Avian Coronaviruses

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Viruses".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 1029

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Interests: poultry diseases; avian coronaviruses

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Avian Coronaviruses (ACoVs), a viral group within the Coronaviridae family, have emerged as significant pathogens among poultry, threatening both animal health and the poultry industry. ACoVs primarily target the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems of birds, leading to various clinical manifestations. It can also result in decreased egg production and increased mortality rates among young chicks. Improving our understanding of ACoVs is essential for devising effective control and prevention strategies.

This Special Issue invites contributions spanning pathogenesis, virus replication, antiviral factors and prevention measures against ACoVs. We encourage submissions on fundamental analyses, including viral infection mechanisms and host–virus interactions, epidemiological studies, as well as vaccine development for ACoVs infections. There are no limitations on the types of contributions; original articles, brief communications, case reports, and reviews are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Guozhong Zhang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • avian coronaviruses
  • pathogenesis
  • viral infection mechanisms
  • host–virus interactions
  • vaccine development

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 2599 KiB  
Article
Detection and Molecular Characterization of GI-1 and GI-23 Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Broilers Indicate the Emergence of New Genotypes in Bolivia
by Doris Villanueva-Pérez, Luis Tataje-Lavanda, Angela Montalván-Avalos, Diego Paredes-Inofuente, Suly Montoya-Ortiz, Gisela Isasi-Rivas, María F. Fernández, Manolo Fernández-Sánchez and Manolo Fernández-Díaz
Viruses 2024, 16(9), 1463; https://doi.org/10.3390/v16091463 - 14 Sep 2024
Viewed by 784
Abstract
Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) is a major threat to the poultry industry worldwide, causing significant economic losses. While the virus’s genetic structure is well understood, the specific strains circulating in Bolivia have remained uncharacterized until now. This study aimed to identify and characterize [...] Read more.
Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) is a major threat to the poultry industry worldwide, causing significant economic losses. While the virus’s genetic structure is well understood, the specific strains circulating in Bolivia have remained uncharacterized until now. This study aimed to identify and characterize new IBV strains in Bolivia. Tissue samples from broilers exhibiting clinical signs of Infectious Bronchitis were screened to detect IBV using real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). Positive samples with low cycle threshold (Ct) values were selected for sequencing the full S1 gene. Of the 12 samples analyzed, 10 were determined to be positive for IBV. However, only four samples yielded sufficient genetic material for sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis. The results revealed the presence of GI-1 and GI-23 lineages, both belonging to genotype I (GI). The GI-1 lineage showed >99% sequence identity to the H120 and Massachusetts vaccine strains, suggesting a close relationship. In contrast, the GI-23 lineage clustered with other IBV strains, showing a distinct subclade that is genetically distant from Brazilian strains. No evidence of recombination was found. Furthermore, amino acid substitution analysis identified specific mutations in the S1 subunit, particularly in the hypervariable regions 1, 2, and 3. These mutations could potentially alter the virus’s antigenicity, leading to reduced vaccine efficacy. The findings of this study highlight the importance of continued and broad genomic surveillance of circulating IBV strains and the need to improve vaccination strategies in Bolivia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Avian Coronaviruses)
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