CCL18 in the Progression of Cancer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The CCL18 Gene and the CCL18 Protein
- -
- macrophage inflammatory protein 4 (MIP-4)
- -
- pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC)
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- alternative macrophage activation-associated C-C chemokine-1 (AMAC-1)
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- dendritic cell-derived C-C chemokine 1 (DCCK1)
3. CCL18 in Tumor Progression
3.1. Effect of CCL18 on Cancer Cells
3.1.1. Influence of CCL18 on Cancer Cell Proliferation
3.1.2. CCL18 as an Inducer of EMT and Migration of Tumor Cells
3.1.3. Influence of microRNA in the Function of CCL18
3.2. Influence of CCL18 on Tumor-Associated Cells and Tumor Microenvironment
3.2.1. Effect of CCL18 on Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis
3.2.2. Tumor-Associated Macrophages and CCL18 in the Neoplastic Tumor
3.2.3. CCL18 and Treg Recruitment into the Tumor Niche
3.2.4. Tumor-Associated Dendritic Cells and CCL18
3.2.5. Significance of the Effects of CCL18 on CAFs in the Neoplastic Tumor
3.2.6. Role of Glycosaminoglycans in the Mechanisms of Action of CCL18
4. CCL18 as a Tumor Marker
5. CCL18 as a Therapeutic Target in Anti-Cancer Therapy
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
CAF | Cancer-associated fibroblast |
CCL | C-C motif chemokine ligand |
CCR | C-C motif chemokine receptor |
DC | Dendritic cell |
EMT | Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition |
ERK | Extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
IL | Interleukin |
mTOR | Mammalian target of rapamycin |
MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
NF-κB | Nuclear factor κB |
PITPNM3 | Phosphatidylinositol transfer protein membrane-associated 3 |
PI3K | Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase |
PGE2 | Prostaglandin E2 |
Treg | Regulatory T cell |
TADC | Tumor-associated dendritic cell |
TAM | Tumor-associated macrophage |
TIL | Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte |
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Type of Cancer | Number of Patients Studied | Prognosis with Increased CCL18 Levels in the Tumor | Comments | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Breast cancer (primary ductal carcinoma) | 562 | ↓ | CCL18+ TAM count | [69] |
Breast cancer | 1,017 | ↓ | Serum level of CCL18 and expression in tumor | [108] |
Breast cancer | 207 | ↓ | Serum level of CCL18 | [173] |
Breast phyllodes tumor | 268 | ↓ | [39] | |
Colorectal cancer | 371 | ↑ | [43] | |
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma | 38 | ↓ | Serum level of CCL18 | [148] |
Gastric adenocarcinoma | 90 | ↑ | [44] | |
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma | 146 | ↓ | Serum level of CCL18 | [174] |
Lung cancer (adenocarcinoma) | 170 | ↓ | Serum level of CCL18 | [176] |
Lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer) | 80 | ↓ | Serum level of CCL18 | [175] |
Lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer) | 243 | ↑ | CCL18+ TAM count | [183] |
Oral squamous cell carcinoma | 102 | ↓ | [182] | |
Ovarian cancer | 59 | ↓ | [55] | |
Ovarian cancer | 187 | ↓ | [177] | |
Osteosarcoma | 102 | ↓ | CCL18+ TAM count | [56] |
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | 62 | ↓ | CCL18+ cells count | [59] |
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | 134 | ↓ | [67] | |
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma | 25 | ↓ | [86] |
Type of Cancer | Prognosis with an Increased Expression of CCL18 in the Tumor | Prognosis with an Increased Expression of CCR6 in the Tumor | Prognosis with an Increased Expression of CCR8 in the Tumor | Prognosis with an Increased Expression of PITPNM3 in the Tumor | Prognosis with an Increased Expression of GPER1/GPR30 in the Tumor | Prognosis with an Increased Expression of GPER1/GPR30 in the Tumor (In Men) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Glioma | ↓ | ↑ p = 0.076 | ↓ | ↓ | -- | -- |
Thyroid cancer | -- | -- | -- | -- | ↓ p = 0.073 | ↓ |
Lung cancer | -- | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ p = 0.069 | ↑ p = 0.064 | -- |
Colorectal cancer | ↓ p = 0.057 | ↑ | -- | ↑ | ↓ | ↓ p = 0.064 |
Head and neck cancer | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ p = 0.062 | ↑ p = 0.093 |
Stomach cancer | -- | ↓ | ↑ p = 0.080 | ↑ p = 0.096 | ↓ | ↓ |
Liver cancer | -- | -- | -- | ↑ | -- | -- |
Pancreatic cancer | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ p = 0.074 | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ p = 0.057 |
Renal cancer | ↑ | ↓ | ↓ | -- | ↑ | ↑ |
Urothelial cancer | ↓ | -- | -- | -- | ↓ p = 0.078 | ↓ p = 0.091 |
Prostate cancer | ↓ | ↑ | -- | ↓ | -- | -- |
Testis cancer | -- | ↓ p = 0.080 | ↓ | -- | -- | -- |
Breast cancer | ↑ p = 0.089 | ↑ | -- | ↓ | ↑ | N/A |
Cervical cancer | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | -- | N/A |
Endometrial cancer | ↑ p = 0.096 | -- | ↑ p = 0.10 | -- | ↑ | N/A |
Ovarian cancer | ↑ | -- | ↑ | ↓ | -- | N/A |
Melanoma | -- | -- | ↑ | ↓ | -- | -- |
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Korbecki, J.; Olbromski, M.; Dzięgiel, P. CCL18 in the Progression of Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 7955. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217955
Korbecki J, Olbromski M, Dzięgiel P. CCL18 in the Progression of Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(21):7955. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217955
Chicago/Turabian StyleKorbecki, Jan, Mateusz Olbromski, and Piotr Dzięgiel. 2020. "CCL18 in the Progression of Cancer" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21: 7955. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217955