation work that highlights novel methods to improve TB case detection, including the investigation of biomarkers for TB infection, incipient TB, TB diagnosis, and TB prognosis, will be presented. We welcome original articles, brief reports, and technical notes, performed by interdisciplinary teams from across the globe.
Dr. Tania A. Thomas
Dr. Eva Otoupalova
Guest Editors
Manuscript Submission Information
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Keywords
- tuberculosis
- HIV
- TB case detection
- biomarkers
- prevention
- subclinical TB
- pediatrics
- malnutrition
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